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Hudson, Ohio (Ohio, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
s of members in the Mississippi States. Education was long a crude affair, and a boy like Abraham Lincoln found some schools, so-called, but no qualification was ever required of a teacher beyond readina, writina, and cipherina to the rule of three. If a straggler supposed to understand Latin happened to sojourn in the neighborhood, he was looked upon as a wizard. There was absolutely nothing to stimulate ambition for education. The earliest university, Western Reserve, founded at Hudson, Ohio, to be a Western Yale, was for many years a small school, and in the class of 1840 there were but five graduates. But just as great and beautiful cities have sprung from the prairies and in the midst of the forests, so out of these troublesome and ignorant conditions came a master of English style like Abraham Lincoln. So far as intellectual appliances were concerned, the great West grew very slowly and from small beginnings. James Hall, in 1835, attempted to gather some of the tradi
Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
t must be owned that the Mississippi Valley has run rather to great cities than to notable communities. New Orleans is the one ancient city in the whole region. St. Louis and Kansas City, Omaha, St. Paul, and Minneapolis, Memphis, Cincinnati, Pittsburg, and Denver, are most of them still in the rough, everywhere edges showing, vacant lots gaping, unsightly earth banks furnishing ugliness to the eye and dust to the nostrils. And through most parts of the West the villages and country towns arstone-cutting which has been set up there as a soldiers' monument; but most of the State of Ohio is in the Ohio Valley, and the legislature forced that abomination upon the people of Cleveland against their will. On the other hand, the city of Pittsburg has the most beautiful and suitable county buildings in the country; while the city of Boston has one of the most dreadful county buildings. Certainly no such group of magnificent structures has ever been seen in America, outside of fabled No
Oklahoma (Oklahoma, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
days. Heaps of slack mark the mouths of the old coal banks in Pennsylvania and central Ohio; but ever-widening coalfields are opened up in Illinois, in the Indian Territory, in the Dakotas, and in Montana. Inexhaustible these deposits certainly are not, but from decade to decade arrive new applications and simplifications of pogovina and Bosnia. The obstacle seems to be the cost of labor, or rather the assumption that road-making requires skilled labor. Perhaps the great problem of Oklahoma on the day of the opening. convict labor is to be solved by an intelligent system of road-construction adequate to the needs of a civilized people. In the futthe population of the valley reaches 250,000,000, several of the present cities will have a population of from 2,000,000 to 10,000,000, and woe betide them if Oklahoma four weeks later. they do not now make provision for the health and enjoyment of later times! It is with all these cities much as with the metropolis of the We
Kansas (Kansas, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
, and most of the newer States have a general system of complete government education, for the State universities have direct relations with the public schools, and are superior in equipment and prestige to the denominational colleges. Two of the greatest and most famous Western universities, Chicago and Michigan, chance to lie just outside the rim of the Mississippi Valley, but the renowned universities of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Nebraska, and the steadily enlarging universities of Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, show a willingness to provide at the expense of the commonwealth an education of a thoroughness and advancement which cannot be had in any Eastern State except by the payment of considerable fees to endowed universities. Almost every branch of human learning is now taught thoroughly and practically somewhere between the Appalachians and the Rockies. Two important tests of intellectuality, though not the only ones, are art and literature. The Rookw
Hungary (Hungary) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
abored so many months, and just beyond was the long-sought western rim of the valley. From the year 1715, when France and England went mad over a Mississippi bubble, down to the present time, the Mississippi has been a household word throughout the civilized world. Ships of Marseilles, ships of Bordeaux, ships of Bremen, ships of Liverpool, set their course for the mouth of the Mississippi, that they may bring eager immigrants into the promised land; and the stolid peasant in Bohemia or Hungary lays down his guldens for a slip of pasteboard upon which are printed the talismanic words New York—St. Louis—Kansas City— Helena. Into a land which a century ago had not 100,000 people has converged a stream of settlers from East, South, and North, heaping up activity and prosperity as the meteors are said to sustain the heat of the sun into which they fall. Mountains have been no barrier, and a civil war could not tear apart the northern and the southern halves of the great valley. <
Delaware (Delaware, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
St. Louis—Kansas City— Helena. Into a land which a century ago had not 100,000 people has converged a stream of settlers from East, South, and North, heaping up activity and prosperity as the meteors are said to sustain the heat of the sun into which they fall. Mountains have been no barrier, and a civil war could not tear apart the northern and the southern halves of the great valley. When in 1790 Congress was discussing the question of a permanent seat of government, Mr. Vining, of Delaware, favored the lower Potomac: From thence, it appears to me, the rays of government will most naturally diverge to the extremities of the Union. I declare that I look on the Western territory in an awful and striking point of view. To that region the unpolished sons of earth are flowing from all quarters— men to whom the protection of the laws and the controlling force of the government are equally necessary. From this great consideration I conclude that the banks of the Potomac are <
Montana (Montana, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
-works, Chattanooga. preserved wooden houses of the present day. As for the minerals, each succeeding generation shakes its head and predicts extinction. Twenty years ago the oil wells of the Alleghany River began to fail, yet now six times more oil is marketed every year than in those flush days. Heaps of slack mark the mouths of the old coal banks in Pennsylvania and central Ohio; but ever-widening coalfields are opened up in Illinois, in the Indian Territory, in the Dakotas, and in Montana. Inexhaustible these deposits certainly are not, but from decade to decade arrive new applications and simplifications of power and new ways of utilizing the full force imprisoned in the coal. The abundance of God's gifts of fuel has brought about one of the weakest elements in Western character—the indifference to the filth and squalor of a smokeladen atmosphere. The first condition of health and decency is cleanliness, and nobody can keep clean in any Western city. As a question of
Milton (Missouri, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
land; and the stolid peasant in Bohemia or Hungary lays down his guldens for a slip of pasteboard upon which are printed the talismanic words New York—St. Louis—Kansas City— Helena. Into a land which a century ago had not 100,000 people has converged a stream of settlers from East, South, and North, heaping up activity and prosperte of Minnesota only one-fourth of the people in 1890 were born even of American parents. The foreign passer-by in the streets of Cincinnati, or St. Louis, or Kansas City, may well say with the Jews of old time: And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born? Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellerthat the Mississippi Valley has run rather to great cities than to notable communities. New Orleans is the one ancient city in the whole region. St. Louis and Kansas City, Omaha, St. Paul, and Minneapolis, Memphis, Cincinnati, Pittsburg, and Denver, are most of them still in the rough, everywhere edges showing, vacant lots gaping<
De Soto (Mississippi, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
d more than two-thirds of its arable surface. The Mississippi is not only a great river; it waters a temperate area of rich land, spread so freely that from end to end there is no serious obstacle to traffic; and the valley is the home of a vigorous and advancing civilization. Even in our day, when explorers disappear in African forests and years after emerge upon the other side of the continent, we may share the stimulus and the excitement of the first discoverers of the great river. De Soto found it in 1542, near half a league broad and 16 fathoms deep, and very furious, and ran with a great current. Marquette in 1673 rejoiced to behold the celebrated river, whose singularities, he says, I have attentively studied. La Salle in 1682 came to a reach where the water is brackish; after advancing on we discovered an open sea, so that on April 9, with all due solemnity, we performed the ceremony of planting the cross and raising the arms of France. La Salle did not think he was p
England (United Kingdom) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
he Missouri River, up which they had labored so many months, and just beyond was the long-sought western rim of the valley. From the year 1715, when France and England went mad over a Mississippi bubble, down to the present time, the Mississippi has been a household word throughout the civilized world. Ships of Marseilles, shipe became practical. That influence has spread eastward and modified the coast communities; but it is a Western conception; it affects France and makes headway in England; but it is even now stronger in the Mississippi Valley than in the direct offshoots of England—Canada and Australia. This brief sketch of the historical conditEngland—Canada and Australia. This brief sketch of the historical conditions of the Mississippi Valley is necessary if we are to avoid mere guess and speculation in pointing out the probable future of the region. What is the likelihood that the population of the Mississippi Valley will continue to increase? The problem is chiefly one of making the land available; for there is little danger of the cal
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