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Fort George (Canada) (search for this): chapter 27
he want of hard money to support themselves with honor, they were distressed for provisions; that they were incapable of exact discipline, because sent for short periods of service; that, always too few in numbers, they were disheartened and wasted by the small pox; and they wrote: We report it as our firm and unanimous opinion, that it is better immediately to withdraw the army from Canada, and fortify the passes on the lakes. They even wished that Sullivan's brigade might be stopped at Fort George. But the continental congress, which had summoned Washington to Philadelphia for consultation on the defence of the middle colonies, reasoned differently on learning the retreat from Quebec. It considered the loss of Canada as exposing the frontiers of New York and New England not to Indians only but to the ravages of the British; it therefore enjoined Thomas to display his military qualities and acquire laurels. Of hard money it sent forward all that was in its treasury; which was n
Montreal (Canada) (search for this): chapter 27
not suffice. The chief command devolved on Wooster, who was at Montreal; and he wrote in every direction for Chap LXVII.} 1776. Jan. to Mnd by the middle of March no more than fifteen hundred had reached Montreal. The royalists in Canada began to cry victory, and were bolder th regain the country. Arnold, at his own solicitation, withdrew to Montreal. The regiments, sent forward to Canada, arrived at Albany in a LXVII.} 1776. May. dars. This pass was but fifteen leagues above Montreal; and Thomas, at Sorel, was but as many leagues distant below. Td under pretence of soliciting a reenforcement. On his arrival at Montreal, Arnold on the sixteenth detached Major HenrySherburne of Rhode Isred some of the prisoners. In this manner the British drew near Montreal from the west. From the lower side news came, that Thomas had bee Arnold with his little garrison of three hundred men remained at Montreal till the enemy were at twelve miles' distance from him, and having
Halifax (Canada) (search for this): chapter 27
Deschambault Thomas again held a council of war, and by a vote of twelve to three, it was carried that the half-starved army should not attempt to make a stand below Sorel. The English who were in pursuit, less forbearing towards French insurgents thantowards colonists of the same stock with themselves, carried the torch in their hands to burn the houses of those who had befriended the rebels. On the eighth the ship of war Niger and three transports with the forty seventh regiment from Halifax, on the tenth the Triton with more transports and troops, came in, and others continued to arrive. At the same time Sir John Johnson, whom Schuyler had left free on his parole, stirred up an attack by regulars, Canadians, and Indians from the northwest. To guard against this new danger, Arnold stationed Bedell of New Hampshire with about four hundred men and two cannon at the narrow pass of the Ce- Chap. LXVII.} 1776. May. dars. This pass was but fifteen leagues above Montreal; and Th
La Prairie (Canada) (search for this): chapter 27
even to a spade. The guard at Bertier retreated by Chap. LXVII.} 1776. June. land, leaving nine boats behind. At Chambly all the boats and baggage were brought over the rapids, except three heavy pieces of cannon. Arnold with his little garrison of three hundred men remained at Montreal till the enemy were at twelve miles' distance from him, and having, under the plea of instructions from Schuyler, seized such parcels of goods as could be serviceable to the army, crossed safely to La Prairie. All that was left of the invading army met on the seventeenth at St. John's; one half of them being sick, almost all destitute of clothing, and having no provisions except salt pork and flour. On the eighteenth the emaciated, half naked men, broken in strength and in discipline, too weak to have beaten off an assault from the enemy, as pitiable a spectacle as could be seen, removed to Isle aux Noix, where Sullivan proposed to await express orders from Schuyler. They were languidly purs
Quebec (Canada) (search for this): chapter 27
s to be at home. There remained encamped near Quebec rather than besieging it, about four hundred Acongress. When a friend wished he might enter Quebec through its gates, Not so, but over its walls,s paid his men in hard money, when those round Quebec got only paper; and sometimes granted a furlouooster took command Apr. of the troops round Quebec. The garrison laughed Chap. LXVII.} 1776. Aponfided in Montgomery and given him aid before Quebec, now only waited an opportunity to rise again the departure of four battalions destined for Quebec, as a week, a day, even an hour might prove de in continuing the war. Thomas arrived near Quebec on the first of May, and employed the next thro late; that same evening ships arrived before Quebec. Early on the sixth, the Surprise frigate, thsoned differently on learning the retreat from Quebec. It considered the loss of Canada as exposingtroops under Riedesel arrived with Burgoyne at Quebec, and, with the regiments from Ireland and othe[8 more...]
Wooster (Ohio, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
e release of them all, except four captains who were retained as hostages, by promising the return of an equal number of British prisoners. The engagement led to mutual criminations; the Americans preferred a counter claim for the punishment of those who had massacred some of the prisoners. In this manner the British drew near Montreal from the west. From the lower side news came, that Thomas had been seized by the small pox. But the commissioners, in their contempt for the capacity of Wooster, would not suffer him to resume the command; and thought the best service he could render the cause would be to return home. At the end of May confusion prevailed in every department of the army. There could be no discipline among soldiers enlisted only for a year, or a shorter term; some only for two months; the troops lived from hand to mouth, often for days without meat, levying contributions of meal; the scattered army did not exceed four thousand men, three fourths of whom had never
Montgomery (Alabama, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
dit had no currency; money, he reiterated, we must have or give up every thing; if we are not immediately supplied with hard cash, we must starve, quit the country, or lay it under contribution. Wherever among the colonies the news spread of Montgomery's fall, there was one general burst of sorrow, and a burning desire to retrieve his defeat. Washington overcame his scruples about initiating measures, and without waiting to consult congress, recommended to Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Arnold, at his own solicitation, withdrew to Montreal. The regiments, sent forward to Canada, arrived at Albany in a very incomplete state, and were further thinned on the march by sickness and desertion. The Canadians who had confided in Montgomery and given him aid before Quebec, now only waited an opportunity to rise against the Americans. The Chap. LXVII.} 1776. Apr. country was outraged by the arbitrariness of the military occupation; the peasantry had been forced to furnish wood a
Rhode Island (Rhode Island, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
ld draw; besides, the campaign in Canada was decided, before its votes were made known. The detachment from Detroit under Captain Forster, composed of forty of the eighth regiment, a hundred Canadians, and several hundred Indians, from the Northwest, appeared in sight of the Cedars. Bedell, its commander, committing the fort to Major Butterfield, deserted under pretence of soliciting a reenforcement. On his arrival at Montreal, Arnold on the sixteenth detached Major HenrySherburne of Rhode Island with one hundred and forty men to relieve the fort; but before he could make his way through the enemy to the Cedars, Butterfield, on the nineteenth, though he had two field-pieces and sufficient ammunition and officers and men willing to defend the post, cowered like a craven under a dread of the Indians, and after sustaining no other attack than from musketry, surrendered himself and his garrison prisoners at discretion. The next day, as Sherburne, ignorant of the surrender, came to
New Jersey (New Jersey, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
shington overcame his scruples about initiating measures, and without waiting to consult congress, recommended to Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Hampshire, each to raise and send forward a regiment on behalf of the continent; and the three colonies eagerly met his call, for the annexation of Canada was then their passion. The continental congress specially encouraged western New Hampshire to complete a regiment for the service; and ordered one regiment from Philadelphia, another from New Jersey to march for the St. Lawrence without delay. These were to be soon followed by four or five more. In the first moments of the excitement the summons was obeyed; citizens became soldiers, left the comforts of home with alacrity, and undertook a march of many hundred miles, to a country in that rigorous season almost uninhabitable, through snow and Chap. LXVII.} 1776. Jan. to Mar. over frozen lakes, without tents, or any shelter from the inclemency of the weather. Their unanimity, the
St. Clair, Mich. (Michigan, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
er of being cut off and utterly destroyed. The death of Thomas on the second, left the command to Sullivan. Arriving with his party at Sorel on the fifth, he assumed it with the misplaced confidence and ostentation of inexperience. In a few days, said he, I can reduce the army to order, and put a new face upon our affairs here. A council of war resolved on an attempt against the enemy at Three Rivers; a party of about fifteen hundred, mostly Pennsylvanians, including the regiments of St. Clair, Wayne, and Irvine, was placed for that purpose under the command of Thompson. I am determined, wrote Sullivan to Washington, to hold the most important posts as long as one stone is left upon another. At one o'clock in the morning of the seventh, Thompson and his party arrived at St. Clair's station on the Nicolet; lay hid in the woods on its bank during the day; and in the evening crossed the St. Lawrence, intending a surprise on a party, which was not supposed to exceed four hundred.
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