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February 5th (search for this): chapter 20
the besieging Army, the object being the seizure of the South side railroad and a development of the strength of Lee's right, by throwing a strong flanking column far beyond the right of the Confederate works along Hatcher's Run, in a manner to take them in reverse, and then, if possible, turn north and seize the coveted railway. To be prepared for whatever the movement might develop, the entire Army in front of Petersburg received marching orders; Jan. 31, 1865. and on Sunday morning, February 5. four days afterward, the flanking movement began. It was led by Warren, who marched with his own Corps, the Second, under General Humphreys, and Gregg's cavalry, from the left of the line. The cavalry moved down the Jerusalem plank road at an Early hour, and reached Reams's Station before sunrise. The Fifth Corps moved along the Halifax road at a little later hour, with Ayres's division in the advance, Griffin's following, and Crawford's in the rear. The Second and Third divisions of
March 10th, 1865 AD (search for this): chapter 20
toons could not span it, and he was compelled to choose whether to return to Winchester, or to pass behind Lee's Army to White House, and thence to the Army of the James, on Grant's right. He chose the latter course, and proceeding eastward, destroyed the James River canal, then the chief channel of supplies for Richmond, to Columbia, and making a General destruction of bridges over all that region. everybody is bewildered by our movements, Sheridan said in a dispatch from Columbia. March 10, 1865. he might have added, had he known the fact, that he had produced the greatest consternation in Richmond. The Government prepared to fly. The families of officials packed for a journey. Lee hastened up to Richmond, from his lines at Petersburg, and held earnest consultations with Davis and his Cabinet ; and his family, living in a pleasant House on Franklin Street, not far from the Capitol, made preparations, it was said, for an Early departure. Boxes were sent to the Departments for
February 1st (search for this): chapter 20
they held a conference of several hours Feb. 3, 1865. with the President and Secretary of State. The President first sent Mr. Seward, the Secretary of State, to meet the commissioners. He arrived at Fortress Monroe on the night of the first of February. He was instructed to insist upon (1.) the restoration of the National authority throughout the Republic; (2.) no receding on the part of the Executive from his position on the subject of slavery; and (3.) no cessation of hostilities until; Shockoe warehouse, near the center of the City, by the Gallego Flouring Mills; and the warehouses of Mayo & Dibbrell, in Gary Street, a square below Libby prison. to prevent its falling into the hands of the Government. so Early as the First of February, General Lee called General Ewell's attention to that order of Congress, when the latter conferred with the Mayor and Councilmen and leading citizens, warning them of the danger of mob violence between the time of the exit of the Confederat
March 24th (search for this): chapter 20
t the fruits of his labor would not be taken from him without reward. Viewing the situation calmly, Lee saw no hope for the preservation of his Army from starvation and capture, nor for the existence of the Confederacy, except in his breaking through Grant's lines and forming a junction with Johnston, in North Carolina. He knew that the attempt to do so, would be perilous, but the least of two evils. He chose it, and prepared for a retreat from the Appomattox to the Roanoke. on the 24th of March, Grant issued instructions to Meade, Ord, and Sheridan, these were commanders of three distinct and independent armies,--the Potomac, under Meade — the James, under Ord (who had succeeded Butler after the failure to capture Fort Fisher), and the cavalry, under Sheridan; but all acted as a unit under the General command of Grant. for a General movement on the 29th. Lee had been, for several days, evidently preparing for some important movement, and, on the day after Grant issued his i
March 27th (search for this): chapter 20
es west of the termination of this line, was a detached one, also stretching along the White Oak road, and covering a strategic Point at the junction of several highways from the North and South with the White Oak road, which formed what was called the five Forks. It was against these intrenchments, and the men who held them, that the grand turning column was to March, and did March, on the morning of the 29th. March, 1865. three divisions of the Army of the James, under Ord, had already March 27. been withdrawn from the northern side of the River, and transferred to the left of the lines before Petersburg, leaving the remainder of Ord's command in charge of General Weitzel. The troops thus transferred, consisted of two divisions of the Twenty-fourth Corps, under General Gibbon; one division of the Twenty-Fifth, led by General Birney, and a small division of cavalry, under General McKenzie. They took position on the left of the National intrenched line, lately occupied by the Seco
March 26th (search for this): chapter 20
Dam Station, a distance of fifteen miles. Then Custer, in one direction, and Devin in another, made complete destruction of the railways and bridges, as well as supplies, in the rear of Lee's Army, inflicting a more fatal blow upon the Confederate cause than any victories on the sea-board, or in the interior, during the last campaign. Having done the work thoroughly, which he was appointed to do, he swept around by the Pamunkey River and White House, and joined the besieging Army on the 26th of March. He had swept out of existence the Confederate power northward of Richmond. He had disabled full two hundred miles of railway, destroyed a vast number of bridges, and great quantities of stores, and inflicted a loss of several million dollars. His campaign was most potential in demoralizing the Confederate soldiers, and disheartening the people. Sheridan's raid; the successful March of Sherman, through the Carolinas; the augmentation of the Union forces on the sea-board by the trans
November 28th, 1864 AD (search for this): chapter 20
, as quickly as possible, Grant instructed Sheridan Feb. 20 1865. to make a grand cavalry raid upon his adversary's communications generally, and specially to seize Lynchburg, if possible; and he gave him liberty, if it should seem advisable, to move southward, to the assistance of Sherman, whose cavalry was weak in numbers. Sheridan had sent out two raids since he sent Early whirling up the Valley from Fisher's Hill. One, under General W. Merritt, started from Winchester on the 28th of November, 1864, passed through Ashby's Gap, by Middleburg, to Fairfax Court-House, Centreville, and other points in Loudon Valley, and returned on the 3d of December by way of Grove Creek, Snicker's Gap, and Berryville. Another left Winchester under General A. T. A. Torbert, on the 19th of December, 1864, and went by way of Stony Point to front Royal, and through Chester Gap, by Sperryville and Madison Court-House, to Gordonsville, which they reached on the 23d. Thence, on their return, they went
December (search for this): chapter 20
t himself meditated its abandonment at an early day, and the concentration of all the armies in the cotton States. it was at about the close of March 1865. before Grant was ready for a General movement against Lee. Meanwhile, there had been some events that broke the monotony of his Army in. Winter quarters; and Sheridan had been performing gallant and useful services North and west of Richmond. To prevent Lee from receiving any supplies by the Weldon road, Meade sent Warren, early in December, with his own (Fifth) Corps, Mott's division of the Third Corps, and Gregg's mounted men, to destroy that railway farther South than had yet been done. This service was promptly performed. Warren moved Dec. 7, 1864. with his whole command along the road, without much opposition, and destroyed it all the way to De. Meherrin River, driving the few Confederates in his path across that stream to a fortified position at Hicksford. a few weeks later, while a greater portion of the naval for
November, 1866 AD (search for this): chapter 20
ress, when the latter conferred with the Mayor and Councilmen and leading citizens, warning them of the danger of mob violence between the time of the exit of the Confederate troops and the entrance of the National troops. He urged them to obtain the passage of a law by the Virginia Legislature, for enrolling, as a local guard for defense, all men whose age exempted them from military duty, but nothing was done. My efforts were useless, says General Ewell, in a letter to the author, in November, 1866, giving an account of the evacuation. the Legislature thought it inhuman to make old men perform any military service (I thought some were afraid of their popularity), and they would do nothing more than authorize any persons to volunteer into an organization for City guards that chose, while the citizens were only active in trying to get others to volunteer. The result was that only three men volunteered. the Legislature of Virginia, at that time, was far from being a Roman body of m
March 29th (search for this): chapter 20
ttox from Bermuda hundred, passed to the rear of the Army before Petersburg, and Early on the morning of the 29th, March, 1865. marched down the Jerusalem plank road, see map on page 354. and turning westward, pushed on by way of Reams's Station, to Dinwiddie Court-House, where, at five o'clock in the afternoon, he halted for the night. meanwhile, the Corps of Warren and Humphreys (Fifth and Second) had moved at a very Early hour. The former started at three o'clock in the morning, March 29. and marching well to the left, crossed Rowanty Creek (which is formed by the junction of Hatcher's Run and Gravelly Creek), and soon turning to the right, marched northward along the Quaker road. Humphreys passed Hatcher's Run by the Vaughan road, four miles above Warren's crossing-place, and also turning northward, followed the line of that stream. On nearly parallel roads the two Corps moved against the flank of the Confederate intrenchments, over a very tedious way, with great toil, i
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