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Carolina City (North Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
ss. families, with the consent of the government of Pennsylvania, removed from Carolina, and planted themselves on the Susquehannah. Sad were the fruits of that hospave as their Mohawk brothers. IV. South of the Tuscaroras, the midlands of Carolina sheltered the Catawbas. Its villages included the Woccons and the nation spokf the Tennessee River, as far west as Muscle Shoals, and the highlands of Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama— the most picturesque and most salubrious region east of their numbers soon promised to increase; and, being placed between the English of Carolina, the French of Louisiana, the Spaniards of Florida,— bordering on the Choctas,alley of the Cumberland River, to find a vacant wilderness in the highlands of Carolina; and a part of them for years roved to and fro in wildernesses west of the Chm ten thousand; and their warriors strolled as conquerors from Hudson's Bay to Carolina,—from the Kennebec to the Tennessee. Very great uncertainty must, indeed, att<
Green Bay (Wisconsin, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
tomies had crowded the Miamis from their dwellings at Chicago: the intruders came from the islands near the entrance of Green Bay, and were a branch Schoolcraft, 1825, p. 360 of the great nation of the Chippewas. That nation, or, as some write, th of whose dialect, mythology, traditions, and customs, we have the fullest accounts,—held the country from the mouth of Green Bay to the head waters of Lake Superior, and were early visited by the French at Sault St. Mary and Chegoimegon. They adopardly implies a band of Indians distinct from the Chippewas; but history recognizes, as a separate Algonquin tribe near Green Bay, the Menomonies, who were found there in 1669, who retained their ancient territory long after the period of French anddialect. South-west of the Menomonies, the restless Sacs and Foxes, ever dreaded by the French, held the passes from Green Bay and Fox River to the Mississippi, and, with insatiate avidity, roamed, in pursuit of contest, over the whole country be
Halifax (Canada) (search for this): chapter 4
the Bay of Mobile. Just beyond that bay began the posts of the Spaniards, which continued round the shores of Florida to the fortress of St. Augustine. The English colonies skirted the Atlantic, extending from Florida to the eastern verge of Nova Scotia. Thus, if on the east the strait of Canso divided France and England, if on the south a narrow range of forests intervened between England and Spain, every where else the colonies of the rival nations were separated from each other by tribes a territory that extended through sixty degrees of longitude, and more than twenty degrees of latitude. The Micmacs, who occupied the east of the continent, south of the little tribe that dwelt round the Bay of Gaspe, holding possession of Nova Scotia and the Mass Hist. Coll. x. 115 adjacent isles, and probably never much exceeding three thousand in number, were known to our fathers only as the active allies of the French. They often invaded, but never inhabited, New England. The Etch
New England (United States) (search for this): chapter 4
allies of the French. They often invaded, but never inhabited, New England. The Etchemins, or Canoemen, dwelt not only on the St. John'sau. eage to Algonquins on the Atlantic; and descendants from the New England Indians now roam over western prairies. The forests beyond ththeir conquests. Not only did they claim some supremacy in Northern New England as far as the Kennebec, Chap XXII.} and to the south as farFrench; and two villages of Iroquois converts, the Cahnewagas of New England writers, were established near Montreal, a barrier against theirs was able to change essentially the habits and character of the New England tribes. The Quakers came among the Delawares in the spirit of p XXII.} that boundless deep. On a rock by the side of a small New England stream, where, even by the aid of the tides, small vessels can hyond the capacity of the J. Davis, in Trans. Am. Ac red men of New England; and to one intimately acquainted with the skill and manners of
Rhode Island (Rhode Island, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
e the colonization of the country, had almost disappeared from the shores of the bay that bears its name; and the villages of the interior resembled insulated and nearly independent bands, that had lost themselves in the wilderness. Of the Pokanokets, who dwelt round Mount Hope, and were sovereigns over Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, and a part of Cape Cod; of the Narragansetts, who dwelt between the bay that bears their name and the present limits of Connecticut, holding dominion over Rhode Island and its vicinity, as well as a part Chap XXII.} of Long Island,—the most civilized of the northern nations; of the Pequods, the branch of the Mohegans Gookin c. II. that occupied the eastern part of Connecticut, and ruled a part of Long Island,—earliest victims to the Europeans,—I have already related the overthrow. The country between the banks of the Connecticut and the Hudson was possessed by independent villages of the Mohegans, kindred with the Manhattans, whose few smokes once ro<
Pyrenees (search for this): chapter 4
guage in Spain, and of the Congo in Africa. Here W. Humboldt, on the Basque Lang. p. 58. is a marvellous coincidence in the structure of languages, at points so remote, among three races so Lafitau, II. 474. different as the white man of the Pyrenees, the black man of Congo, and the copper-colored tribes of North A. Humboldt, Voy. III. 307; Researches, i. 19. America. Now, a characteristic so extensive is to be accounted for only on some general principle. It pervades languages of differeries. How slowly did the condition of the common people of Europe make advances! For how many centuries did the knowledge of letters remain unknown to the peasant of Germany or France! How languidly did civilization pervade the valleys of the Pyrenees! How far is intellectual culture from having reached the peasantry of Hungary! Within the century and a half during which the Cherokees have been acquainted with Europeans, they have learned the use of the plough and the axe, of herds and floc
Kingston (Canada) (search for this): chapter 4
Ohio; they had triumphantly invaded the tribes of the west as far as Illinois; their warriors had reached the soil of Kentucky and Western Virginia; and England, to whose alliance they steadily inclined, availed itself of their treaties for the cession of territories, to encroach even on the empire of France in America. Nor had the labors of the Jesuit missionaries been fruitless. The few families of the Iroquois who migrated to the north of Lake Ontario, and raised their huts round Fort Frontenac, remained in amity with the French; and two villages of Iroquois converts, the Cahnewagas of New England writers, were established near Montreal, a barrier against their heathen countrymen and against New York. The Huron tribes of the north were environed by Algonquins. At the south, the Chowan, the Meherrin, the Nottoway, villages of the Wyandot family, have left their names to the rivers along which they dwelt; and the Tuscaroras, kindred with the Five Nations, were the most powerf
Lake Michigan (United States) (search for this): chapter 4
bama, from the head waters of the Santee to the Susquehannah. The Miamis were more stable, and their own traditions preserve the memory of their ancient limits. My forefather, said the Miami orator Little Turtle, Chap XXII.} at Greenville, kindled the first fire at Detroit; from thence he extended his lines to the head waters of American State Papers, IV. 570, 571 Scioto; from thence to its mouth; from thence down the Ohio to the mouth of the Wabash; and from thence to Chicago, on Lake Michigan. These are the boundaries within which the prints of my ancestor's houses are every where to be seen. And the early French narratives confirm his words. The forests beyond Detroit were at first found unoccupied, or, it may be, roamed over by bands too feeble to attract a trader or win a missionary; the Ottawas, Algonquin fugitives from the basin of the magnificent river whose name commemorates them, fled to the Bay of Saginaw, and took possession of the whole north of the peninsula as
Gulf of Mexico (search for this): chapter 4
xtended up the St. Lawrence to Lake Superior, and from that lake, through the whole course of the Mississippi, to the Gulf of Mexico and the Bay of Mobile. Just beyond that bay began the posts of the Spaniards, which continued round the shores of Flf the Uchees and the Natchez, the whole country south-east, south, and west of the Cherokees, to the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, to the Mississippi and the confluence of the Tennessee and Ohio, was in the possession of one great family of nationsas, and the Cherokees,—their political importance made them esteemed as the most powerful Indian nation north of the Gulf of Mexico. They readily gave shelter to fugitives from other tribes; and their speech became so modified, that, with radical rd the movement seems to have been towards the east and south. The number of primitive languages increases near the Gulf of Mexico; and, as if one nation had crowded upon another, in the cane-brakes of the state of Louisiana there are more independ
Bagdad, Fla. (Florida, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
at the end of one hundred and four years, made their Interca- A von Humboldt. lation more accurately than the Greeks, the Romans, or the Egyptians. The length of their tropical year was almost identical with the result obtained by the La Place, Exposition du Systeme du Monde, l. v. c. III astronomers of the caliph Almamon; but let no one derive this coincidence from intercourse, unless he is prepared to believe that, in the ninth century of our era, there was commerce between Mexico and Bagdad. Chap XXII} The agreement favors clearly the belief that Mexico did not learn of Asia; for, at so late a period, intercourse between the continents would have left its indisputable traces. No inference is warranted, except that, in the clear atmosphere of the table lands of Central America, the observers may have watched successfully the progress of the seasons; that the sun ran his career as faithfully over the heights of the Cordilleras as over the plains of Mesopotamia. When to this
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