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Browsing named entities in Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 2. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones).

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1860 AD (search for this): chapter 1.1
e original scientific principle? It is the effect produced by art in combination, and this is the basis of ninety-nine out of a hundred patents. And the first successful attempt to achieve an important physical object by original principles or art in combining those which are known, is the only test by which we can be governed in awarding a patent entitling one to an invention. If not, where shall we draw the line of distinction? How shall we proceed with a patent office? In the year 1860, Congress adopted by an almost unanimous vote my invention for lowering, detaching, attaching, and securing boats at sea, and directed the Secretary of the Navy to purchase the patent right for the use of the navy, which was done. The marine world had probably seen the necessity for such an invention since the days of Noah, and there is not one original mechanical principle in it. It is simply a combination. The invention was several years before the country, in scientific journals; was car
1862 AD (search for this): chapter 1.1
war, not wishing to recall unpleasant scenes, but that I write now in gratification of a natural and proper ambition, recording the truth. The first idea of using torpedoes on the Confederate side, originated I believe with the Hon. S. R. Mallory, Secretary of the Navy, and he directed the distinguished Captain M. F. Maury, Ll. D., to make experiments with a view to their general employment if practicable. I was selected as his immediate assistant. His work commenced in the spring of 1862, and continued for a few months only with electrical torpedoes. He had arrived at no definite conclusion from his experiments, in any particular when he left the Confederacy for Europe, and I was ordered to take charge, subject to orders from the Navy Department only, and remained so until near the closing scenes of the war, when I was relieved in command by Captain J. Pembroke Jones. The means used in my electrical torpedo defences differed in every essential particular from those used
Robert E. Lee (search for this): chapter 1.1
r, during the war, and to the Hon. S. R. Mallory; Captain J. M. Brooke, inventor of the Merrimac, the Brooke Gun, and the deep-sea sounding apparatus; and also to Captain Wm. H. Parker, formerly Superintendent of the Confederate Naval School, that I organized and commanded these defences, and was the first to make them successful. There are volumes of evidence to this effect that can be produced when necessary. I hold letters from the three last named gentlemen, and from the late General R. E. Lee in reference to the efficiency of my torpedo department-also a letter from the Hon. S. R. Mallory, in which he says: I regarded your service as equivalent to that of a well appointed fleet or army; and this had reference only to the defences of Richmond. In fact when the system was nearly completed and inspected in person by President Davis, General Lee, and Secretary Mallory, it was immediately decided to withdraw large numbers of troops from that quarter for offensive operations e
Jefferson Davis (search for this): chapter 1.1
olumes of evidence to this effect that can be produced when necessary. I hold letters from the three last named gentlemen, and from the late General R. E. Lee in reference to the efficiency of my torpedo department-also a letter from the Hon. S. R. Mallory, in which he says: I regarded your service as equivalent to that of a well appointed fleet or army; and this had reference only to the defences of Richmond. In fact when the system was nearly completed and inspected in person by President Davis, General Lee, and Secretary Mallory, it was immediately decided to withdraw large numbers of troops from that quarter for offensive operations elsewhere, it being well understood that the Union armies could not advance without the assistance of the Federal squadron, which advance was for a long time effectually prevented by my system of submarine defences. Many vessels were disabled or destroyed by mechanical or contact torpedoes, but such effect is known to be the result of mere cha
1864 AD (search for this): chapter 1.1
little knowledge may constantly employ it, as they have already done, until public opinion accepts it as its guide. I cannot conclude without a few words more in reference to my ever kind and lamented friend Captain Maury. He went from the South to England, where he continued to make experiments in electricity applicable to torpedo warfare, and discovered a most ingenious method of arranging and testing torpedo mines, which I believe is his patent, and was shown me by him in the winter of 1864 and 65. The fact that there was no practical result from his experiments the few months he carried them on in the South, is due simply to the want of time to organize his forces and collect material, though his experiments served to mark some of the shoals on the way, if not the channel to success. But even had he remained to develop the system, and given it the greater impress of his genius, no success in consequence could have added much to the world-wide fame he had already acquired.
M. F. Maury (search for this): chapter 1.1
a of using torpedoes on the Confederate side, originated I believe with the Hon. S. R. Mallory, Secretary of the Navy, and he directed the distinguished Captain M. F. Maury, Ll. D., to make experiments with a view to their general employment if practicable. I was selected as his immediate assistant. His work commenced in the relieved in command by Captain J. Pembroke Jones. The means used in my electrical torpedo defences differed in every essential particular from those used by Captain Maury in his experiments. The peculiar construction of the mines, the methods of fixing them in position and connecting them with the cables and batteries; the detehave already done, until public opinion accepts it as its guide. I cannot conclude without a few words more in reference to my ever kind and lamented friend Captain Maury. He went from the South to England, where he continued to make experiments in electricity applicable to torpedo warfare, and discovered a most ingenious metho
1863 AD (search for this): chapter 1.1
why did not Fulton or Bushnell, in the early history of our country, or the Russians during the Crimean war, stamp the fact upon the times, so as to render it, as it is now, a system of defence that no nation dares neglect. And how did it become so? I trust to history for the answer. If any one had to contend with the abuse and sneers, and ridicule whilst in the performance of torpedo duty day and night, that fell upon me during the war, he would realize that as late as the summer of 1863, some of the ablest men of the day did not regard torpedo warfare as worthy of consideration, and the very attempts of Fulton and of Bushnell, and of the Russians, were used by those men in argument that my attempt would also be fruitless. Much of the light has to struggle through mediums of darkness and resistance, and gradually breaks in upon us. Our theories rarely assume a practical form, but as in many other circumstances so in naval and military matters we are controlled by theory (n
R. E. Lee (search for this): chapter 1.1
et or army; and this had reference only to the defences of Richmond. In fact when the system was nearly completed and inspected in person by President Davis, General Lee, and Secretary Mallory, it was immediately decided to withdraw large numbers of troops from that quarter for offensive operations elsewhere, it being well underme when under a flag of truce during the war, that if I came down to his squadron again in a certain boat, (in which I had made the first successful attack with the Lee — Spar-torpedo ) he would not respect the flag, as he did not acknowledge that I was engaged in civilized or legitimate warfare. This glanced from my armor as manyt the admiral took up my torpedo mines as the territory was conquered, and turned them against us; and certain it is that his squadron was soon after armed with the Lee-Spar-torpedo. To those who know me, I trust that this letter is unnecessary, but then there is the world beside, and who knows how many in it to set up a claim w
Colt (search for this): chapter 1.1
e original system, and if we were at war with any great naval power to-morrow, I should prefer to rely upon it when the hour of trial came. There are several beautiful and ingenious methods devised by those who have had no practice in war, but my experience will not permit me to give them approval. Now, if we are to consider practical success as the test of an invention, have I not a right to this? Am I not as much entitled to it as Morse to the telegraph? Howe to the sewing machine? Colt to the revolver? And as many other men to their inventions whose success did not carry with it the original conception of the necessity for the invention, nor the first attempts to carry out the idea, nor in whose inventions as patented is there one original scientific principle? It is the effect produced by art in combination, and this is the basis of ninety-nine out of a hundred patents. And the first successful attempt to achieve an important physical object by original principles or
Porter (search for this): chapter 1.1
h the mines were controlled, all formed a complete system devised by myself. The results of this system were that the first vessels ever injured or destroyed in war, by electrical torpedoes, were by the torpedo department operating under my immediate command, and I may add the only ones, that I am aware of. Those who are not well acquainted with the history of our civil war will find ample proof of my statements on file in the Navy Department at Washington, as also by reference to Admirals Porter and S. P. Lee, and Commander W. B. Cushing, United States Navy, for the fact that an efficient system of torpedo defences did exist on the James river, during the war, and to the Hon. S. R. Mallory; Captain J. M. Brooke, inventor of the Merrimac, the Brooke Gun, and the deep-sea sounding apparatus; and also to Captain Wm. H. Parker, formerly Superintendent of the Confederate Naval School, that I organized and commanded these defences, and was the first to make them successful. There
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