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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Preface. (search)
s official or private from Bollan; Jasper Mauduit; Richard Jackson,—the same who was Grenville's Secretary at the Exchequer, a distinguished Member of Parliament, and at one time Agent for three Colonies;—Arthur Lee; several unpublished ones of Franklin; the copious and most interesting, official and private Correspondence of William Samuel Johnson, Agent for Connecticut; one letter and fragments of letters of Edmund Burke, Agent for New-York; many and exceedingly valuable ones, of Garth a Member of Parliament and Agent for South Carolina; and specimens of the Correspondence of Knox and Franklin, as Agents of Georgia. Analogous to these are the confidential communications which passed between Hutchinson and Israel Mauduit and Thomas Whately; between one of the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania and Deputy Governor Hamilton; between Cecil Calvert and Hugh Hammersley, successive Secretaries of Maryland, and Lieutenant Governor Sharpe; between Ex-Governor Pownall and Dr. Cooper of Boston;
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., The crisis (search)
with civil liberty. The protesting Lords had affirmed, that if the provinces might refuse obedience to one statute, they might to all,—that there was no abiding place between unconditional universal submission and independence. Alarmed that such an alternative should be forced upon them, the colonists, still professing loyalty to a common sovereign, drew nearer and nearer to a total denial of the power of the British Legislature. I will freely spend nineteen shillings in the pound, said Franklin, to defend my right of giving or refusing the other shilling; and, after all, if I cannot defend that right, I can retire cheerfully with my little family into the boundless woods of America, which are sure to afford freedom and subsistence to any man who can bait a hook or pull a trigger. Franklin's Hints for a Reply to the Protests of Certain Members of the House of Lords against the Repeal of the Stamp Act. The Americans, said the press of Virginia, Gage to Conway, 1766. are hasty
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 27: (search)
on to Secretary Conway, 10 July, 1766; Lords of Trade to the King, 3 Sept. 1766, before the above named papers were received; Letters of William Franklin and Benjamin Franklin, 1766; Franklin's Writings, IV. 233, &c. This plan for a colony in Illinois should not be confounded with the transactions respecting Vandalia, or as it has he Wisconsin. From the Reasons, &c., section 8. The tract was thought to contain sixty-three millions of acres, the like of which could nowhere be found. Benjamin Franklin favored the enterprise which promised fortune to its undertakers, and to America some new security for a mild colonial Administration. It was the wish of Shelburne, B. Franklin to his son, 11 Oct. 1766. who loved to take counsel with the great philosopher on the interests of humanity, that the Valley of the Mississippi might be occupied by colonies enjoying English liberty. But the Board of Trade, to which Hillsborough had returned, Franklin, IV. 235. insisted that emigrants to
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 29: (search)
son's Hist. III. 171. All that he said carried conviction to the House of Lords, Extract of a letter from London. and hastened the very event which he deplored. In the six hours debate, the resistance of New-York and Massachusetts Benj. Franklin to Ross, London, 11 April, 1767; W. S. Johnson to Dyer, 10 April, 1767. had been so highly colored, that Choiseul began to think the time for the great American insurrection was come. He resolved, therefore, to send an emissary across the Atrbearance; nor had the brave officer whom he employed, sagacity enough to measure the movement of a revolution; but from this time Choiseul sought in every quarter accurate accounts of the progress of opinion in America, alike in the writings of Franklin, the reports current among the best informed merchants, and even in New England sermons, from which curious extracts are to this day preserved among the State Papers of France. His judgment on events, though biassed by Chap. XXIX.} 1767. Apr
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 30: (search)
gust. is the most vexatious possible; I see the ill; I do not see the remedy. Anxious to send none but the most accurate accounts, Durand made many inquiries of Franklin, and asked for all his political writings. That intriguing nation, said Franklin, Franklin to his son, 28 August, 1767; Writings, VII. 357. would like very wFranklin, Franklin to his son, 28 August, 1767; Writings, VII. 357. would like very well to blow up the coals between Britain and her Colonies; but I hope we shall give them no opportunity. In England, observed Durand, Durand to Choiseul, 11 August, 1767. there is no one who does not own that its American Colonies will one day form a separate State. The Americans are jealous of their liberty and will alwaysFranklin to his son, 28 August, 1767; Writings, VII. 357. would like very well to blow up the coals between Britain and her Colonies; but I hope we shall give them no opportunity. In England, observed Durand, Durand to Choiseul, 11 August, 1767. there is no one who does not own that its American Colonies will one day form a separate State. The Americans are jealous of their liberty and will always wish to extend it. The taste for independence must prevail among them. Yet the fears of England will retard its coming, for she will shun whatever can unite them.—Let her but attempt to establish taxes in them, rejoined Choiseul, and those countries, greater than England in extent, and perhaps becom- Chap. XXX.} 1767. Aug. ing
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 33: (search)
tery; boroughs were sold openly, and votes purchased at advanced prices. The market value of a seat in Parliament was four thousand pounds; at which rate the whole venal House would have been bought for not much over two millions sterling, B. Franklin to W. Franklin, 13 March, 1768. Writings, VII. 394. and a majority for not much over one million. Yet in some places a contest cost the candidates twenty to thirty thousand pounds apiece, and it was affirmed that in Cumberland one person lav, 31 May, 1768. Out of twenty-five members of the newly elected Legislature at least eighteen were professed Sons of Liberty, enthusiasts for the American cause, zealous for maintaining their natural rights. They unanimously made choice of Benjamin Franklin, as their agent; and nothing but their prorogation prevented their sending words of sympathy to Massachusetts. New Jersey expressed its desire to correspond and unite with the other Colonies. New Jersey to Massachusetts, 9 May, 1768, in
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 35: (search)
nces to Choiseul, 5 August, 1768. You will learn what transpires in America infinitely better in the city than at court; wrote Choiseul Choiseul to Frances, Compiegne, 6 August, 1768. to the French Minister in England. Never mind what Lord Hillsborough says; he wrote again; the private accounts of American merchants to their correspondents in London are more trustworthy. Choiseul to Frances, 27 August 1768. The obedient official sought information in every direction—especially of Franklin, than whom no man in England uttered more prophetic warnings, or in a more benign or more loyal spirit. He has for years been predicting to the Ministers the necessary consequences of their American measures, said the French envoy; Frances to Choiseul, 12 August 1768. he is a man of rare intelligence and welldisposed to England; but, fortunately, is very little consulted. While the British Government neglected the opportunities of becoming well-informed respecting America, Choiseul col
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 38: (search)
ry, and Parliament, and all Great Britain, to subdue to his will one stubborn little town on the sterile coast of the Massachusetts Bay. The odds against it were fearful; but it showed a life inextinguishable, and had been chosen to keep guard over the liberties of mankind. The old world had not its parallel. It counted about sixteen thousand inhabitants of European origin, all of whom learned to read and write. Good public schools were the foundation of its political system; and Benjamin Franklin, one of their pupils, in his youth apprenticed to the art which makes knowledge the common property of mankind, had gone forth from them to stand before the nations as the representative of the modern plebeian class. As its schools were for all its children, so the great Chap. XXXVIII} 1768. Dec. body of its male inhabitants of twenty-one years of age, when assembled in a Hall which Faneuil, of Huguenot ancestry, had built for them, was the source of all municipal authority. In th
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 44: (search)
mission to export rice. We are treated as hard task-masters, because we will not give up an undoubted right of the Legislature. Thomas Pownall moved the repeal of the duty on tea also. The House of Commons, like Lord North in his heart, Franklin to Dr. Cooper, 8 June, 1770; Franklin's Works, VII. 475. And compare VII. 467. was disposed to do the work of conciliation thoroughly. It was known that Grenville would not give an adverse vote. Compare Du Chatelet to the Duke of Choiseul, ng America had been the wish of the King. On the present occasion, had the King's friends remained neutral, the duty on tea would have been repealed; with all their exertions, in a full House, the majority for retaining it was but sixty-two. Franklin to a Friend in America, 18 March, 1770; Writings, VII. 466. Lord North seemed hardly satisfied with his success; and Chap. XLIV.} 1770. March reserved to himself liberty to accede to the repeal on some agreement with the East India Company;
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 45: (search)
uence of Bowdoin and of the Minister Cooper, Samuel Cooper to B. Franklin, 6 November, 1770; in Franklin, VII. 489. Hutchinson to Gov. Pownall, 11 Nov. 1770. Benjamin Franklin was elected with Arthur Lee as his substitute. Franklin held under the Crown the office of Deputy PoFranklin held under the Crown the office of Deputy Postmaster General for America, and his son was a CHAP. XLV.} 1770. Oct royal Governor; but his mind had reasoned on politics with the same fr colonial Assemblies, had no sanction in the Constitution. Benjamin Franklin to Samuel Cooper, London, 8 June, 1770; in Franklin's Witings, VII. 475. Compare also Franklin, IV. 408, VII. 392, and VII. 487 and Cooper to Franklin, 15 November, 1770, in Franklin, VII. 490. From theFranklin, 15 November, 1770, in Franklin, VII. 490. From the knowledge that these were his principles, and from confidence in his integrity and ability, the House readily confided the redress of their grievances to his care. See the letter of instructions to B. Franklin, 6 Nov. 1770, written by Samuel Adams. At the time when Franklin
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