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January 28th, 1873 AD (search for this): chapter 16
rs at the points where they are next to be folded, and after a folding-plate has folded over the last flap then lap the last fold on the opposite end of the bottom, the finished bag being fed out by rolls or belts. In Hotchkiss's machine, January 28, 1873, the bag shown at l l′ l′ l‴ is made. The paper is fed by rolls from under the delivery-table over the recess of the folding-table, where it is held on one side by a spring and on the other by a gravitating bar, when a bag-length is cut by BaronOct. 1, 1872. 132,312,H. B. MorrisOct. 15, 1872. 132,890,C. F. AnnanNov. 12, 1872. 133,395,J. ArkellNov. 26, 1872. 134,035,B. ColeDec. 17, 1872. 134,580,C. F. AnnanJan. 7, 1873. 135,145,M. MurphyJan. 21, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138,844,L. D. BennerMay 13, 1873. 139,104,H. G. ArmstrongMay 20, 1873. 140,342,N. BiedingerJuly 1, 1873. 141,862,G. DunhamAug. 19, 1873. 143,358,W. LiddellSept. 30, 1873. 143,674,L. C. CrowellOct. 14, 1873. 143,925,J. S. OstrangerOct.<
1385 AD (search for this): chapter 16
used, the vanes meeting the resistance of the air, forming a limit to the speed, as in the musical boxes of the present day. Such was probably the regulator in the clocks of the Saracens, which were moved by weights as early as the eleventh century; the clock which struck the hours, referred to by Dante (1265-1321); the clock in the old Palace Yard, London, put up about 1288 and remaining till the time of Elizabeth; the clock made by William of Wallingford in the reign of Richard II. （1377-85). Ebn Junis, of the University of Cordova, invented the timemeasuring pendulum, and his friend and fellow-philosopher, Gerbert, invented the escapement, as it is believed. Gerbert became, successively, schoolmaster at Rheims (where he had a clock), Archbishop of Ravenna, and Pope Sylvester II. He died by poison in 1002. So did his patron, Otho III., about the same time. An oscillating arm was substituted for the fly, probably in the fourteenth century. The clock of Henry de Wyck, e
January 21st, 1873 AD (search for this): chapter 16
8,327,James ArkellAug. 22, 1871. 119,307,J. M., J. P., and S. H. BryantSept. 26, 1871. 119,915,B. S. BinneyOct. 17, 1871. 122,099,James ArkellDec. 26, 1871. 122,510,L. D. BennerJan. 9, 1872. 123,013,George GuildJan. 23, 1872. 123,812,L. C. CrowellFeb. 20, 1872. 131,841,Bibby and BaronOct. 1, 1872. 132,312,H. B. MorrisOct. 15, 1872. 132,890,C. F. AnnanNov. 12, 1872. 133,395,J. ArkellNov. 26, 1872. 134,035,B. ColeDec. 17, 1872. 134,580,C. F. AnnanJan. 7, 1873. 135,145,M. MurphyJan. 21, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138,844,L. D. BennerMay 13, 1873. 139,104,H. G. ArmstrongMay 20, 1873. 140,342,N. BiedingerJuly 1, 1873. 141,862,G. DunhamAug. 19, 1873. 143,358,W. LiddellSept. 30, 1873. 143,674,L. C. CrowellOct. 14, 1873. 143,925,J. S. OstrangerOct. 21, 1873. 145,125,J. P. RaymondDec. 2, 1873. 146,372,W. WebsterJan. 13, 1874. 146,773,R. W. MurphyJan. 27, 1874. 146,774,M. MurphyJan. 27, 1874. 147,998,C. B. StilwellFeb. 24, 1874. 148,280,C. G. BiedingerMa
March 2nd, 1858 AD (search for this): chapter 16
arrying a knife, folding the bottom centrally and into the rollers which discharge it pressed flat for packing. Biedinger's paper-bag machine (series of operations). paper-bag machines patented in the United States. No.Name.Date. 9,355,F. Wolle,Oct. 26, 1852. 12,511,Louis KochMarch 13, 1855. 12,786,Smith and PetteeMay 1, 1855. 12,945,E. W. GoodaleMay 29, 1855. 12,982,F. WolleMay 29, 1855. 13,647,E. W. GoodaleOct. 9, 1855. 17,184,B. F. RiceApril 28, 1857. 19,506,Jacob KellerMarch 2, 1858. 20,838,Francis WolleJuly 6, 1858. 21,657,Henry R. DavidOct. 5, 1858. 22,199,S. E. PetteeNov. 30, 1858. 24,734,William GoodaleJuly 12, 1859. 25,191,William GoodaleAug. 23, 1859. 27,959,Louis D. BarrandApril 24, 1860. 28,188,G. F. LufberryMay 8, 1860. 28,537,S. E. PetteeMay 29, 1860. 30,191,H. G. ArmstrongOct. 2, 1860. 32,777,John Miller, Jr.July 9, 1861. 37,573,J. J. GreenoughFeb. 3, 1863. 37,726,C. H. MorganFeb. 17, 1863. 38,253,Joseph WellsApril 21, 1863. 38,452,S. E. Pet
1357 AD (search for this): chapter 16
tached from the loom. The box is perforated with as many holes as there are warp-threads, and rods connected with each thread are suspended over it. The pattern-cards are perforated to correspond with the figure to be woven. As the box revolves, carrying the cards successively over its faces, the rods drop down whenever the holes in the cards and box coincide, each rod lifting its own warp-thread. The cards are hung together in an endless belt, as shown in the figure. See also pages 1356, 1357. Pattern-card of Jacquard loom. Pattern-chain. （Weaving.) A device for automatically bringing to the picker, according to the sequence required by the pattern, the shuttles in the shuttle-boxes at the ends of the race. In Fig. 3570, the patternchain is shown passing over the wheel M. It has links of varying hight, which, as they pass beneath the roller on lever I, raise it to a greater or lesser hight, and with it the rod G and the shuttle-box at its summit, and so bring the req
280 AD (search for this): chapter 16
, is prepared from the inner portion of the stems of a hardy leguminous plant that grows plentifully about the lakes near Calcutta and also in the island of Formosa, whence the Chinese import it in large quantities. The stems of the plant being cut into the proper lengths for the sheets, the pith is cut spirally into a thin slice, then flattened, pressed, and dried. It thus resembles very closely the papyrus in the mode of manufacture. It is said that in Japan, previous to the year A. D. 280, silken stuff, with a facing of linen, was used for writing upon. Subsequently paper was imported from the Corea, and about 610 A. D. the Broussonesia papyrifera (paper mulberry) was introduced, from which the greater part of the paper now used in that country is made. This is manufactured by boiling the stalks of the plant, causing the bark to separate. The outer portion of this is converted into paper of an inferior quality, while the inner skin is treated by farther boiling, washed, a
1356 AD (search for this): chapter 16
box detached from the loom. The box is perforated with as many holes as there are warp-threads, and rods connected with each thread are suspended over it. The pattern-cards are perforated to correspond with the figure to be woven. As the box revolves, carrying the cards successively over its faces, the rods drop down whenever the holes in the cards and box coincide, each rod lifting its own warp-thread. The cards are hung together in an endless belt, as shown in the figure. See also pages 1356, 1357. Pattern-card of Jacquard loom. Pattern-chain. （Weaving.) A device for automatically bringing to the picker, according to the sequence required by the pattern, the shuttles in the shuttle-boxes at the ends of the race. In Fig. 3570, the patternchain is shown passing over the wheel M. It has links of varying hight, which, as they pass beneath the roller on lever I, raise it to a greater or lesser hight, and with it the rod G and the shuttle-box at its summit, and so bring t
December, 1855 AD (search for this): chapter 16
becoming insoluble in the parts exposed to light. A subsequent washing with ether removes the unchanged soluble portions, leaving the picture visible upon the stone, which is then to be gummed, rolled up, etched, and printed. (See lithography.) This process preceded that of Macpherson of Rome (October 14, 1852) by only a few months; five years later the Imperial printing office in Vienna experimented in the same direction. See Heliotype. 2. Poitevin, of Paris, patented in England, December, 1855, a process for producing pictures on stone, based upon Mungo Ponton's discovery, that a sheet of paper saturated with a solution of bichromate of potash and dried, was sensitive to light. Ponton, without ignoring the possible action of the substance of the paper, believed this liability to change to be inherent in the salt itself, but Becquerel subsequently explained its true nature as depending on the organic character of the sizing employed, which was apparently affected by the chromi
1364 AD (search for this): chapter 16
unis, of the University of Cordova, invented the timemeasuring pendulum, and his friend and fellow-philosopher, Gerbert, invented the escapement, as it is believed. Gerbert became, successively, schoolmaster at Rheims (where he had a clock), Archbishop of Ravenna, and Pope Sylvester II. He died by poison in 1002. So did his patron, Otho III., about the same time. An oscillating arm was substituted for the fly, probably in the fourteenth century. The clock of Henry de Wyck, erected in 1364, for Charles V. of France, was regulated by an alternating balance (a, Fig. 3628) which was formed by suspending two heavy weights from a horizontal bar fixed at right angles to an upright arbor, and the movement was accelerated or retarded by diminishing or increasing the distance of the weights from the arbor. The clocks erected at Strasburg, 1370, Courtray, 1370, and Spire, 1395, were probably of this character, as were also the astronomical clocks of Tycho Brahe and other less celebrat
December 17th, 1872 AD (search for this): chapter 16
4,743,A. AdamsMay 16, 1871. 116,842,M. E. KnightJuly 11, 1871. 118,327,James ArkellAug. 22, 1871. 119,307,J. M., J. P., and S. H. BryantSept. 26, 1871. 119,915,B. S. BinneyOct. 17, 1871. 122,099,James ArkellDec. 26, 1871. 122,510,L. D. BennerJan. 9, 1872. 123,013,George GuildJan. 23, 1872. 123,812,L. C. CrowellFeb. 20, 1872. 131,841,Bibby and BaronOct. 1, 1872. 132,312,H. B. MorrisOct. 15, 1872. 132,890,C. F. AnnanNov. 12, 1872. 133,395,J. ArkellNov. 26, 1872. 134,035,B. ColeDec. 17, 1872. 134,580,C. F. AnnanJan. 7, 1873. 135,145,M. MurphyJan. 21, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138,844,L. D. BennerMay 13, 1873. 139,104,H. G. ArmstrongMay 20, 1873. 140,342,N. BiedingerJuly 1, 1873. 141,862,G. DunhamAug. 19, 1873. 143,358,W. LiddellSept. 30, 1873. 143,674,L. C. CrowellOct. 14, 1873. 143,925,J. S. OstrangerOct. 21, 1873. 145,125,J. P. RaymondDec. 2, 1873. 146,372,W. WebsterJan. 13, 1874. 146,773,R. W. MurphyJan. 27, 1874. 146,774,M. MurphyJan. 27, 187
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