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William N. Grier (search for this): chapter 7.44
wing had then disappeared from the top of the hill. You then rode off to a battery further to the left, where Rush's Lancers had been ordered. The 5th Cavalry soon charged, and I saw no more of them. You had ordered me to support them; there was a warm fire, and the smoke and dust made everything obscure. I saw none of the 5th, after it was broken, pass through the battery, which was very near. It was soon forced to retire, and was followed by the 1st in its rear. Finally, General William N. Grier, United States Army, wrote me, July 19th, 1879: The reserve was stationed on the hill, . . . in full view of the slopes of the hill, down to the timber through which the enemy debouched in large numbers. The United States batteries were on the slope of the hill, a little to our right front. You ordered the 5th to make a charge, directing me to make a second charge after the 5th would rally. I never saw that regiment again on that day, after it was enveloped in a cloud of dust
James H. Cooper (search for this): chapter 7.44
uses. Here I will give the account of the loss of whole batteries: General Truman Seymour reports, p. 402, of Captain Easton, This gallant gentleman fell and his battery was lost with him. Captain Mark Kerns was wounded, but loaded and fired the last shots himself, and brought four of the guns off the field. Of another battery he reports, No efforts could now repel the rush of a successful foe, under whose fire rider and horse went down, and guns lay immovable on the field. Captain J. H. Cooper, Battery B, 1st Pennsylvania Artillery, reports, p. 410: The remaining infantry falling back, we were compelled to retire from our guns. The charge being too sudden and overpowering, it was impossible to remove them, many of the horses being killed by the enemy's fire. Was General Porter prevented from bringing off all these guns by the cavalry charge? General Porter says, p. 322: Just preceding this break (in Morell's line) I saw cavalry, which I recognized as ours, r
William (search for this): chapter 7.44
Major-General Wesley Merritt, colonel Fifth Cavalry, superintendent United States Military Academy, writes me, April 8th, 1885: The cavalry remained, with you in immediate command, on that portion of the field, until after midnight on the 27th of June, 1862. It provided litter-bearers and lantern-bearers for our surgeons who went over the field of battle, succoring and attending the wounded. . . . The cavalry was the last force to leave the field and to cross the Chickahominy, Major William It. Powell, of the 4th Regular Infantry, wrote to the Editors on September 8th, 1885: Probably not much credit attaches to the particular organized force which was the last to cross the Chickahominy River after the battle of Gaines's Mill; but in order to settle the question I desire to state that the cavalry was not the last to cross the river — even if they did leave at the time General Merritt states. The 4th United States Infantry was the last organization which crossed, and that re
Official Records (search for this): chapter 7.44
his cavalry was not used to cover our retreat or gather the stragglers, but was peremptorily ordered to cross to the south bank of the river. [Footnote: See Official Records, Vol. XI., Part II., pp. 43, 223, 273, 282.--F. J. P. ] To silence forever the injurious statements and insinuation of the last sentence, I give here evbring off all our guns in an orderly retreat. Captain W. C. Weeden, commanding Battery C, 1st Rhode Island Artillery, reports, Vol. XI., Pt. II., p. 282, Official Records, the loss of a section by stress of the enemy's attacks; the two other sections held in support in rear of Griffin's brigade opened fire; The smoke had fillek. And that was just when the cavalry did go in and give confidence to the three batteries on the left, and the saving work was done. I have examined the Official Records and found reports of about twenty batteries engaged in the battle, and the above is the only mention of the cavalry fugitives to be found in them; their loss
George.Philip St. George (search for this): chapter 7.44
The charge of Cooke's cavalry at Gaines's Mill. by Philip St. George Cooke, Brevet Major-General, U. S. A. In The century for June, 1885, there is an article on the battle of Gaines's Mill, signed by Fitz John Porter, in which appear singular errors of statement regarding the action of the Cavalry reserve, affecting also the conduct and reputation of its commander. He says [see p. 340 of the present volume]: We lost in all twenty-two cannon; some of these broke down while we were withdrawing, and some ran off the bridges at night while we were crossing to the south bank of the Chickahominy. The loss of the guns was due to the fact that some of Cooke's cavalry, which had been directed to be kept, under all circumstances, in the valley of the Chickahominy, had been sent to resist an attack of the enemy upon our left. The charge, executed in the face of a withering fire of infantry and in the midst of our heavy cannonading as well as that of the enemy, resulted, as should ha
Philip St. George Cooke (search for this): chapter 7.44
The charge of Cooke's cavalry at Gaines's Mill. by Philip St. George Cooke, Brevet Major-General, U. S. A. In The century for June, 1885, there is an article on the battle of Gaines's Mill, sigCooke, Brevet Major-General, U. S. A. In The century for June, 1885, there is an article on the battle of Gaines's Mill, signed by Fitz John Porter, in which appear singular errors of statement regarding the action of the Cavalry reserve, affecting also the conduct and reputation of its commander. He says [see p. 340 of ng to the south bank of the Chickahominy. The loss of the guns was due to the fact that some of Cooke's cavalry, which had been directed to be kept, under all circumstances, in the valley of the Chiroken and was fast disappearing before the first advance of the cavalry. Again he says: General Cooke was instructed to take position, with cavalry, under the hills in the valley of the Chickahont that the projectiles striking the ground raise a permanent cloud of dust. At that moment General Cooke charged at the head of his calvary; but that movement does not succeed, and his horsemen on
James Longstreet (search for this): chapter 7.44
strange, to military ears, would sound an order to intercept, gather, and hold all stragglers on the extreme front and flank!--and the warning not to pass in front of our line on the left! Such extravagance of action — marching, with no earthly object, between two lines of fire — is seldom thus forestalled! Seriously, this passes the bounds of sanity. But it is emphasized by his map, which represents my cavalry as actually making a flank march between the lines of battle,--Morell's and Longstreet's. It seems necessary to add the statements of eye-witnesses, from different points of view,--men of well-known high character,--to corroborate my assertions and my corrections of the misrepresentations of the part played by the cavalry and myself in the battle, as found in The century article. Next morning, at Savage's Station, the Prince de Joinville approached me with both hands extended, saying with empressement, I saw you make your charge yesterday ; and next day he wrote to the
September 8th, 1885 AD (search for this): chapter 7.44
Military Academy, writes me, April 8th, 1885: The cavalry remained, with you in immediate command, on that portion of the field, until after midnight on the 27th of June, 1862. It provided litter-bearers and lantern-bearers for our surgeons who went over the field of battle, succoring and attending the wounded. . . . The cavalry was the last force to leave the field and to cross the Chickahominy, Major William It. Powell, of the 4th Regular Infantry, wrote to the Editors on September 8th, 1885: Probably not much credit attaches to the particular organized force which was the last to cross the Chickahominy River after the battle of Gaines's Mill; but in order to settle the question I desire to state that the cavalry was not the last to cross the river — even if they did leave at the time General Merritt states. The 4th United States Infantry was the last organization which crossed, and that regiment passed over about two hours after daylight on the morning of the 28th, and
June 27th, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 7.44
r-General Wesley Merritt, colonel Fifth Cavalry, superintendent United States Military Academy, writes me, April 8th, 1885: The cavalry remained, with you in immediate command, on that portion of the field, until after midnight on the 27th of June, 1862. It provided litter-bearers and lantern-bearers for our surgeons who went over the field of battle, succoring and attending the wounded. . . . The cavalry was the last force to leave the field and to cross the Chickahominy, Major Williawas not driven from his front, but the charge of your cavalry did stop the advance of the enemy, and this enabled Porter's troops to get off the field. I am by no means alone in the belief that the charge of the cavalry at Gaines's Mill, on June 27th, 1862, saved Fitz John Porter's corps from destruction. . . . You did not direct your command at once to cross the river. There were no frightened men in your vicinity. All the frightened men were far to your right; you could not have reached th
28th (search for this): chapter 7.44
eptember 8th, 1885: Probably not much credit attaches to the particular organized force which was the last to cross the Chickahominy River after the battle of Gaines's Mill; but in order to settle the question I desire to state that the cavalry was not the last to cross the river — even if they did leave at the time General Merritt states. The 4th United States Infantry was the last organization which crossed, and that regiment passed over about two hours after daylight on the morning of the 28th, and a bridge had to be partly relaid to enable it to do so. This regiment was posted on the extreme right flank of the army at the battle of Gaines's Mill, and was ordered to support Weed's battery. Weed was afterward reenforced by Tidball's battery, and the 4th Infantry held its position from the commencement of the engagement (about 11 A. M.) until twilight of the 27th, without receiving an order or stirring from its position until Weed reported that he had no more ammunition, and retired
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