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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
on of one or more wheels of a vehicle when descending a hill, or when it is desired to prevent its being moved. See wagon-lock. Lock-weir. A weir having a lock-chamber and gates. Loco-mo′tive. A self-moving, traveling steamengine. Watt's patents of 1769 and 1784 included the uses of steam-engines for running carriages on land, but he never made any such. A locomotive was made by Cugnot, a Frenchman, in 1769. It is still preserved in the museum of the Conservatoire des Arts eing above the log, and one below. Long-slide. A slide-valve of such length as to govern the ports at both ends of the cylinder, and having a hollow back which forms an eduction passage. It was invented by Murdoch, of the firm of Boulton and Watt. See Cornish engine. Long-tack′le block. （Nautical.) A block having two single sheaves, one above the other. The lower one is 2/3 the size of the upper. It is used in combination with a single block, to form long-tackle for loading or <
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
ard-draft furnace. See smoke-consuming furnace. Watt's base-burner furnace had a magazine (English patent in important situations, such as lighthouses. James Watt, in a letter to Argand, August 8, 1787, gave sketive improvements of Worcester, Savary, Newcomen, and Watt were all directed toward one object, that of lifting and the atmospheric engines of Newcomen. Here also Watt and Boulton sent their engines, with such a guarantyThe Cornish miners succeeded in cheating Boulton and Watt out of the greater part of their dues, and became rid than that of any other engine. When Boulton and Watt's patent expired, the best of their engines in Cornwine, 1836105.7 East London Water-Works, Boulton and Watt46.6 Haarlem Mere, Holland89.4 Average of 36 Cornisn53.6 Buffalo Cornish bull engines37.0 Boulton and Watt's non-expansive rotative engine, Albion Mills, Londorked by the inventions of Hargreaves, Arkwright, and Watt. The latter two, by indomitable energy and the poss
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), N. (search)
e numerals, so as to be able to number up to 99,999. The bank-note was presented on a table above, and the tympan brought down upon it, forcing the paper against the numbered studs, which were presented through openings in the bed. After each impression the first wheel of the train was rotated one spoke, bringing the next unit into presentation. The unitwheel acted upon the 10-wheel as soon as the number 9 was reached and printed; the 10-wheel acted upon the 100-wheel, and so on, as seen in Watt's registering-machine, gas-meters, arithmometers, and numerous analogous machines and contrivances. The type-wheels were inked by a dabber. The machine had several crude movements, but is interesting as among the first of the automatic shifting instruments for serial indications or work, including the modern numbering and paging machines, calculating-machines and registers, the indicating-apparatus of meters, etc. Trouillet's numbering-machine (French) is adapted either for hand or for us
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), O. (search)
ed spine, club-foot, etc. See club-foot apparatus. Os′cil-lat-ing—cyl′in-der Steam—en′gine. （Steam.) A simple form of engine, in which the cylinder rocks on trunnions and the piston-rod connects directly to the crank. It was invented by James Watt, and was brought into use by Maudslay. Watt's model, made at Soho in 1763, was exhibited at the London Exhibition of 1851. Witty of Hull patented the oscillating cylinder in England in 1813. English patent, June 5. Goldsworth Gurney wasWatt's model, made at Soho in 1763, was exhibited at the London Exhibition of 1851. Witty of Hull patented the oscillating cylinder in England in 1813. English patent, June 5. Goldsworth Gurney was in some way associated with the improvement of it, and has been credited with the invention. It was introduced by those two famous makers of marine and river engines, Maudslay and Field and Penn and Sons. This engine has a cylinder mounted on gudgeons or trunnions, generally near the middle of its length, on which it is capable of swaying to and fro through a small arc, so as to enable the piston-rod to follow the movements of the crank, to which it is directly attached without the i
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
eans of flooding its upper surface with water. Watt obtained a patent for packing pistons with lubre of camel's hair, and are flat in shape. James Watt recommended rats' whiskers as the best materre. Parallel knife White's parallel lathe Watt's parallel motion Par′al-lel knife. Two ight line of movement. Fig. 3548 illustrates Watt's parallel motion. The equal rods a b, conneces for causing parallel motion. A was used in Watt's original single-acting beam-engines; the pists under the operation of the parallel motion of Watt, but in a mathematically straight line. By v valve-stem with the end of the cylinder. James Watt found the piston imperfectly fitted in a rouel of the sun and planet motion, invented by James Watt. So called from its rotation around anotherated in the usual way. This is the principle of Watt's indicator. Lowe's steam-gage consists of ae of water ejected by a steam-pump. In 1780, Watt suggested the spiral oar to move canal-boats. [1 more...]
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
t one end to a beam and at the other to one of the hanging links, serve in the parallel motion of Watt to guide the piston-rod in a vertical direction by counteracting the vibratory motion communicate index-finger, and the angular distance between them on a graduated dial will form a register. Watt first applied a register to the steam-engine to count the strokes. The term register is also alator. Worm-wheel adjustment for regulator. Reg′u-lator–box. A valve-motion contrived by Watt for his double-action, condensing pumpingengines (A). A spindle passes through one side of the bope. Road-loco-mo′tive. A locomotive adapted to run on common roads. The idea, conceived by Watt and Dr. Robinson, was first realized by Murdoch, a Cornish engineer, who, about 1786, constructed or made by the inventors of the last century and the early portion of the present. The names of Watt, Cartwright, Galloway, and others may be mentioned. Rotary spading-machine. The illustrati<
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
shSeparate condenser1769 WattEnglishCrank1769 WattEnglishAir-pump for engine1769 WattEnglishDouble-acting engine1769 Watt Watt also introduced, at various periods, the rotary-ball governor, whilt-hammer1783 EvansAmericanSteam-carriage1783 WattEnglishParallel motion1784 MurdochEnglishSteam-viga-tion. In 1784, Murdoch, an assistant of Watt, invented a steamcarriage, which he tested on as called by him a water-commanding engine ; and Watt's engine was denominated by him a fire-engine. qual to half the pressure of the atmosphere. Watt made experiments on the power of steam by meanshe steam on a kind of wheel. A rotary engine. Watt repeated this 70 years afterward, and included llated on a horizontal axis and described arcs, Watt contrived the parallel motion (which see). Wvent the cooling of the object so enveloped. Watt, in 1769, after contriving the separate condens into the fireplace. Base-burning furnace. （Watt, 1785.) Liddel in 1852 (o, Fig. 5920) shows[69 more...]
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
l, the flow is into an auxiliary tube, which curves upward and then enters the delivery-pipe. Three-cylinder engine. The four-way cock is an invention of James Watt. See Fig. 2091, page 912. Haskell's three-cylinder pump. Three-way valve. One which governs three openings, as a three-way cock (which see). Three-inists, whose labors have, within the present century, built up the mechanical greatness of England. Accuracy of machine-work before his day was utterly unknown. Watt had the greatest difficulty in getting his first model of the steam-engine constructed with sufficient truth to work; its cylinder was not bored, but hammered, andumping-engine made a tremendous noise, and much astonished the spectators, who regarded it as one of the most remarkable and interesting parts of the performance. Watt knew better, and would have loved a noiseless machine, but was so beset by open condemnation, faint praise, and legal botheration, that he kept his own counsel, an
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
hung arm for supplying a tender with water. Also known as a water-crane, from its form. It has a revolving swan neck, and the valve is operated by a hand-wheel, rods, and miter gear. Also called a water-crane (which see). Wa′ter-pipes. James Watt devised sectional water-pipes with flexible articulations to enable the pipe to accommodate itself to the inequalities of a river bottom across which the water was to be conveyed. He derived the suggestion from the articulations of the tail of G connected by rods H H are automatically adjusted to admit more or less air to the interior wheel E by means of a ball-governor driven by connection with the wheel and operating a lever L. The ball-governor was first used in windmills, and James Watt borrowed the idea from thence. In Holland, windmills are employed in driving the scoopwheels which drain the polders. The mill resembles exteriorly an ordinary windmill, but the upright shaft is carried down to the bottom floor, where a bev
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