Named Entity Results, Poland (Poland)

he Allegheny College at Meadville, Pa., and leaving there when eighteen years old, he taught a district school in Ohio for a time. He answered the first call for troops, and in June, 1861, enlisted in the 23d Ohio Infantry. Each of his promotions in the army was for bravery on the field, and he was successively sergeant, second and first lieutenant, captain, and at the close of the war he was given a brevet as major. He then began the study of law in the office of Judge C. E. Glidden, in Poland; attended the law school at Albany for a year and a half; and was admitted to the bar in Canton, O., 1867. He took naturally to politics, and was, in 1869, elected prosecuting attorney. During the next few years he became noted as a platform speaker. In 1876 he was elected to Congress as a Republican, and served seven terms. His fourth election was contested and his Democratic opponent seated. In 1890 his name became widely known in connection with a high-tariff bill. The same year he

e war and other causes made him relinquish his undertaking. Being an intelligent and educated man, he was employed by the State of Virginia to go to Europe to solicit a loan from the Tuscan government. He left his wife in Virginia, when he finally returned to Europe, in 1783, where she soon afterwards died. He revisited the United States in 1785, and in 1788 wrote a work on the History of politics in the United States, in 4 volumes. In 1792 Mazzei was made privy councillor to the King of Poland; and in 1802 he received a pension from the Emperor Alexander, of Russia, notwithstanding he was an ardent republican. During the debates on Jay's treaty, Jefferson watched the course of events from his home at Monticello with great interest. He was opposed to the treaty, and, in his letters to his partisan friends, he commented freely upon the conduct and character of Washington, regarding him as honest but weak, the tool and dupe of rogues. In one of these letters, addressed to Mazzei

Pulaski, Count Casimir 1748- Military officer; born in Podolia, Poland, March 4, 1748. His father was the Count Pulaski, who formed the Confederation of Bar in 1768. He had served under his father in his struggle for liberty in Poland; and when his sire perished in a dungeon the young count was elected commander-inchief (1770). In 1771 he, with thirty-nine others, disguised as peasants, entered Warsaw, and, seizing King Stanislaus, carried him out of the city, but were compelled to leave Poland; and when his sire perished in a dungeon the young count was elected commander-inchief (1770). In 1771 he, with thirty-nine others, disguised as peasants, entered Warsaw, and, seizing King Stanislaus, carried him out of the city, but were compelled to leave their captive and fly for safety. His little army was soon afterwards defeated. He was outlawed, and his estates were confiscated, when he entered the Turkish army and made war on Russia. Sympathizing with the Americans in their struggle for independence, he came to America in the summer of 1777, joined the army under Washington, and fought bravely in the battle of Brandywine. Congress gave him command of cavalry, with the rank of brigadier-general. He was in the battle of Germantown; and i

St.-Simon, Claude Anne, Marquis de 1743- Military officer; born in the Castle of La Faye, Spain, in 1743; learned the art of gunnery and fortifications at Strasburg; distinguished himself in Flanders: and was chief of the body-guard of the King of Poland in 1758. After various services in Europe, he came to America with De Grasse, at the head of French troops, and assisted in the siege of Yorktown in 1781. In 1789 he was a deputy in the States-General. Being a native of Spain, he returned to the service of that country, and assisted in the defence of Madrid in 1808. He was made prisoner and condemned to death, but the sentence Claude Anne St.-Simon. was commuted to exile. After Ferdinand VII. was re-established on the throne (1814), St.-Simon returned to Spain, and was made captain-general and grandee. He died Jan. 3, 1819.

of her own interest, and actuated by stubborn pride and a false sense of honor, should refuse to sell Cuba to the United States, then the question will arise, What ought to be the course of the American government under such circumstances? Self-preservation is the first law of nature, with States as well as with individuals. All nations have, at different periodicals, acted upon this maxim. Although it has been made the pretext for committing flagrant injustices, as in the partition of Poland and other similar cases which history records, yet the principle itself, though often abused, has always been recognized. The United States have never acquired a foot of territory except by fair purchase, or, as in the case of Texas, upon the free and voluntary application of the people of that independent State, who desired to blend their destinies with our own. Even our acquisitions from Mexico are no exception to this rule, because, although we might have claimed them by the right of

Southern army, the Continental After the defeat of Gates in 1780, Washington selected Gen. Nathanael Greene to command the Southern army. Maj. Henry Lee's corps of horse and some companies of artillery were ordered to the South. The Baron de Steuben was ordered to the same service; and Thaddeus Kosciuszko, a patriot of Poland, was chosen engineer of that department to supply the place of Duportail, made prisoner at Charleston. Efforts were made to reorganize the Southern army. To supply the place of captured regiments, the Assembly of Virginia voted 3,000 men, apportioned among the counties, and a special tax was laid to raise means to pay bounties. In addition to money offered, volunteers were each offered 300 acres of land at the end of the war and a healthy, sound negro or $200 in specie. Virginia also issued $850,000 in bills of credit to supply the treasury. North Carolina used its feeble resources to the same end. Drafts and recruits, and one whole battalion, came fo

at no one could object to it, there could be no danger in letting it be presented for passage. But, alas! the weakness of poor human nature, though of course not often prevalent, does certainly lurk in even celestial and congressional minds. If a member objects he may be the subject of reprisals and his own bill may go to the tomb of the Capulets. Moreover, he hopes some one else will bear the burden, and while he hesitates he is lost and the bill is gained. The liberum veto might do in Poland, but it is bad in Congress. However, the custom has been so established that it must be yielded to. Now as to the method. If the presiding officer were simply to put down the names in the order of application all sorts of things would be presented without even one man knowing anything about them, and as soon as the list reached fair proportions all interest in it would cease, for it would only be superseding one list by another, and when that was done the special emergency idea would en

Stedinck, Burt Bogislaus Louis Christopher, Count von 1746-1815 Military officer; born in Pomerania, Sweden, Oct. 26, 1746; graduated at the University of Upsala in 1768; joined the Swedish army early in life; promoted lieutenant-colonel; won distinction in aiding the French in the West Indies in 1778; accompanied D'Estaing to the United States in 1779, and Oct. 9 of that year commanded two important attacks on Savannah. After placing the American flag on the last breastwork he was wounded and forced to withdraw, having lost 450 of his 900 men. In recognition of his gallantry in aiding the Americans his King appointed him a colonel of dragoons and knight of the Order of the Sword. He was also decorated with the badge of the Society of the Cincinnati. He died in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1815.

Stephens, John Lloyd 1805-1852 Author; born at Shrewsbury, N. J., Nov. 28, 1805; graduated at Columbia College in 1822; studied at the Litchfield Law School, and practised in New York. From 1834 to 1836 he was in Europe, and went to Egypt and into Arabia and the Holy Land. He travelled in Greece, Turkey, Russia, and Poland, and published accounts of incidents of travel in those countries. In 1839 he was appointed special ambassador to Central America, when he explored the ancient ruins in that country. On his return he published Incidents of travel in Central America, Chiapa, and Yucatan (2 volumes). In 1842 he again visited that region and made further investigations, and in 1843 he published Incidents of travel in Yucatan. All of his works were very popular, those on the antiquities of Yucatan having acquired an enormous sale. They are regarded as the richest contributions on the subject of American antiquities ever made by one man. Frederic Catherwood accompanied Mr. Step

Zalinski, Edmund Louis Gray 1849- Military officer; born in Kurnich, Prussian Poland, Dec. 13, 1849; came to the United States with his parents in 1853, and settled in Seneca Falls, N. Y. He was appointed an aide on the staff of Gen. Nelson A. Miles in 1864, and served till the close of the war, being promoted second lieutenant of volunteers in 1865 for gallantry at the battle of Hatcher's Run. In February, 1866, he was appointed a second lieutenant in the 5th United States Artillery; was promoted first lieutenant in January, 1867, and captain in December, 1887; was Professor of Military Science in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1872-76; graduated at the United States Artillery School at Fort Monroe, Va., and at the School of Submarine Mining at Willett's Point, N. Y., in 1880; invented and was engaged in developing and perfecting the pneumatic dynamite torpedo gun bearing his name in 1883-89; travelled in Europe to obtain military information in 1889-90; was on garr