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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., The American revolution. (search)
insulate Massachusetts, but even to confine the contest to its capital. On the day of the accession of Louis the Sixteenth, 10. the act closing the port of Boston, transferring the board of customs to Marblehead, and the seat of government to Salem, reached the devoted town. The king was confident that the slow torture which was to be applied, would constrain its inhabitants to cry out for mercy and promise unconditional obedience. Success in resistance could come only from an American un disguising to themselves their danger, but confident of victory, they were resolved to stand together as brothers for a life of liberty. The merchants of Newburyport were the first who agreed to suspend all commerce with Britain and Ireland. Salem, also, the place marked out as the new seat of government, in a very full town meeting and after unimpassioned debates, decided almost Chap. I.} 1774. May. unanimously to stop trade not with Britain only, but even with the West Indies. If in
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 2: (search)
ernment for the year by the usual election of councillors; of these, the governor negatived the unparalleled number of thirteen, among them James Bowdoin, Samuel Dex Chap. II.} 1774. May. ter, William Phillips, and John Adams, than whom the province could not show purer or abler men. The desire of the assembly that he would appoint a fast was refused; for, said he to Dartmouth, the request was only to give an opportunity for sedition to flow from the pulpit. On Saturday, the twentyeighth, Samuel Adams was on the point of proposing a general congress, when the assembly was unexpectedly prorogued, to meet after ten days, at Salem. The people of Boston, then the most flourishing commercial town on the continent, never regretted their being the principal object of ministerial vengeance. We shall suffer in a good cause, said the thousands who depended on their daily labor for bread; the righteous Being, who takes care of the ravens that cry unto him, will provide for us and ours.
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 4: (search)
e confirmed by the opinions of Burke and of Franklin. From the committee room in Faneuil Hall, Samuel Adams hastened to the general assembly, whose first act at Salem was a protest against the arbitrary order for its removal. The council, in making the customary reply to the governor's speech at the opening of the session, laidight of Boston, a town meeting was called for the following Friday. Samuel Adams received a summons to come and guide its debates; but a higher duty kept him at Salem. The legislative committee of nine appeared so tame, that Leonard returned to Taunton on business as a lawyer. Meantime, Samuel Adams had on one evening secretlyir zeal, so rapid their organization, that their provincial convention met at Annapolis on the twenty-second of June, and before any message had been received from Salem, they elected delegates to the congress. With a modesty worthy of their courage, they apologized to Virginia for moving in advance; pleading as their excuse the i
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 5: (search)
Chapter 5: Boston ministered to by the continent. June, July, 1774. the martyr town was borne up in its agony by mes- Chap. V.} 1774. June. sages of sympathy. From Marblehead came offers to the Boston merchants of the gratuitous use of its harbor, its wharfs, its warehouses, and of all necessary personal attendance in lading and unlading goods. Forty-eight persons were found in Salem, willing to entreat of Gage his patronage for the trade of that place; but a hundred and twenty-five of its merchants and freeholders addressed him in a spirit of disinterestedness, repelling the ungenerous thought of turning the course of trade from Boston. Nature, said they nobly, in the formation of our harbor, forbids our becoming rivals in commerce to that convenient mart. And were it otherwise, we must be lost to all the feelings of humanity, could we indulge one thought to seize on wealth and raise our fortunes on the ruin of our suffering neighbors. The governor, in his answe
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 9: (search)
the people. Gage began to show alarm. He looked about him for more troops; he recommended the repair of Crown Point; and a strong garrison at Ticonderoga; a well-guarded line of communication between New York and Canada. He himself came from Salem to support the chief justice in opening the court at Boston. On the same day began the term of the inferior court at Springfield. But early in the morning, fifteen hundred or two thousand men, with drums and trumpets, marched into that town, vernment, as established by act of parliament, perished in the Chap. IX.} 1774. Aug. presence of the governor, the judges, and the army. Gage summoned his council, but only to meet new discomfitures. Its members dared not show themselves at Salem, and he consented to their violating the act of parliament by meeting in Boston. Hutchinson, the son of the former governor, withdrew from the council. The few who retained their places advised unanimously to send no troops into the interior, b
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 10: (search)
d figure that men make against soldiers. Fox was misinformed. In the British camp in Boston, an apprehension at once prevailed of an invasion from armed multitudes. The guards were doubled; cannon were placed at the entrance of the town, and the troops lay on their arms through the night. Gage wrote home, that if the king would insist on reducing New England, a very respectable force should take the field. He already had five regiments at Boston, one more at the Castle, and another at Salem; two more he summoned hastily from Quebec; he sent transports to bring another from New York; he still required reinforcements from England, and he resolved also to raise irregulars, of one sort or other, in America. The sort of irregulars he had in his mind, he explained in a letter to Carleton, who was just then expected to arrive at Quebec from England. I ask your opinion, wrote he, what measures would be most efficacious to raise a body of Canadians and Indians, and for them to form a
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 12: (search)
ad been legally commissioned in May, intended to take their seats; their period of office was a year, and the king's good will was not the condition of their tenure. Against so clear a title the mandamus councillors would not dare to claim their places without a larger escort than they could receive. Gage was in a dilemma. On the twenty-eighth of September, by an anomalous proclamation, he neither dissolved nor prorogued the assembly which he himself had called, but declined to meet it at Salem, and discharged the representatives elect from their duty of attendance. Meantime, the continental committee on the rights of the colonies having been increased by one member from each of the three provinces, Virginia, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania, extended their searches to the statutes affecting industry and trade. But in a body whose members were collected from remote parts of the country, accustomed to no uniform rules, differing in their ideas and their forms of expression, distr
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 14: (search)
Oct. highest order of wisdom. For eloquence Patrick Henry was unrivalled; next to him, the elder Rutledge of South Carolina was the ablest in debate; but if you speak of solid information and sound judgment, said Patrick Henry, Washington is unquestionably the greatest man of them all. While the delegates of the twelve colonies were in session in Philadelphia, ninety of the members just elected to the Massachusetts assembly appeared on Wednesday the fifth of October at the court house in Salem. After waiting two days for the governor, they passed judgment on his unconstitutional proclamation against their meeting, and resolving themselves into a provincial congress, they adjourned to Concord. There, on Tuesday the eleventh, about two hundred and sixty members took their seats, and elected John Hancock their president. On the fourteenth they sent a message to the governor, that for want of a general assembly they had convened in Chap. XIV.} 1774. Oct. congress; and they remons
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 23: (search)
ams; this union among the colonies and warmth of affection can be attributed to nothing less than the agency of the Supreme Being. If we believe that he Chap. XXIII.} 1775. Feb. superintends and directs the affairs of empires, we have reason to expect the restoration and establishment of the public liberties. On Sunday, the twenty-sixth of February, two or three hundred soldiers, under the command of Leslie, sailed from Castle William, landed clandestinely at Marblehead, and hurried to Salem in quest of military stores. Not finding them there, the officer marched towards Danvers; but at the river, he found the bridge drawn up, and was kept waiting for an hour and a half, whilst the stores, insignificant in amount, were removed to a place of safety. Then having pledged his honor not to advance more than thirty yardson the other side, he was allowed to march his troops across the bridge. The alarm spread through the neighborhood; but Leslie hastily retraced his steps, and re-em
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition., Chapter 28: (search)
ap. XXVIII} 1775. April 19. flagged.— Below West Cambridge, the militia from Dorchester, Roxbury, and Brookline came up. Of these, Isaac Gardner of the latter place, one on whom the colony rested many hopes, fell about a mile west of Harvard college. The field pieces began to lose their terror, so that the Americans pressed upon the rear of the fugitives, whose retreat could not become more precipitate. Had it been delayed a half hour longer, or had Pickering with his fine regiment from Salem and Marblehead been alert enough to have intercepted them in front, it was thought that, worn down as they were by fatigue and exhausted of ammunition, they must have surrendered. But a little after sunset, the survivors escaped across Charlestown neck. The troops of Percy had marched thirty miles in ten hours; the party of Smith, in six hours, had retreated twenty miles; the guns of the ships of war and a menace to burn the town of Charlestown saved them from annoyance during their rest