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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Army. (search)
an was the theatre of many daring cavalry exploits. To give more efficiency to the troops covering Washington in 1862, they were formed into an organization called the Army of Virginia, and placed under the command of Maj.-Gen. John Pope. General Halleck was then general-in-chief of all the armies, with his headquarters at Washington. The corps of the new army were commanded, respectively, by Generals McDowell, Banks, and Sigel. When McClellan had retreated to Harrison's Landing and the Confederate leaders were satisfied that no further attempts would then be made to take Richmond, they ordered Lee to make a dash on Washington. Hearing of this, Halleck ordered Pope, in the middle of July, to meet the intended invaders at the outset of their raid. General Rufus King led a troop of cavalry that destroyed railroads and bridges to within 30 or 40 miles of Richmond. Pope's troops were posted along a line from Fredericksburg to Winchester and Harper's Ferry, and were charged with t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Blackwater, battle of the. (search)
Blackwater, battle of the. Late in 1861 the Department of Missouri was enlarged, and Gen. Henry W. Halleck was placed in command of it. General Price had been rapidly gathering Confeder ate forces in Missouri; and Gen. John Pope was placed in command of a considerable body of troops to oppose him. Pope acted with great vigor and skill. He made a short, sharp, and decisive campaign. Detachments from his camp struck telling blows here and there. One was inflicted by Gen.. Jefferson C. Davidge by storm, and fell upon the Confederates with such vigor that they retreated in confusion, and were so closely pursued that they surrendered, in number about 1.300. cavalry and infantry. The spoils of victory were 800 horses and mules, 1.000 stand of arms, and over seventy wagons loaded with tents, baggage, ammunition, and supplies of every kind. In a brief space of time the power of the Confederates in that quarter was paralyzed, and Halleck complimented Pope on his brilliant campaign.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Civil War in the United States. (search)
Skirmish at Turkey Bend, on the James River. President Lincoln calls for 600,000 additional volunteers.—6. Engagement at Duval's Bluff.—7. Battle of Bayou de Cachi, Ark.; the Confederates defeated. Engagement 10 miles above Duval's Bluff; all the camp-equipage and provisions of the Confederates captured.—8. Union expedition up Roanoke River started from Plymouth, N. C.—9. Confederate batteries at Hamilton, on the Roanoke River, with steamers, schooners, and supplies, captured.—11. Gen. H. W. Halleck appointed commander of all the land forces of the republic.—. 13. National troops at Murfreesboro, Tenn., captured by Confederate cavalry.— 14. Battle of Fayetteville, Ark.; the Confederates defeated.—15. Confederate ram Arkansas ran past the Union flotilla, and reached the batteries at Vicksburg.—17. Congress authorized the use of postage and other stamps as currency, to supply a deficiency of small change, and made it a misdemeanor for any individual to issue a fraction
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Fremont, John Charles 1813-1890 (search)
d his troops were winning little victories here and there, when, through the influence of men jealous of him and his political enemies, Fremont's career was suddenly checked. False accusers, public and private, caused General Scott to send an order for him to turn over his command to General Hunter, then some distance in the rear. Hunter arrived just as the troops were about to attack Price. He took the command, and countermanded Fremont's orders for battle; and nine days afterwards Gen. H. W. Halleck was placed in command of the Department of Missouri. The disappointed and disheartened army were turned back, and marched to St. Louis in sullen sadness. Soon afterwards an elegant sword was presented to Fremont, inscribed, To the Pathfinder, by the men of the West. Ascent of Fremont's Peak. In the Journal of his first expedition (1842), Fremont gives a modest yet thrilling account of the ascent of the highest peak of the Rocky Mountains and of the planting of Old glory on t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Missouri, (search)
the following day the governor raised the standard of revolt, as before narrated. Strengthened by the successes of Pope (see Blackwater, battle at the), Gen. Henry W. Halleck, who had succeeded to the command of the Department of Missouri, prepared to put forth more vigorous efforts to purge the State of Confederates. On Dec. 3le Price, being promised reinforcements from Arkansas, moved back to Springfield, where he concentrated about 12,000 men, and prepared to spend the winter there. Halleck sent Gen. S. R. Curtis to drive him out of the State. Curtis was assisted by Generals Davis, Sigel, Asboth, and Prentiss. They moved in three columns. Early in February, 1862, Price fled into Kansas, whither he was pursued by Curtis; and Halleck wrote to his government, late in February, that he had purged Missouri, and that the flag of the Union was waving in triumph over the soil of Arkansas. In accomplishing this work no less than sixty battles—most of them skirmishes—had been fought
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Madrid, siege of (search)
i, in the early part of the Civil War, and consequently were of great importance to the large commercial city towards its mouth. To this place Confederate General Polk transferred what he could of munitions of war when he evacuated Columbus. Gen. Jeff. M. Thompson was in command at Fort Madrid of a considerable force and a strong fortification called Fort Thompson. When the garrison there was reinforced from Columbus, it was put under the command of General McCown. Against this post General Halleck despatched Gen. John Pope and a considerable body of troops, chiefly from Ohio and Illinois. He departed from St. Louis (Feb. 22, 1862) on transports, and landed first at Commerce, Mo., and marched thence to New Madrid, encountering a small force under General Thompson on the way, and capturing from him three pieces of artillery. He reached the vicinity of New Madrid on March 3, found the post strongly garrisoned, and a flotilla under Capt. George N. Hollins (q. v.) in the river. He
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Pope, John 1822-1892 (search)
ns, he boldly denounced the policy of President Buchanan, for which offence he was court-martialled, but the matter was dropped. Captain Pope was one of the officers who escorted Mr. Lincoln to Washington (February, 1861), and in May was made brigadier-general of volunteers and appointed to a command in Missouri, where he operated successfully until the capture of Island Number10, in 1862. In March, 1862, he became major-general of volunteers, and in April he took command of a division of Halleck's army. Late in June he was summoned to Washington to take command of the Army of Virginia, where, for fifteen days from Aug. 18, he fought the Confederate army under Lee continuously; but finally was compelled to take refuge behind the defences of Washington. At his own request, he was relieved of the command of the Army of Virginia and assigned to that of the Northwest. In March, 1865, he was brevetted major-general; in 1882 was promoted major-general; and in 1886 was retired. He died
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sheridan, Philip Henry 1831-1888 (search)
Sheridan, Philip Henry 1831-1888 Military officer; born in Albany, N. Y., March 6, 1831; graduated at West Point in 1853; served with much credit in Texas and Oregon, doing good service in the latter region, and settling difficulties with the Indians; was made captain in May, 1861, and during the summer was president of a military commission to audit claims in Missouri. In December he was made chief commissary of the Army of the Southwest, and was on the staff of General Halleck at Corinth, performing the same duties. In May, 1862, he was made colonel of the 2d Michigan Cavalry; on June 6 defeated Forrest's cavalry, and on July 1 repulsed and defeated a superior Confederate force under Chalmers at Booneville, Miss. He was then at the head of a brigade of cavalry, and was made brigadiergeneral. In August he defeated Faulkner's cavalry in Mississippi. Late in September he took command of a division in the Army of the Ohio, and led another division at the battle of Perryville.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sherman, Thomas West 1813-1879 (search)
Sherman, Thomas West 1813-1879 Military officer; born in Newport, R. I., March 26, 1813; graduated at West Point in 1836; served with General Taylor in the war against Mexico, in command of a battery; and was brevetted major. He commanded a division in the battle of Bull Run, and led the land forces in the Port Royal expedition, landing at Hilton Head Nov. 7, 1861. In March, 1862, he was superseded by General Hunter, and joined the army under Halleck at Corinth. He did excellent service in the region of the lower Mississippi in 1862-63; commanded a division in the siege of Port Hudson; received (March 13, 1865) the brevet of major-general, United States army, for services there and during the war; and was retired with the rank of major-general, Dec. 31, 1870. He died in Newport, R. I., March 16, 1879. Sherman, William Tecumseh
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Shiloh, battle of (search)
general all along the line. The Confederates fought gallantly, but were speedily pushed back by a superior force. When they perceived that all was lost, they fled in the direction of Corinth, in a blinding storm of rain and sleet, and halted on the heights of Monterey, covered in their retreat by a rear guard of 12,000 men, led by General Breckinridge. The Confederates had lost over 10,000 men in the engagement and retreat. Fully 3,000 died during the flight to the heights of Monterey. The National loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners was about 15,000. The slain on the battle-field were buried; the dead horses were burned. The hospital vessels sent down the Tennessee were crowded with the sick and wounded. Beauregard's shattered army fell back to Corinth, and Grant was about to pursue and capture it, when General Halleck, his superior in rank, came up and took the chief command, and caused the army to loiter until the Confederates, recuperated, were ready for another battle.
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