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Charleston Harbor (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
gress of the United States rejected all terms of settlement proposed by it, and the rising tide of sectional strife passed the high-water mark. If the seven Southern States which first formed the Confederacy were terribly in earnest, so equally were the Northern and Eastern States in opposition to the new government. The border States, upon whose breast the storm of war must break, were still hoping for a peaceable solution of the trouble; the problem was soon solved for them. In Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, out of the waters rises a fortress of the United States called Sumter. It is situated in the middle of the harbor, and was erected on an artificial island built on the shoals. Its walls were eight feet thick and forty feet high. It was five-sided, inclosing a space of about three hundred and fifty feet. On its ramparts and in its casements one hundred and forty guns could be mounted, and its full garrison was six hundred men. This fort was originally occupied only b
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 5
being truly derived from the people of the United States, may be resumed by them whenever the same became Vice-President and President of the United States, declare from his seat that the Federal Go by her Governor, to prevent a decree of a United States judge from being executed, boldly assertinucky, Mr. Taney, then Chief Justice of the United States, delivering a decision of the Court, said:ng for him to remain in the service of the United States. The veteran general had impressed the Pr government, under the name of the Confederate States of America. On February 4th, the date of the General Lee's command all troops of the Confederate States as soon as they arrived in Virginia. Prositions in civil life, as a member of the United States House of Representatives, as a Senator of the United States, and Secretary of War in Mr. Pierce's Cabinet. Distinguished in war and in peacethe last time in the Senate Chamber of the United States it did not breathe hatred to sections of t[5 more...]
Charleston (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
lution of the trouble; the problem was soon solved for them. In Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, out of the waters rises a fortress of the United States called Sumter. It is situated in the middle of the harbor, and was erected on an artificial island built on the shoals. Its walls were eight feet thick and forty feet high. command of Major Robert Anderson. This officer, having every reason to apprehend an attack upon his position, decided to abandon Moultrie and take possession of Sumter, which he did on the night of December 26th. Robert Anderson was a Kentuckian, and a West Point graduate of the class of 1827, whose sympathies at the beginning verrule them for our good. Preparations were now being rapidly made for war, which could be no longer prevented or postponed. The firing upon and capture of Fort Sumter, the hostile reception given the Massachusetts troops in Baltimore on April 19th, the great excitement all through the country, caused every one to speedily joi
Jefferson City (Missouri, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
o declare war. If he had much to do with John Brown's body lying moldering in the ground, the fact that his spirit was marching on down the abolition ranks did not disturb him. His State when a colony was opposed to slavery. The first speech his eloquent relative, Richard Henry Lee, ever made was in favor of the motion to lay so heavy a duty on the importation of slaves as effectually to put an end to the iniquitous and disgraceful traffic in the colony of Virginia. Lee had read, too, Jefferson's indictment/of Great Britain for allowing the slave trade when he penned the Declaration of Independence. He knew that slavery existed in the Northern States so long as it was profitable, and was abolished when it was not, and that the Mayflower which landed the Pilgrim Fathers on Plymouth Rock sailed on its very next voyage with a cargo of slaves. He had found the negroes shucking corn and hoeing potatoes. They had always been kindly treated by him; and no more happy, contented, well-
Arlington (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ed and well-fed negroes ever existed than those at Arlington. He would not have fought to preserve slavery; he he was wrestling with this disturbing question at Arlington his old commander, Scott, just across the river, whis Rubicon was crossed, for the resignation Arlington, Washington City P. O., April 20, 1861. Honorable n of his feelings upon so momentous a subject: Arlington, Va., April 20, 1861. General: Since my interviewat time a commander in the United States Navy: Arlington, Va., April 20, 1861. my dear brother Smith: The e. It was necessary now to bid farewell to old Arlington, where so many happy memories of the past had cluster from General Lee to his wife, who was still at Arlington, April 30, 1861, tells her that he is glad to hearyou had better prepare all things for removal from Arlington — that is, plate, pictures, etc., and be prepared ay adopt I can not conjecture. And Mrs. Lee, from Arlington, May 5, 1861 , sent the following note to General
Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
members of Congress declared that if Louisiana were admitted into the Union it would lead to its dissolution; the New England States would secede, amicably if they might, forcibly if they must. And he found similar instances in the history of Pennsylvania and Kentucky. In Pennsylvania he found that that State had placed herself on record by an act of her Legislature, as well as by her Governor, to prevent a decree of a United States judge from being executed, boldly asserting that it was her dPennsylvania he found that that State had placed herself on record by an act of her Legislature, as well as by her Governor, to prevent a decree of a United States judge from being executed, boldly asserting that it was her duty to protect her citizens, and to her their allegiance must first be given. In his examination of this perplexing subject he might have noticed that the Constitution of the United States at that time made it mandatory on the Governor of a State to give up a fugitive from justice to the Governor of the State he had fled from, in order that he might be tried by the laws of that State; but that, notwithstanding the Constitution, governors of sovereign States did not give up offenders unless the
Rubicon (Wisconsin, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ky, North Carolina, Virginia, and Missouri declined in terms more or less emphatic. The secession of all these States from the Union followed, except Kentucky and Missouri, whose sympathies were divided, and their union with the Government formed at Montgomery, Ala., was speedily made. On April 17, 1861, the Ordinance of Secession was passed by the Virginia Convention, and the day following, Lee had a long interview with his old commander, General Scott. On the 20th the die was cast; his Rubicon was crossed, for the resignation Arlington, Washington City P. O., April 20, 1861. Honorable Simon Cameron, Secretary of War. Sir: I have the honor to tender the resignation of my commission as colonel of the first regiment of cavalry. Very respectfully your obedient servant, R. E. Lee, Colonel, First Cavalry. of his commission in the army of the United States was respectfully tendered to the War Department. His letter explanatory of his position at that time, though familiar
Plymouth Rock (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
as in favor of the motion to lay so heavy a duty on the importation of slaves as effectually to put an end to the iniquitous and disgraceful traffic in the colony of Virginia. Lee had read, too, Jefferson's indictment/of Great Britain for allowing the slave trade when he penned the Declaration of Independence. He knew that slavery existed in the Northern States so long as it was profitable, and was abolished when it was not, and that the Mayflower which landed the Pilgrim Fathers on Plymouth Rock sailed on its very next voyage with a cargo of slaves. He had found the negroes shucking corn and hoeing potatoes. They had always been kindly treated by him; and no more happy, contented, well-clothed and well-fed negroes ever existed than those at Arlington. He would not have fought to preserve slavery; he disapproved of it and had years before freed his own, and Mr. Custis had freed by will all of his. He regretted war, but did not regret as one of its results the probable freedom
New England (United States) (search for this): chapter 5
declared that if Louisiana were admitted into the Union it would lead to its dissolution; the New England States would secede, amicably if they might, forcibly if they must. And he found similar inshing. Lee had probably read, too, that a convention composed of the representatives of the New England States had assembled in Hartford, Conn., in 1814, to protest against the war with England becace was declared with Great Britain, or at that time there might have been a secession of the New England States. It was an interesting question to this lieutenant colonel of cavalry, that if this action had been taken by the New England States, and the States remaining in the Union had invaded their territory for the purpose of coercion, upon what side would the large majority of the citizens of the New England States have been found fighting? The more Robert E. Lee thought upon the subject the more he became convinced, first, that Virginia in seceding from the Union was exercising th
Texas (Texas, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
each pillar representing with equal strength an American State. He sincerely hoped each State would pursue the path designated for it by the Constitution, as the planets revolve in well-defined orbits around the great central sun. He wrote from Texas in 1861 that he could not anticipate a greater calamity for the country than the dissolution of the Union, and that he was willing to sacrifice anything but honor for its preservation. And in another letter from Fort Mason, Texas, January, 1861,Saviour can have undergone a more trying ordeal, or met it with a more heroic spirit of sacrifice. Two and a half months before Colonel Lee's resignation the conventions of South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas had respectively passed ordinances taking these States out of the Union; and their delegates had assembled at Montgomery, Ala., and formed a new government, under the name of the Confederate States of America. On February 4th, the date of the bi
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