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McLaws (search for this): chapter 1.27
a rough and bold spur of the former. Thus, while Cemetery and Culp's Hills require the formation of a line of battle to face northward, the direction of Cemetery Ridge requires the line to face westward. The crest has a good slope to the rear, while to the west it falls off in a cultivated and undulating valley, which it commands. About a mile distant is a parallel crest, known as Seminary Ridge, and which our forces occupied during the battle. Longstreet, with the divisions of Hood and McLaws, faced Round Top and a good part of Cemetery Ridge; Hill's three divisions continued the line from the left of Longstreet, fronting the remainder of Cemetery Ridge, while Ewell, with his three divisions, held a line through the town, and, sweeping round the base of Cemetery Hill, terminated the left in front of Culps's Hill. These were the positions of the three corps after the arrival of General Longstreet's troops. The main purpose of the movement across the Potomac was to free Virgi
Charles J. Jenkins (search for this): chapter 1.27
g from early in the morning until late in the afternoon, when Stuart forced his assailant to recross the river with heavy loss, leaving four hundred prisoners, three pieces of artillery, and several stands of colors in our hands. Meantime General Jenkins with a cavalry brigade had been ordered to advance toward Winchester, to cooperate with an infantry expedition into the lower Valley, and General Imboden made a demonstration toward Romney to cover the movement against Winchester, and prevenby infantry, Stuart was compelled to retire. He had, however, taken in these engagements about four hundred prisoners and a considerable number of horses and arms. Meantime General Ewell, with the advance of his corps, had entered Maryland. Jenkins, with his cavalry, penerated as far as Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. As these demonstrations did not cause the hostile army to leave Virginia, nor did it seem disposed to advance upon Longstreet's position, he was withdrawn to the west side of th
Milroy (search for this): chapter 1.27
Chapter 41: Movement to draw forth the enemy advance to Culpeper Court House cavalry engagement at Beverly's and Kelly's fords movement against Winchester Milroy's force captured the enemy Retires along the Potomac Maryland entered advance into Pennsylvania the enemy driven back toward Gettysburg position of the respective forces battle at Gettysburg the army Retires the Potomac swollen no interruption by the enemy strength of our force strength of the enemy the camp and cut off the communication between Winchester and the Potomac. General Ewell, on June 13th, advanced directly upon Winchester, driving the enemy into his works around the town. On the next day he stormed the works, and the whole army of General Milroy was captured or put to flight. Most of those who attempted to escape were intercepted and made prisoners. Unfortunately, among the exceptions was their commander, who had been guilty of most unpardonable outrages upon defenseless noncombata
Round Top (search for this): chapter 1.27
oon, instead of being made at sunrise; then troops had been concentrated, and Round Top, the commanding position, unoccupied in the morning, had received the force we called Cemetery Ridge, and terminates in a high-rocky-and wooded peak named Round Top, which was the key of the enemy's position, as it flanked their line. The less elevated portion, near where the crest rises into Round Top, is termed Little Round Top, a rough and bold spur of the former. Thus, while Cemetery and Culp's Hil during the battle. Longstreet, with the divisions of Hood and McLaws, faced Round Top and a good part of Cemetery Ridge; Hill's three divisions continued the line be driven, it was thought that our army could gain the more elevated ground (Round Top) beyond, and thus enable our guns to rake the crest of the ridge. That officwhatever cause, and Meade having occupied in force the commanding position of Round Top, it must be conceded that it would have been better to withdraw than to renew
John Esten Cooke (search for this): chapter 1.27
an, with the intention of interposing between the widely separated wings of his adversary. Instead of being successful, this movement resulted in an entire failure. General Meade found Lee's army posted behind Mine Run, and ready to receive an attack whenever he was disposed to make it. Meade declared, it is related, that he could carry the position with a loss of thirty thousand men; but, as that idea was frightful, there seemed nothing to do but retreat. Life of General R. E. Lee, by J. E. Cooke. Lee had inaugurated that system of breastworks which did him good service in his long campaign with General Grant. When the troops were halted in a wood, the men felled the large trees, heavy logs were dragged without loss of time to the prescribed line, where they were piled upon one another in double walls, which were filled in rapidly with earth; in a short space of time, therefore, defenses which would turn a cannon shot were often constructed. In front, for some distance, the fell
W. N. Pendleton (search for this): chapter 1.27
ers and several pieces of artillery. Under the instructions given to them not to bring on a general engagement, these corps bivouacked on the ground they had won. In an address delivered at Lexington, Virginia, on January 17, 1873, General W. N. Pendleton, chief of artillery, makes the following statement: The ground southwest of the town was carefully examined by me after the engagement on July 1st. Being found much less difficult than the steep ascent fronting the troops already upelve o'clock; and his column was not up and ready for the assault until 4 P. M. All this, as it occurred under my personal observation, it is nothing short of imperative duty that I should thus fairly state. For the reasons set forth by General Pendleton, whose statement, in regard to a fact coming under his personal observation, none who know him will question, preparations for a general engagement were unfortunately delayed until the afternoon, instead of being made at sunrise; then troo
Garnet (search for this): chapter 1.27
p: battle of Gettysburg. General Lee, in his report, noticing the large loss of men and officers, says: I can not speak of these brave men as their merits and exploits deserve. Some of them are appropriately mentioned in the accompanying reports, and the memory of all will be gratefully and affectionately cherished by the people in whose defense they fell. The loss of Major-General Pender is severely felt by the army and the country. . . . Brigadier-Generals Armistead, Barksdale, Garnet, and Semmes, died as they had lived, discharging the highest duty of patriots with devotion that never faltered, and courage that shrank from no danger. The testimony of General Meade, above mentioned, contains this statement respecting his losses: On the evening of the 2d of July, after the battle of that day had ceased, and darkness had set in, being aware of the very heavy losses of the First and Eleventh Corps on the 1st of July, and knowing how severely the Third Corps, the Fift
Jack W. White (search for this): chapter 1.27
e right of our column as it advanced. General Longstreet says: General Stuart held the gap for a while, and then hurried around beyond Hooker's army, and we saw nothing more of him until the evening of July 2d, when he came down from York and joined us, having made a complete circuit of the Federal army. Longstreet and Hill crossed the Potomac, to be within supporting distance of Ewell, and advanced into Pennsylvania, encamping near Chambersburg on June 27th. The cavalry, under Colonel White, advanced to the Susquehanna. On the night of the 27th information was received that General Hooker had crossed the Potomac and was advancing northward, and that the head of the column had reached South Mountain. This menaced our communications, and it was resolved to prevent his further progress by concentrating our army on the east side of the mountain. Accordingly, the different commands were ordered to proceed to Gettysburg. This march was conducted more slowly than it would h
R. E. Rodes (search for this): chapter 1.27
cover the movement against Winchester, and prevent reenforcements from the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Both these officers were in position when Ewell left Culpeper Court House on the 6th. Crossing the Shenandoah near Front Royal, Rodes's division went to Berryville to dislodge the force stationed there, and cut off the communication between Winchester and the Potomac. General Ewell, on June 13th, advanced directly upon Winchester, driving the enemy into his works around the totured or put to flight. Most of those who attempted to escape were intercepted and made prisoners. Unfortunately, among the exceptions was their commander, who had been guilty of most unpardonable outrages upon defenseless noncombatants. General Rodes marched from Berryville to Martinsburg, entering the latter place on the 14th and capturing seven hundred prisoners, five pieces of artillery, and a considerable quantity of stores. These operations cleared the Valley of the enemy. More tha
Abraham Lincoln (search for this): chapter 1.27
a victory is refuted by the fact that, when Lee halted on the banks of the Potomac, Meade, instead of attacking as a pursuing general would a defeated foe, halted also, and commenced entrenching. The battle of Gettysburg has been the subject of an unusual amount of discussion, and the enemy has made it a matter of extraordinary exultation. As an affair of arms it was marked by mighty feats of valor to which both combatants may point with military pride. It was a graceful thing in President Lincoln if, as reported, when he was shown the steeps which the Northern men persistently held he answered, I am proud to be the countryman of the men who assailed those heights. The consequences of the battle have justified the amount of attention it has received. It may be regarded as the most eventful struggle of the war. By it the drooping spirit of the North was revived. Had their army been there defeated, those having better opportunities to judge than I or anyone who was not among
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