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June 9th (search for this): chapter 1
overnment, expressed in these letters, were not to be accomplished by the concentration of its forces at Harper's Ferry; for General Patterson's invasion was to be from Chambersburg, and therefore by Williamsport and Martinsburg, a route beyond the control of Harper's Ferry. Notwithstanding this determination on the part of the Executive, I resolved not to continue to occupy the place after the purposes for which the troops were sent to it should require them elsewhere. About the 9th of June, however, I again represented to the Government the objections to its plan, and urged it to change the character of my command. In my report of the military operations, ending in the battle of Manassas, published by the Government, I briefly reminded the War Department of these views, and of the expression of them by me at the time, and that the continued occupation of the place was deemed by it indispensable. （See fourth and fifth paragraphs of that report.) General Beauregard came to
James M. Mason (search for this): chapter 1
were enumerated in it, and several small bodies of regular artillery and cavalry. This statement is from memory. The garrison of Harper's Ferry had then been increased to almost seven thousand men of all arms. At sunrise on the 13th the Hon. James M. Mason brought from Winchester intelligence, received there the night before, that two thousand Federal troops, supposed to be the advanced guard of General McClellan's army, had marched into Romney the day before. That place is forty-three mister. As this information had come from the most respectable sources, it was believed, and Colonel A. P. Hill immediately dispatched to Winchester with his own (Thirteenth) and Colonel Gibbons's (Tenth Virginia) regiments on trains provided by Mr. Mason's forethought. Colonel Hill was instructed to add Colonel Vaughn's (Third Tennessee) regiment, which had just reached the town, to his detachment, and to move on toward Romney without delay, and to take the best measures in his power to retard
Richmond (search for this): chapter 1
ceived from the cavalry outposts that General Patterson's army had crossed the Potomac below Williamsport, and was marching toward Martinsburg. I determined at once to oppose its advance on that road; and directed the march of the Confederate troops across the country to Bunker's Hill, midway between Martinsburg and Win. chester, to prevent the junction of Patterson's and McClellan's forces. While we were waiting for a guide to lead us by the best road to Bunker's Hill, a courier from Richmond brought me a letter In reply to mine of the 9th. from General Cooper, The Adjutant-General of the Confederate States army. dated June 13th, giving me the President's authority to abandon Harper's Ferry and retire toward Winchester in such a contingency as the present, in the following passages: .. . You will consider yourself authorized, whenever the position of the enemy shall convince you that he is about to turn your position, to destroy every thing at Harper's Ferry which could serve
G. T. Beauregard (search for this): chapter 1
, with General Lee and the Confederate authorities. General Beauregard assigned to command of Confederate army at Manassas.s on Manassas. Precautions preparatory to assisting General Beauregard. The composition of the convention assembled in R. （See fourth and fifth paragraphs of that report.) General Beauregard came to Manassas Junction and assumed command on tha . Should you move so far as to make a junction with General Beauregard, the enemy would be free immediately to occupy the Vfrom Leesburg to seize the Manassas Gap road and to turn Beauregard's position.... In that event, if your scouts give you acuntain-passes to make a flank attack in conjunction with Beauregard's column, and with God's blessing to achieve a victory afrom General Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector-General: General Beauregard is attacked; to strike the enemy a decisive blow, a your discretion. A half-hour later, a telegram from General Beauregard informed me of his urgent need of the aid I had prom
Gil Blas (search for this): chapter 1
were waiting to no purpose, I ordered the troops to return to Winchester, much to their disappointment, for they were eager to fight. Our effective force, then, was not quite nine thousand men, of all arms. General Patterson's was about twenty thousand, I believe, instead of thirty-two thousand, the estimate of the people of Martinsburg at the time. We overrated each other's strength greatly, as was generally done by the opposing commanders during the war-0probably from the feeling in Gil Blas, which made his antagonist's sword seem d'une longueur excessive. In a letter, dated July 10th, the President said: . ... Your letter found me trying by every method to hasten reenforcements to you. ... Colonel Forney's regiment will, I suppose, get off in the morning, if not this evening, and more shall follow as fast as the railroad will permit. . .. And in another, dated the 13th: . . .. Another (regiment) for the war came yesterday. It was fully equipped, and to-day ha
2nd (search for this): chapter 1
d give me fully both information and suggestions. Twenty-five hundred militia, called out in Frederick and the surrounding counties, were assembling at Winchester under Brigadier-Generals Carson and Meem; and, especially to increase their value, Major Whiting was directed to have a few light defensive works constructed on the most commanding positions on the northeast side of the town, and to have some very ineffective heavy guns, on ship-carriages found there, mounted in them. On the 2d, General Patterson's army, which had been strongly reenforced, again crossed the Potomac and marched toward Martinsburg, driving before it the little body of cavalry that Stuart was able to gather. Colonel Jackson directed his brigade to retire, according to the instructions he had received; and with the rear-guard, composed of three hundred and eighty men of Colonel Harper's (Fifth Virginia) regiment and a field-piece, Commanded by Captain Pendleton himself. which Stuart joined with his lit
Montgomery (search for this): chapter 1
the next lower. But, as it was certain that the war would be conducted by the Confederate Government, and its officers had precedence of those having like State grades, I preferred the Confederate commission. The President had me called to Montgomery to receive instructions, and there assigned me to the command of Harper's Ferry. In my journeys from Washington to Richmond, from Richmond to Montgomery, and thence to Harper's Ferry, I saw in the crowds assembled at all the railroad-statioMontgomery, and thence to Harper's Ferry, I saw in the crowds assembled at all the railroad-stations the appearance of great enthusiasm for the war against subjugation-so much as to give me the impression that all of the population fit for military service might have been brought into the field, if the Confederate Government could have furnished them with arms and ammunition-which, unfortunately, it had not provided. That government depended for arms, for the war then imminent, mainly upon those found in the arsenals at Fayetteville, Charleston, Augusta, Mount Vernon, and Baton Rouge; Unite
Bee (search for this): chapter 1
ah, enabling him to dispense with his long line of transportation from Pennsylvania. Every thing should be destroyed which would facilitate his movements through the Valley. In a few days the army was strengthened by the accession of Brigadier-General Bee, Colonel Elzey, and the Ninth Georgia regiment. It was then reorganized. Jackson's brigade was formed of the Second, Fourth, Fifth, and Twenty-seventh Virginia regiments, and Pendleton's battery; Bee's of the Second and Eleventh Mississer from the south, thus avoiding the slight intrenchments. Since the return of the army from Parksville, the Thirty-third Virginia regiment, organized by Colonel A. C. Cummings, had been added to Jackson's brigade; the Sixth North Carolina to Bee's; the Eleventh Georgia to Bartow's; The Ninth Georgia had joined it soon after the troops reached Winchester. and a fifth brigade formed, for Brigadier-General E. Kirby Smith, just promoted, of the Nineteenth Mississippi, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, a
Stonewall (search for this): chapter 1
and Fourth Alabama regiments of infantry, and a Maryland and a Kentucky battalion; four companies of artillery (Virginia), with four guns each, but without caissons, horses, or harness; and the First Regiment of Virginia Cavalry--of about two hundred and fifty men, including Captain Turner Ashby's company, temporarily attached to it by Colonel Jackson--in all, about five thousand two hundred effective men. Among the superior officers were several who subsequently rose to high distinction : Stonewall Jackson; A. P. Hill, who won the grade of lieutenant-general; Stuart, matchless as commander of outposts; and Pendleton, General Lee's commander of artillery. These troops were undisciplined, of course. They were also badly armed and equipped-several regiments being without accoutrements-and were almost destitute of ammunition, and, like all new troops assembled in large bodies, they were suffering very much from sickness; nearly forty per cent. This proportion is given from memory.
June 7th (search for this): chapter 1
dated May 26th and 28th, and June 6th, and replied to by General Lee After Richmond became the seat of the Confederate Government, General Lee performed a part of the duties of the Secretary of War, and of the Adjutant-General. on the 1st and 7th of June. These letters of his express the dissent of the authorities from my views, and their opinion that the maintenance of the existing arrangement was necessary to enable us to retain the command of the Valley of Virginia, and our communicationsection, were mounted on Furnace Ridge. My predecessors had constructed two very slight outworks, one on the summit of the mountain on the Maryland side of the Potomac, the other on the Loudon Heights. Before the end of the first week in June the Seventh and Eighth Georgia and Second Tennessee regiments had arrived. About the 10th of the month, General Patterson, who had been organizing and instructing his troops at Chambersburg, advanced from that place to Hagerstown. According to the
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