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ing their determination not to serve upon the new Council Board, and in confirmation of this conclusion each of them submitted in writing a copy of a written certificate to that effect, attested by the clerk of the court. The high sheriff of the courts, who was present, submitted a certificate in similar form, to the effect that he would not execute any precepts under the new act of Parliament, and that he would recall the venires which he had already sent out. The clerk of the courts of Middlesex engaged to do no one thing in obedience to the new act of Parliament. The meeting apparently adjourned from the Common to the residence of Lieutenant-Governor Oliver, on the westerly side of Elmwood Avenue, now known as the Lowell house, where the lieutenant-governor made a promise of a similar nature over his own signature, the concluding sentence in which is, My house at Cambridge being surrounded by about four thousand people, in compliance with their command I sign my name,— Thomas
the Common, to audiences estimated at thousands, and ever after the elm was known as the Whitefield tree. It remained standing until 1855, when it was removed by the city. This Common was famous also as the place selected by the yeomanry of Middlesex on which to assemble on every occasion of public emergency. On Thursday, September 1, 1774, Governor Gage sent four companies of troops in thirteen boats up the Mystic River, and seized two hundred and fifty half-barrels of powder, being the wremoved it to Castle William, now Fort Independence, in Boston Harbor. A detachment also went to Old Cambridge and carried off two fieldpieces. These proceedings caused great indignation, and on the following day more than two thousand men of Middlesex assembled here to consult in regard to this insult to the people. From the Common they marched to the court-house in Harvard Square, and compelled three councilors, Oliver, Danforth, and Lee, and the high sheriff of the county, to resign thei
parse population, the marshes, as yet undefiled, performed auxiliary service to the farmer with their supplies of salt hay, and the flats, as yet untainted, gave him the mussel and the clam in plenty. The yield of the grass gave but slight value to the riparian lands. It was not until the people grew in such numbers as to exhaust the uplands, that any attempt was made to reclaim the lowlands for habitation or commerce. The bridge of 1793, which became the great highway from the towns of Middlesex to the markets of Boston, and so quickly doubled the population of Cambridge, gave the first impetus to the work of pushing back the sea. Its long causeway was laboriously made over the marshes, and, later, little by little, a rod of land was gained from the waters here and there on either side as the increasing traffic justified the enterprise of shop or of inn. The new prosperity of the town awakened the ambition of the more sanguine. Why suffer Cambridge to be merely a roadway to the c