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1st (search for this): chapter 13
1864. and thereby created a vacant major-generalship in the regular army, the victor in the Shenandoah Valley was substantially rewarded by a commission to fill his place. The writer, with friends already mentioned (Messrs. Buckingham and Young), visited the theater of Sheridan's exploits in the Shenandoah Valley, from the Opequan and Winchester to Fisher's Hill, early in October, 1866. See page 400, volume II. We left Gettysburg in a carriage, for Harper's Ferry, on the morning of the first, and followed the line of march of the corps of Howard and Sickles, when moving northward from Frederick, in the summer of 1863. See page 59. We passed through the picturesque region into which the road to Emmettsburg led us, with the South Mountain range on our right, dined at Creagerstown, twenty miles from Gettysburg, and rode through Frederick toward evening, stopping only long enough to make the sketch of Barbara Freitchie's house. See page 466, volume II. Then we passed along the
3rd (search for this): chapter 13
of special interest, See page 475, volume II. and after a late dinner, went down the Antietam Valley to the Potomac, at the mouth of the Antietam Creek. Then we passed over the rugged hills west of Maryland Heights, and descending through gorges, passed along the margin of the river at the base of that historical eminence at twilight, and at dark reached Harper's Ferry. Having visited places of interest at and around Harper's Ferry, we left that picturesque place in the afternoon of the 3d, for Winchester, where we arrived in time to ramble over the hills and among the fortifications on the northern side of the town, before nightfall. We spent the following morning in visiting Kernstown, and places of interest in the city of Winchester; Among these were the quarters of different commanders during the war. Sheridan and Milroy occupied Mr. Logan's house (see page 366). Banks's was at the house of George Seavers, on Water Street. Stonewall Jackson occupied the house of Colonel
6th (search for this): chapter 13
pended railroad communication with Harper's Ferry. The river covered the entire front of the position, making it very strong. That position was on commanding heights, while the ground on the other side of the river was low. On the evening of the 6th, all of his effective men that could be spared from watching the railways leading into Baltimore from the north, which the Confederates were evidently trying to seize, were gathered at the appointed rendezvous, under Tyler. These were composed ed the Confederates, and drove them back to the mountains. Meanwhile, General Grant, aware of the peril that threatened the Capital, ordered the Sixth Corps to Washington. The advance division, under General Ricketts, arrived there late on the 6th, July. and were sent to Baltimore that night, with orders to push on to the Monocacy River as quickly as possible. Informed of the fact that veterans were coming, Wallace ordered Tyler to Frederick; and when, at dawn on the 8th, a portion of Ric
8th (search for this): chapter 13
o'clock Gilpin charged the Confederates, and drove them back to the mountains. Meanwhile, General Grant, aware of the peril that threatened the Capital, ordered the Sixth Corps to Washington. The advance division, under General Ricketts, arrived there late on the 6th, July. and were sent to Baltimore that night, with orders to push on to the Monocacy River as quickly as possible. Informed of the fact that veterans were coming, Wallace ordered Tyler to Frederick; and when, at dawn on the 8th, a portion of Ricketts's (First) brigade, under Colonel Henry, reached the Monocacy, they, too, were sent to join Tyler. At that time the wildest rumors filled the air of the force and position of the Confederates. Wallace was soon satisfied that the defense of Frederick was a secondary consideration, for news reached him that the invaders were pressing toward the Washington turnpike in heavy column, and were threatening his line of retreat. Impressed with the belief that Washington City w
9th (search for this): chapter 13
etreat. Impressed with the belief that Washington City was their chief objective, and knowing it to be without sufficient troops to defend it against the reported strength ,of the invaders, Wallace determined to throw his little army across their path, and, if possible, keep them at bay until succor should reach the Capital. So he withdrew his troops from Frederick to his chosen position on the Monocacy, where he found a greater portion of Ricketts's division. Early on the morning of the 9th, Wallace made dispositions for battle. His right, under Tyler, covered the railway and the Baltimore pike, and Ricketts held the Washington pike, on the left, where the main attack was expected. Each had three guns. Colonel Brown, with his command and the mounted infantry, held a stone bridge of the Baltimore pike, on Tyler's right, and was Wallace's chief dependence in the protection of that flank. Clendennin and his cavalry watched the lower fords, and skirmishers were sent out some dis
16th (search for this): chapter 13
Nationals, excepting advantages gained by Birney, who captured four guns. Considering Richmond in danger, Lee rapidly sent re-enforcements, and the Nationals were compelled to adopt new plans and make other dispositions. On the morning of the 16th, August. General Birney made a direct attack on the Confederate lines with General Terry's division. That gallant officer carried the lines, and captured nearly three hundred men, with three battle-flags; but the foe soon rallied in heavier forc was soon driven back, and no special advantage to the Union cause was obtained. Other efforts to draw the Confederates from their intrenchments were made, one of which was the sending of a fleet of vessels up to Deep Bottom on the night of the 16th, to give the impression that the Union troops were about to be withdrawn. The deception did not succeed; and after spending two or three days, chiefly in reconnoitering, Hancock and Gregg were ordered to return to the lines before Petersburg. Th
18th (search for this): chapter 13
urnpike leading from that town across the Opequan Creek to Winchester. Early was on the same road, west of the ford of the Opequan, which is about four miles east of Winchester, and thus covered that city. Contemplating an offensive movement, he had extended the bulk of his army, by his left, to Bunker's Hill, leaving his right on the Berryville road, weak and isolated. Sheridan, who was about to make a bold movement to Early's rear, had watched him with keenest scrutiny; and when, on the 18th, the Confederate leader sent half his army from Bunker's Hill, on a reconnaissance to Martinsburg (which Averill repulsed), he determined to Go in! at once, and crush that weak right, and cut up the remainder in detail. The Union army was then inspirited by the success of Wilson and his cavalry, a few days before, who struck the flank of Kershaw's division, and captured 171 of the Eighth South Carolina, with their colonel. He put his forces under arms that evening, and at three o'clock in
20th (search for this): chapter 13
o the Union cause was obtained. Other efforts to draw the Confederates from their intrenchments were made, one of which was the sending of a fleet of vessels up to Deep Bottom on the night of the 16th, to give the impression that the Union troops were about to be withdrawn. The deception did not succeed; and after spending two or three days, chiefly in reconnoitering, Hancock and Gregg were ordered to return to the lines before Petersburg. This they did; by way of Bermuda Hundred, on the 20th. Meanwhile, Birney was attacked August 18 1864. by a heavy force; but after a fight of twenty minutes, in which Miles, with two brigades, participated, the Confederates were repulsed. In this demonstration against Richmond the Nationals lost about five thousand men, and the Confederates a somewhat less number. Taking advantage of the absence of many of Lee's troops from Petersburg, Grant made a vigorous movement for securing possession of the Weldon road, not more than three miles from
26th (search for this): chapter 13
ries of white spots along the edge of the water. The spectator is standing in an embrasure of Fort Darling, on Drewry's Bluff, looking directly down the James River. The single bird in the distance is over the place of the fortifications at Chapin's Bluff. The three birds nearer are hovering over the remains of obstructions in the River, just below Fort Darling. Lee's line of communication across the river would be seriously menaced. These troops crossed the James on the night of the 26th, July, 1864 and on the following morning, while Foster amused the Confederates on their front, Miles's brigade of Barlow's division flanked them, and captured four of their guns. They fell back to a strong position behind Baylis's creek, where they blocked the way to the heavy works on Chapin's Bluff, which Sheridan attempted to flank. He gained an advantageous position on high ground, and was preparing to make an attempt to get in the rear of the Confederate stronghold, when night compell
28th (search for this): chapter 13
el could not be dredged. As an engineering operation for the improvement of the river navigation, it was a success; as a military operation it was a failure. The work was done under the direction of Major Peter S. Michie, Acting Chief-Engineer of the Army of the James. The work on the canal was considerably advanced when the enterprise we are now considering was undertaken. According to arrangement, Ord and Birney crossed the river on, pontoon bridges muffled with hay on the night of the 28th, the former at Aiken's and the latter at Deep Bottom. Ord pushed along the Varina road at dawn. His chief commanders were Generals Burnham, Weitzel, Heckman, Roberts and Stannard, and Colonel Stevens. His van soon encountered the Confederate pickets, and after a march of about three miles, they came Huts at Dutch Gap. this was the appearance of the north bank of the James River, at Dutch Gap, when the writer sketched it, at the close of 1864. the bank was there almost perpendicular,
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