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George Washington (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
arte concluded an amicable settlement of all difficulties between the two nations. Peace was established; the envoys Medal awarded by Congress in commemoration of the capture of La vengeance by the constellation. returned home; and the provisional army of the United States which had been organized was disbanded. Circumstances humbled the pride of the French Directory, and the wily Talleyrand began to think of reconciliation with the United States. He saw the unity of the people with Washington as leader, and paused; and, through letters to Pinchon (August and September, 1798), information was conveyed to the United States government that the Directory were ready to receive advances from the former for entering into negotiations. Anxious for peace, President Adams, without consulting his cabinet or the national dignity, nominated to the Senate William Vans Murray (then United States diplomatic agent at The Hague) as minister plenipotentiary to France. This was a concession to
Gravier Vergennes (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
as Deane (q. v.), sent by the committee of secret correspondence, arrived in Paris (May, 1776), in the disguise of a private merchant. He was received kindly by Vergennes, and introduced to Beaumarchais. It was agreed that Hortales & Co. should send the supplies by way of the West Indies, and that Congress should pay for them in rovision was made for their maintenance. Franklin arrived at Paris, and was joined by Deane and Lee in December. The commissioners were courteously received by Vergennes, privately, but without any recognition of their diplomatic character. France was secretly strengthening her navy, and preparing for the inevitable war which hee that the supplies forwarded by Beaumarchais were gratuities of the French monarch. This belief prevailed until the close of 1778, when Franklin, on inquiry of Vergennes about the matter, was informed that the King had furnished nothing; he simply permitted Beaumarchais to be provided with articles from the arsenals upon conditio
Thomas Truxton (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
nch cruisers. A marine corps was organized, and thirty cruisers were provided for. The frigates United States, Constitution, and Constellation, already built, were soon made ready for sea under such commanders as Dale, Barry, Decatur the elder, Truxton, Nicholson, and Phillips. Decatur soon captured a French corsair (April, 1798). So many American armed vessels in West India waters, in the summer and autumn of 1798, astonished the British and French authorities there. At the close of that yeed of twenty-three vessels, with a total of 446 guns. It was much strengthened during the year 1799 by the launching and putting into commission several new ships, and victories over the French on the ocean were gained. In February, 1799, Commodore Truxton, in the Constellation, captured the French frigate L'Insurgente; and in February, 1800, he gained a victory over the French frigate La Vengeance. The convention at Paris brought about peace between the two nations, and the navy of the Unit
Mobile, Ala. (Alabama, United States) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
XVI. the protector of the rights of mankind. On the evening of April 12, 1779, the representatives of France and Spain signed a convention for an invasion of England, in which the Americans were considered and concerned. By its terms France bound herself to undertake the invasion of Great Britain and Ireland; and, if the British could be driven from Newfoundland, the fisheries were to be shared with Spain. France promised to use every effort to recover for Spain Minorca, Pensacola, and Mobile, the Bay of Honduras, and the coast of Campeachy; and the two courts agreed not to grant peace nor truce, nor suspension of hostilities, until Gibraltar should be restored to Spain. Spain was left free to exact from the United States, as the price of her friendship, a renunciation of every part of the basin of the St. Lawrence and the Lakes, of the navigation of the Mississippi, and of all the territory between that river and the Alleghany Mountains. This modification of the treaty of Fran
Holland (Netherlands) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
ar France and Spain, in the whole extent of their dominions, were to stand as one state towards foreign powers. This treaty secured to the American colonies, in advance, the aid of Charles III. of Spain. A special convention was concluded the same day between France and Spain, by which the latter agreed to declare war against England unless peace between France and England should be concluded before May, 1762. Choiseul covenanted with Spain that Portugal should be compelled, and Savoy, Holland, and Denmark should be invited, to join in a federative union for the common advantage of all maritime powers. Pitt proposed to declare war against Spain, but was outvoted, and resigned (Oct. 5, 1761). The French government was pleased when the breach between Great Britain and her colonies began, and sought to widen it. England had stripped France of her possessions in America, and France sought to dismember the British Empire, and cause it a greater loss, by the achievement of the inde
Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
y from Virginia, sought personal safety in flight, under the pretext of needed attention to private affairs. Ever since Minister Adet's proclamation the Democrats, or friends of the French, had worn the tricolored cockade. When, in the spring of 1798, President Adams took strong ground against France, a decided war spirit was aroused throughout the country; addresses poured in on the President; and everywhere were seen evidences of a reflex of opinion which sustained the President. In Philadelphia, an Address to the President, signed by 5.000 citizens, was presented to Adams; and this was followed by an address by the young men of the city, who went in a body to deliver it, many of them wearing black cockades, the same which were worn in the American army during the Revolution. This was done in the way of defiance to the tricolored cockades. From this circumstance was derived the term, so familiar to politicians of that period, of Black cockade Federalists. It became, in time
Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
treaty secured to the American colonies, in advance, the aid of Charles III. of Spain. A special convention was concluded the same day between France and Spain, by which the latter agreed to declare war against England unless peace between France and England should be concluded before May, 1762. Choiseul covenanted with Spain that Portugal should be compelled, and Savoy, Holland, and Denmark should be invited, to join in a federative union for the common advantage of all maritime powers. Pitt proposed to declare war against Spain, but was outvoted, and resigned (Oct. 5, 1761). The French government was pleased when the breach between Great Britain and her colonies began, and sought to widen it. England had stripped France of her possessions in America, and France sought to dismember the British Empire, and cause it a greater loss, by the achievement of the independence of the colonies. Arthur Lee, of Virginia, being in London soon after the breaking out of hostilities, made su
Decatur (Illinois, United States) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
war to capture French cruisers. A marine corps was organized, and thirty cruisers were provided for. The frigates United States, Constitution, and Constellation, already built, were soon made ready for sea under such commanders as Dale, Barry, Decatur the elder, Truxton, Nicholson, and Phillips. Decatur soon captured a French corsair (April, 1798). So many American armed vessels in West India waters, in the summer and autumn of 1798, astonished the British and French authorities there. At tDecatur soon captured a French corsair (April, 1798). So many American armed vessels in West India waters, in the summer and autumn of 1798, astonished the British and French authorities there. At the close of that year the American navy consisted of twenty-three vessels, with a total of 446 guns. It was much strengthened during the year 1799 by the launching and putting into commission several new ships, and victories over the French on the ocean were gained. In February, 1799, Commodore Truxton, in the Constellation, captured the French frigate L'Insurgente; and in February, 1800, he gained a victory over the French frigate La Vengeance. The convention at Paris brought about peace be
United States (United States) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
to Spain. Spain was left free to exact from the United States, as the price of her friendship, a renunciation is modification of the treaty of France with the United States gave the latter the right to make peace whenevere Rogers. In 1797 the consul-general of the United States in France complained of the condemnation of Amer Congress declared the treaties made between the United States and France (Feb. 6, 1778) at an end, and authoriace between the two nations, and the navy of the United States was called to another field of action. While of that country occurred, which averted from the United States the calamity of war. For a long time the quarrel. returned home; and the provisional army of the United States which had been organized was disbanded. Circueyrand began to think of reconciliation with the United States. He saw the unity of the people with Washingtonominated to the Senate William Vans Murray (then United States diplomatic agent at The Hague) as minister pleni
London (United Kingdom) (search for this): entry france-early-relations-with
on for the common advantage of all maritime powers. Pitt proposed to declare war against Spain, but was outvoted, and resigned (Oct. 5, 1761). The French government was pleased when the breach between Great Britain and her colonies began, and sought to widen it. England had stripped France of her possessions in America, and France sought to dismember the British Empire, and cause it a greater loss, by the achievement of the independence of the colonies. Arthur Lee, of Virginia, being in London soon after the breaking out of hostilities, made such representations to the French ambassador there that the Count de Vergennes, the French minister of foreign affairs, sent Pierre Augustin Caron De Beaumarchais (q. v.), a well-known political intriguer and courtier, to concert measures with Lee for sending to the Americans arms and military stores to the amount of $200,000. An open breach with the English was not then desirable, and the French minister, to cover up the transaction, gave it
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