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Lonstreet (search for this): chapter 1.2
stant-Adjutant General. To Colonel J. B. Walton. On the 23d June, 1863, General Longstreet directed to Col. J. B. Walton, Chief of Artillery First corps, commanding, the following, as the order of march for Hlagerstown via Berryville: 1st. Pickett's division. 2d. Walton's Reserve Artillery (Alexander and Washington Artillery). 3d. Hood's division. 4th. McLaws' division. During the march to Hagerstown, Md., and thence to Gettysburg, all orders from General Lee or General Lonstreet were communicated to me officially as Chief of Artillery, First corns. On the night of the 30th June, I encamped near Greenwood, on the road to Gettysburg, with the two battalions composing the reserve artillery of the artillery of the First corps of the army-Alexander's battalion and the Washington Artillery. It had rained all day in torrents, greatly impeding our progress, and in consequence, the two battalions were not as well advanced as they otherwise would have been. We rema
Reynolds (search for this): chapter 1.2
d to prevent his further progress in that direction by concentrating our army on the east side of the mountains. On the morning of the 1st General Lee and myself left his headquarters together, and had ridden three or four miles when we heard heavy firing along Hill's front. The firing became so heavy that General Lee left me and hurried forward to see what it meant. After attending to some details of my march, I followed. The firing proceeded from the engagement between our advance and Reynolds' corps, in which the Federals were repulsed. This rencontre was totally unexpected on both sides. As an evidence of the doubt in which General Lee was enveloped, and the anxiety that weighed him down during the afternoon, I quote from General R. H. Anderson the report of a conversation had with him during the engagement. General Anderson was resting with his division at Cashtown, awaiting orders. About 10 o'clock in the morning he received a message notifying him that General Lee desire
W. D. Whiting (search for this): chapter 1.2
been wounded, and that I must take command of the division and advance, if I saw a good opportunity for doing so. At that time the firing on the right was very desultory — the heavy fighting having ended. I was soon afterwards informed by Major Whiting, of General Rodes' staff, that General Rodes would advance at dark, and that he wished me to protect his flank. I did not give him a definite answer then as I had sent you to notify General Hill of General Pender's fall, and to receive instructions. On being notified, however, by General Ewell, that his whole command would move on the enemy's position that night, commencing with Johnson's division on the left, I told Major Whiting that I would act without awaiting instructions from General Hill. I at once ordered forward Thomas' brigade and McGowan's, (then commanded by Col. Perrin,) to form an obtuse angle with Ramseur's brigade, which was the right of Rodes' first line, leaving an interval of one hundred paces. I, at the same
Mahone (search for this): chapter 1.2
in the attack there, following up as near as possible the direction of the Emmetsburg road. My corps occupied our right, with Hood on our extreme right and McLaws next. Hill's corps was next to mine, in front of the Federal centre, and Ewell was on our extreme left. My corps, with Pickett's division absent, numbered hardly 13,000 men. I realized that the fight was to be a fearful one; but being assured that my flank would be protected by the brigades of Wilcox, Perry, Wright, Posey, and Mahone moving en echelon, and that Ewell was to co-operate by a direct attack on the enemy's right, and Hill to threaten his centre and attack if opportunity offered and thus prevent reinforcements from being launched either against myself or Ewell, it seemed that we might possibly dislodge the great army in front of us. At half-past 3 o'clock the order was given General Hood to advance upon the enemy, and, hurrying to the head of McLaw's divison, I moved with his line. Then was fairly commenced w
Rodes (search for this): chapter 1.2
ht on the 2d of July: General Ewell had directed General Rodes to attack in concert with Early, covering his riing Pender's division, to co-operate on the right of Rodes. General Lane was prepared to give the assistance required of him, and so informed General Rodes; but the latter deemed it useless to advance after the failure oas soon afterwards informed by Major Whiting, of General Rodes' staff, that General Rodes would advance at darkGeneral Rodes would advance at dark, and that he wished me to protect his flank. I did not give him a definite answer then as I had sent you to nangle with Ramseur's brigade, which was the right of Rodes' first line, leaving an interval of one hundred paceStarke, corresponding with what I had already done. Rodes' right advanced but a short distance beyond the roadkirmishers, when the night attack was abandoned, and Rodes' front line occupied the road-Thomas and Perrin exteiles and out of Gettysburg, without hesitation. General Rodes now occupies the town. The enemy's loss in pris
Hoke (search for this): chapter 1.2
ight, and had requested Brigadier-General Lane, then commanding Pender's division, to co-operate on the right of Rodes. General Lane was prepared to give the assistance required of him, and so informed General Rodes; but the latter deemed it useless to advance after the failure of Early's attack. And further: In this engagement our loss in men and officers was large. Major-Generals Hood and Pender, Brigadier-Generals Jones, Semmes, G. T. Anderson, and Barksdale, and Col. Avery (commanding Hoke's brigade) were wounded, the last two mortally. Generals Pender and Semmes died after their removal to Virginia. In his Memorandum (August No., 1877, of the Southern Historical Society Papers), Colonel Walter H. Taylor, in speaking of the fight on the 3d of July, says: Had Hood and McLaws followed or supported Pickett, and Pettigrew and Anderson have been advanced, the design of the Comn manding-General would have been carried out — the world would not be so at a loss to understand what w
Ramseur (search for this): chapter 1.2
him a definite answer then as I had sent you to notify General Hill of General Pender's fall, and to receive instructions. On being notified, however, by General Ewell, that his whole command would move on the enemy's position that night, commencing with Johnson's division on the left, I told Major Whiting that I would act without awaiting instructions from General Hill. I at once ordered forward Thomas' brigade and McGowan's, (then commanded by Col. Perrin,) to form an obtuse angle with Ramseur's brigade, which was the right of Rodes' first line, leaving an interval of one hundred paces. I, at the same time, determined to support these two brigades with Scales' and my own, commanded respectively by Colonels Lowrance and Avery, should there be any occasion for it. I subsequently received orders from General Hill, through Capt. Starke, corresponding with what I had already done. Rodes' right advanced but a short distance beyond the road which was held by my skirmishers, when the
Stonewall Jackson (search for this): chapter 1.2
he Federal General to attempt to drive us out. I recalled to him the battle of Fredericksburg as an instance of a defensive battle, when, with a few thousand men, we hurled the whole Federal army back, crippling and demoralizing it, with trifling loss to our own troops; and Chancellorsville as an instance of an offensive battle, where we dislodged the Federals, it is true, but at such a terrible sacrifice that half a dozen such victories would have ruined us. It will be remembered that Stonewall Jackson once said that we sometimes fail to drive the enemy from a position; they always fail to drive us. I reminded him, too, of Napoleon's advice to Marmont, to whom he said, when putting him at the head of an invading army, Select your ground and make your enemy attack you. I recall these points simply because I desire to have it distinctly understood that, while I first suggested to General Lee the idea of an offensive campaign, I was never persuaded to yield my argument against the Get
Barry (search for this): chapter 1.2
g our whole front, under Lieutenant Crowell of the Twenty-eighth, with instructions not to fire until the enemy got close upon him, and to fall back gradually when he saw the main line retiring towards the river. The Eighteenth regiment, under Col. Barry, was deployed to the right as skirmishers, and Colonel Avery had supervision of the right wing, so as to enable me to be apprised of the movements of the enemy more readily. As soon as the other brigades withdrew a large force moved to our rigventh, refers to his heavy loss as sufficient evidence of the gallantry of his command. The loss of such officers as Lieutenants D)ohertv, Royster, Jno. P. Elms, and W. N. Michle, who nobly discharged their duties, will be seriously felt. Colonel Barry, of the Eighteenth, is proud of his command, which acted throughout the campaign in a manner satisfactory to him and creditable to themselves. Colonel Lowe, of the Twenty-eight, was wounded and had to leave, but Lieutenant-Colonel Speer sp
E. W. Robertson (search for this): chapter 1.2
ke, and retired to a captured battery near the swale between the tw6 ridges, where he halted, and when ordered to retire to the new line a second time, he did so under protest. The troops engaged with me in the fight of the 2d were mostly Georgians, as follows: The four Georgia brigades of Generals Benning, Anderson, Wofford and Semmes, General Kershaw's South Carolina brigade, General Laws' Alabama brigade, General Barksdale's (afterward General Humphrey's) Mississippi brigade, and General Robertson's Texas brigade. Our men had no thought of retreat. They broke every line they encountered. When the order to withdraw was given a courier was sent to General Lee informing him of the result of the day's work. Before pursuing this narrative further, I shall say a word or two concerning this assault. I am satisfied that my force, numbering hardly 13,000 men, encountered during that three and a half hours of bloody work not less than 65,000 of the Federals, and yet their charge was
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