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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 91 13 Browse Search
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War: The Opening Battles. Volume 1. 11 1 Browse Search
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 10 2 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Cheerful Yesterdays 7 1 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Massachusetts in the Army and Navy during the war of 1861-1865, vol. 2 6 0 Browse Search
the Rev. W. Turner , Jun. , MA., Lives of the eminent Unitarians 6 2 Browse Search
James Russell Soley, Professor U. S. Navy, Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 7.1, The blockade and the cruisers (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 6 2 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1 5 1 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 3 5 1 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the Colonization of the United States, Vol. 1, 17th edition. 3 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for Isaac Newton or search for Isaac Newton in all documents.

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a very moderate magnifying power, 100 feet for a power of 200, led Gregory and Newton to the construction of reflecting telescopes (see telescope), and these for manfferent substances though their refracting powers may be equal or nearly so. Newton had supposed that the dispersion was always proportional to the refraction, and course of a series of experiments undertaken in order to verify this theory of Newton, which had been controverted, that Dollond was led to his discovery. He founn of). Type-metal.Lead.Tin.Bismuth.Cadmium.Melting-point. Rose's112201° F. Newton's538212 Newton's (another formula)325199 French1548 Wood's131210 Wood's6711Newton's (another formula)325199 French1548 Wood's131210 Wood's671180 Wood's Patent (March 20, 1860)427 – 81 – 2150 – 160 Wood's Patent for filling tooth (Sept. 4, 1864)1 – 22 – 33 – 41 – 2 Kupffer's table of fusible alloys, — ravity, and asserted that it diminished with the distance. It was reserved for Newton to determine that it decreased as the square of the distance. Al
ted by a steam-engine, and acting in a tube which directed its blows; the hole obtained receiving a charge of nitro-glycerine. The work of removing the obstructions in the East River has now devolved upon the United States Engineers, under General Newton. They are proceeding by building coffer-dams and driving headings. It is a regular tunneling business, and when the whole roof is blown off and the pillars broken off, the new river-bottom will be the bottom of the drifts, plus what of thhur showered upon the ships by machines. Stettala, a canon of Milan, made a parabolic reflector with a focus of 45 feet, at which distance it ignited wood. It is understood to be the first of that form, though Digges in the sixteenth century, Newton and Napier in the seventeenth century, experimented with parabolic mirrors. Villette, an optician of Lyons, constructed three mirrors about 1670. One of them, purchased by the King of France, was 30 inches in diameter and 36 inches focus. The
n 1500, as an imitation of the mechanical structure of the eye. The theory of optical sensation was laid down by Alhazen the Saracen, A. D. 1100. See binocular glasses. Baptista Porta, in 1589, mentions it in his book on Natural magic. Sir Isaac Newton remodeled it, 1700. Daguerre, in 1839, rendered the images obtained therein permanent, after Wedgewood, Davy, and Niepce had only partially succeeded. See photography. The camera-obscura as described by Baptista Porta is a dark chamberven periods of time. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the Spanish, Dutch, French, and English governments had offered rewards for an instrument which should determine longitude within a certain specified degree of accuracy. Sir Isaac Newton suggested the discovery of the longitude by the dial of an accurate time-keeper, and the Parliament of Queen Anne in 1714 passed an act granting £ 10,000 if the method discovered the longitude to a degree of sixty geographical miles, £ 15,00
n is fairly referable to those described under the various heads. The floating-derrick of the New York Department of Docks was built under the supervision of Mr. Newton, assistant-engineer of the department. It was constructed expressly for the purpose of trans- porting from the work-yards the blocks of granite and artificial, in 1850; weighed in the rough 800 carats, cut to 186 1/16 carats; recut to 103 3/4 carats. — Brande. Austrian. A rose-cut diamond of 139 1/2 carats. Sir Isaac Newton suggested that the diamond is combustible, but the first to establish the fact were the Florentine Academicians, in 1694; they succeeded in burning it in thead (shown at a′, Fig. 1631), which is a steel ring studded with black diamonds. The heads of the drills used at the Mont Cenis Tunnel, and the excavations by General Newton at Hallet's Point, East River, N. Y., were of this character. Fig. 1632 represents a prospecting or open-cut drill detached from the boiler which drives it
, discovered that there was a repulsive as well as an attractive force in electricity, observing that a globe of sulphur, after attracting a feather to it, repelled it until the feather had again been placed in contact with some other substance. Newton, in 1675, observed signs of electrical excitement in a rubbed plate of glass. Hawkesbee, who wrote in 1709, also observed similar phenomena; and Dulay in the Memoirs of the French Academy, between 1733 and 1737, generalized so far as to lay downby rubbing amber, glass, resin, etc. His electrometer was an iron needle poised on a pivot. Otto Guericke, of Magdeburg, recognized phenomena of repulsion. He heard the first sound and saw the first light in artificially excited electricity. Newton saw the first traces of an electric charge in 1675, in some experiment with a rubbed plate of glass. Although Wall in 1708, Gray in 1734, and Nollet, conjectured the identity of frictional electricity and lightning, yet Franklin was the first
ed in mathematical and mechanical science and art. He improved the telescope; discovered the ring of Saturn (as such); reapplied the pendulum to beating time, and first accurately adapted it; invented the micrometer; and in his various communications to the Academy of Sciences in Paris and the Royal Society of London illuminated all he undertook. He was one of the emigrants driven from France at the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and exchanged the friendship of Louis XIV. for that of Newton. See negative eye-piece. Hy-al′o-graph. An instrument for tracing a design on a transparent surface. Hy-alo-type. (Photography.) A photographic positive on glass. Hydrants. Hydrants. Hy′drant. A valve and spout connecting with a water-main, and by which water may be drawn from the latter. In the domestic form, as usual in the yards of our city houses, the spout is elevated sufficiently to allow it to discharge into a tub or bucket, the valve being operated by a<
alian painter, demonstrated the ellipticity of the sun's image after refraction through a prism; Newton (1642 – 1727) determined that it was owing to the difference in the refrangibility of the respective portions of the rays. Newton supposed that refraction and dispersion were indissolubly united, but Dollond demonstrated that by using two different kinds of glass he could abolish the color, a spectrum formed by prisms having the same refracting angle, varies greatly in different media. Newton supposed that the dispersion was always proportional to the refraction, but Dollond ascertained ity, large size, and free from striae, have been very great, and deserve a passing notice. Sir Isaac Newton declared them insurmountable, and the English, French, and Germans of the last century laboto crest600 feet. Interval of time between waves16 seconds. Velocity per hour32 1/2 miles. Newton found that the velocity of the waves is as the square roots of their breadths; as taken between
e discovery of this error. See mariner's compass. The dip of the magnet was discovered by Robert Norman, 1576. See magnetometer. The magnet worn by Sir Isaac Newton in his ring weighed only 3 grains, yet was able to take up 746 grains, or nearly 250 times its own weight. Artificial magnets were made by Dr. G. Knight ispecific gravities. This was written about the time of Roger Bacon, 250 years before Da Vinci, 350 years before Porta, and more than 400 years before Galileo and Newton. The Phoenicians circumnavigated Africa in the seventh century B. C., as we learn from Herodotus. Strabo (writing about A. D. 18) says:— If the extent of teet. It vitrified pumice, slate, tiles, shells, pieces of crucibles; lighted green wood instantly, and dissolved an alloy of lead and tin like so much lard. Newton's mirror had 7 concave glasses, each 11 1/2 inches in diameter; one in the center, the others encircling it, so as to have a common focus. The diameter was 34 1/
et to be triple, as his telescope was not of sufficient power to define the ring. He afterward saw the phases of Venus and the spots on the sun. The reflecting telescope was invented in several forms, known as the Gregorian, Newtonian, etc. Then Newton made his discoveries in the reflection, refraction, inflections, and colors of light. Achromatism was discovered by Dolland; afterward polarization of light by double refraction; a century later polarization by reflection, by single refraction; ; then came the discovery that the colors of soap-bubbles were due to the thickness of the film, and this led to ascertaining the length of waves of light. The undulatory theory was suggested in 1664, and was held in abeyance by the supremacy of Newton's preferred material theory; the eye came to be considered as a camera, as described by Da Vinci; later we have reached the kaleidoscope the stereoscope, the photographic camera and processes, the compound and achromatic microscope, which is now
uced by the passage of sunbeams through a piece of glass thus shaped had undoubtedly been noticed before the time of Sir Isaac Newton, but he was first to discover the unequal refraction which the different colored rays composing the solar spectrum ukes dental plates. Streeter, 1869, applies it as a veneer to dental plates; molds by heat and pressure. Hunt, 1874; Newton, 1872; Pursell, 1872; Troutman, 1871, refer to the use of pyroxyline with dental plates, for attaching teeth. Hill, 18be and exhibit an apparatus for molding dental plates, consisting of 3, flask press and an oil bath, heated by a lamp. Newton, April 23, 1872, describes a mode of attaching pyroxyline backing to artificial teeth, by softening, shaping, and punctur.Dietz et al1871. 114,242.Winsborough1871. 120,130.Troutman1871. 113,735.Brockway1871. 113,736.Brockway1871. 125,979.Newton1872. 126,575.Pursell1872. 133,229.Hyatt1872. 133,969.Dietz et al1872. 138,254.Hyatt1873. 143,772.McClelland1873. 13
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