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ved his infantry to Port Republic, I would have been compelled to retire through Brown's Gap, to get provisions and forage, and it would have been impossible for me to return to the valley until he evacuated the upper part of it.--J. A. E. On the 5th Rosser's brigade arrived, but it did not exceed six hundred mounted men for duty when it joined me. Kershaw's division numbered 2700 muskets for duty, and he had brought with him Cutshaw's battalion of artillery. These reenforcements Lieutenant-General John B. Gordon, C. S. A. From a photograph. about made up my losses at Winchester and Fisher's Hill, and I determined to attack the enemy in his position at Harrisonburg, and for that purpose made a reconnoissance on the 5th, but on the morning of the 6th it was discovered that he had retired during the night down the valley. While Sheridan's forces were near Harrisonburg, and mine were watching them, three of our cavalry scouts, ill their uniforms and with arms, got around his li
er escaped. For this act Sheridan ordered the town of Dayton to be burned, but for some reason that order was countermanded and another substituted for burning a large number of private houses in the neighborhood, which was executed, thus inflicting on non-combatants and women and children a most wanton and cruel punishment for a justifiable act of war.--J. A. E. When it was discovered that the enemy was retiring, I moved forward at once and arrived at New Market with my infantry on the 7th. Rosser pushed forward on the back and middle roads in pursuit of the enemy's cavalry, which was engaged in burning houses, mills, barns, and stacks of wheat and hay, and had several skirmishes with it, while Lomax also moved forward on the valley pike and the roads east of it. I halted at New Market with the infantry, but Rosser and Lomax moved down the valley in pursuit, and skirmished successfully with the enemy's cavalry on the 8th; but on the 9th they encountered his whole cavalry force
t once and arrived at New Market with my infantry on the 7th. Rosser pushed forward on the back and middle roads in pursuit of the enemy's cavalry, which was engaged in burning houses, mills, barns, and stacks of wheat and hay, and had several skirmishes with it, while Lomax also moved forward on the valley pike and the roads east of it. I halted at New Market with the infantry, but Rosser and Lomax moved down the valley in pursuit, and skirmished successfully with the enemy's cavalry on the 8th; but on the 9th they encountered his whole cavalry force at Tom's Brook, in rear of Fisher's Hill, and both of their commands were driven back in considerable confusion, with a loss of some pieces of artillery; nine were reported to me as the number lost, but Grant claims eleven. Having heard that Sheridan was preparing to send part of his troops to Grant, I moved down the valley again on the 12th. On the morning of the 13th we reached Fisher's Hill, and there remained until the 16th. Th
moved down the valley in pursuit, and skirmished successfully with the enemy's cavalry on the 8th; but on the 9th they encountered his whole cavalry force at Tom's Brook, in rear of Fisher's Hill, and both of their commands were driven back in considerable confusion, with a loss of some pieces of artillery; nine were reported to me as the number lost, but Grant claims eleven. Having heard that Sheridan was preparing to send part of his troops to Grant, I moved down the valley again on the 12th. On the morning of the 13th we reached Fisher's Hill, and there remained until the 16th. The enemy was found posted on the north bank of Cedar Creek, in a very strong position and in strong force. I was now compelled to move back for want of provisions and forage, or attack the enemy in his position with the hope of driving him from it, and I determined to attack. General Gordon and Captain Jed. Hotchkiss, my topographical engineer, were sent to the signal station on the end of Massanutte
rapidity, and thereby keep up the impression that they were much larger than they really were. The events of the last month had satisfied me that the commander opposed to me was without enterprise, and possessed an excessive caution which amounted to timidity. Having been informed that a force was at work on the railroad at Martinsburg, I moved on the afternoon of the 17th of September, with Rodes's and Gordon's divisions and Braxton's artillery, to Bunker Hill, and on the morning of the 18th, with Gordon's division and a part of the artillery, to Martinsburg, preceded by a part of Lomax's cavalry. Averell's division of cavalry was driven from the town across the Opequon in the direction of Charlestown, and we then returned to Bunker Hill. Gordon was left at Bunker Hill, with orders to move to Stephenson's Depot by sunrise next morning, and Rodes's division moved to the latter place that night, to which I also returned. At Martinsburg, where the enemy had a telegraph office, I
very small body of the enemy's cavalry capturing them. The greater part of the infantry was halted at Fisher's Hill, and Rosser, whose command had retired in good order on the back road, was ordered to that point with his cavalry. The infantry moved back toward New Market at three o'clock next morning, and Rosser was left at Fisher's Hill to cover the retreat of the troops, and hold that position until they were beyond pursuit. He remained at Fisher's Hill until after ten o'clock on the 20th, and the enemy did not advance to that place while he was there. He then fell back without molestation to his former position, and established his line on Stony Creek, across from Columbia Furnace to Edinburg, seven miles below Mount Jackson. My other troops were halted at New Market, about seven miles from Mount Jackson, and there was an entirely open country between the two places, they being very nearly in sight of each other. Grant says in his account of the battle of Cedar Creek: Th
alry loss of Early, his total losses in the two battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill were about 5300, and those of Sheridan in the same two battles were 749 killed, 4440 wounded, and 357 captured or missing == 5546. In the two battles Sheridan captured twenty-one guns.--editors. We moved up the valley during the succeeding days, followed by the enemy,Wickham,with his own and Payne's brigades, having detained the enemy at Millford Pass until we had passed New Market in safety. On the 25th, between Port Republic and Brown's Gap, Fitz Lee's and Lomax's cavalry joined us, and on the 26th Kershaw's division with Cutshaw's battalion of artillery came up, after having crossed through Swift Run Gap, and encountered and repulsed, below Port Republic, a body of the enemy's cavalry. There was likewise heavy skirmishing on my front on the 26th with the enemy's cavalry, which made two efforts to advance toward Brown's Gap, both of which were repulsed after brisk fighting in which artille
to this battle, I can but attribute my escape from utter annihilation to the incapacity of my opponent. The battle of Winchester, or of the Opequon, as General Sheridan calls it, was fought September 19th. The strength of Early's infantry August 31st, exclusive of Kershaw (who was not engaged at Winchester), as shown by the abstract from monthly returns, was as follows: Present for duty, 1076 officers and 9570 men,--aggregate present for duty, 10,646. Fitz Lee's (cavalry) strength on July 10th was 115 officers and 1591 men; but it had probably been decreased by over two months of hard service, and General Early's Memoir gives its number of mounted men on September 19th as about 1200, and also the mounted men of Lomax as about 1700. To the artillery are ascribed on September 10th, in the best available returns, 39 officers and 818 men. Taking the official figures for the infantry, General Early's figures for the cavalry, and the indicated returns for the artillery, the total pre
tton for the Virginia Memorial association, 1867); here printed by permission of the author.--editors. by Jubal A. Early, Lieutenant-General, C. S. A. The object of my presence in the lower valley during the two months after our return from Washington The chief events of these two months, as described by General Early in his Memoir, to which readers are referred for much that is here necessarily omitted or summarized, were his defeat of Crook and Averell with heavy loss at Kernstown, July 24th; his cavalry expedition under McCausland into Pennsylvania and burning of Chambersburg in retaliation for Hunter's burning of houses in the valley; Averell's surprise and defeat of McCausland's and Bradley Johnson's cavalry at Moorefield, August 7th; Sheridan's arrival in command with large reenforcements, August 7th, which necessitated Early's withdrawal to Fisher's Hill, when Sheridan advanced; Sheridan's withdrawal in turn to Halltown, near Harper's Ferry when General Early received at
24th; his cavalry expedition under McCausland into Pennsylvania and burning of Chambersburg in retaliation for Hunter's burning of houses in the valley; Averell's surprise and defeat of McCausland's and Bradley Johnson's cavalry at Moorefield, August 7th; Sheridan's arrival in command with large reenforcements, August 7th, which necessitated Early's withdrawal to Fisher's Hill, when Sheridan advanced; Sheridan's withdrawal in turn to Halltown, near Harper's Ferry when General Early received at August 7th, which necessitated Early's withdrawal to Fisher's Hill, when Sheridan advanced; Sheridan's withdrawal in turn to Halltown, near Harper's Ferry when General Early received at Strasburg reenforcements of Kershaw's division of infantry and Fitz Lee's of cavalry; finally, General Early's stay of a month, from August 17th to September 17th, in the lower valley, at and near Winchester, keeping the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the canal obstructed, and threatening Maryland and Pennsylvania.--editors was to keep up a threatening attitude toward Maryland and Pennsylvania, and prevent the use of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, as well as
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