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Boonsboro (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
p and Crampton Pass and pressing their pursuit of Lee, debouched into the valley west of the mountains; one appeared at Boonsboro and the other southward at Rohrersville. The stretch of valley from Boonsboro to the Potomac is named the Antietam ValBoonsboro to the Potomac is named the Antietam Valley, because the Antietam, a small river which runs near Hagerstown and a little east of Sharpsburg, enters the Potomac a few miles below. The general course of this crooked stream is south. September 15th, the day after the defeat at Turner's Ge there was a good ford, ran northeast through Sharpsburg, crossed the Antietam by a stone bridge, and kept on through Boonsboro. Another, the Hagerstown Pike, divided the peninsula by a north and south trend. One other important highway divided t Franklin reported to McClellan. The column to which I belonged pushed forward its head as rapidly as possible from Boonsboro to the east bank of the Antietam. During that first day, September 15th, only two divisions, Richardson's and Sykes's,
Harper's Ferry (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
s road crossed the Antietam at Burnside's bridge and forked when it reached higher ground; the upper fork led to Rohrersville and the other ran south into the Harper's Ferry road. A few miles above the regular crossing was a zigzag country road --sometimes named the diagonal. It intersected the Antietam at Newkirk and passed froprecipitation. Later, he found that McLaws did not join the main army till the morning of the 17th, Anderson's division afterwards; and A. P. Hlll's, left at Harper's Ferry to finish the work there, was still later on the ground. From want of previous knowledge and from a natural desire that Franklin and Couch should close up tolong our line northward was then substantially over; thus Lee was able to reinforce against Cox, and further, A. P. Hill's Confederate division, en route from Harper's Ferry, was not far from Sharpsburg. Again, as if to favor Lee, Burnside had further delay. The excessive firing before and after crossing the Antietam had exhau
Maryland Heights (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
e, and still farther north near Dunbar's Mills, was a large, open grove called the East Woods. That grove was the left of Lee's first temporary line. McClellan, seeing that Franklin was detained by McLaws, who, having now the impregnable Maryland Heights, was able to avoid battle, ordered Franklin to Antietam. McLaws, quick to notice Franklin's departure, crossed the Potomac twice and reached Lee at Sharpsburg at the same hour that Franklin reported to McClellan. The column to which I beaten any other vigorous effort in that part of the field would be useless. Franklin's corps arrived from Pleasant Valley and reported to McClellan at 10 A. M. That was all, except Couch's attached division which Franklin had dispatched to Maryland Heights, which came to us the morning of the 18th. Franklin soon sent his leading division under W. F. Smith to aid Sedgwick, but, like all other supports in this ill-managed battle, it was a little too late. The trap had been sprung already an
Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
, passed over that stream by a bridge and ford west of Keedysville, crossings having been early secured and held for them by our cavalry. General Hooker led his corps, evidently with a hope of completely turning Lee's left, far away past Dunbar Mills. Doubleday's division was in advance. He had proceeded, perhaps, a couple of miles from the bridge and ford northwesterly when the enemy's skirmishers opened fire. Hooker at once faced his command to the left and deployed his lines. The Pennsylvania reserves under Meade formed the center, Doubleday's to the right, and Ricketts's division to the left of Meade. Hood's division of Confederates with assisting batteries held the East woods and was vis-a-vis to Hooker. D. H. Hill extended Hood's line down toward the Antietam. Jackson's two divisions, Lawton's and J. R. Jones's, were by this time holding the West woods about Dunker Church. Stuart with cavalry and considerable artillery was farther west than Hood. Without hesitation
Maryland (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
f Sharpsburg and on to Burnside's front. Of course, Burnside's move should have been vigorous and simultaneous with attacks on the right. McClellan so intended. We had, however, a technical victory, for Lee withdrew after one day's delay and recrossed the Potomac. Porter's corps, following closely, lost heavily at the Shepherdstown ford-so that every part of our army except Couch's division, which after its late arrival was only exposed to artillery fire, suffered great loss at the battle of Antietam. Longstreet says that Antietam was the bloodiest single day of fighting of the war. The Confederate loss in Maryland was 12,601; while ours at Antietam alone, including prisoners, was 12,410. While, with a view to avoid their mistakes in the future, we may study the faults and omissions of the brave men who here contended for the life of the Republic, let us not blame them, for there were often cogent reasons-hindrances and drawbacks which after many years no one can remember.
Pleasant Valley (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
urnside's command, consisting of four divisions with plenty of artillery to help him, was given the work of storming the lower stone bridge which now bears his name. Porter's or Franklin's troops, or such as could be brought up in time from Pleasant Valley, were to be held in hand for necessary reinforcement or for the direct central thrust, whenever that should become practicable. The first movement in the way of executing the plan had to begin in plain sight of our watching foes. They unpon General Sumner himself. He concluded that if such troops as composed Hooker's corps and Sedgwick's division could be so easily beaten any other vigorous effort in that part of the field would be useless. Franklin's corps arrived from Pleasant Valley and reported to McClellan at 10 A. M. That was all, except Couch's attached division which Franklin had dispatched to Maryland Heights, which came to us the morning of the 18th. Franklin soon sent his leading division under W. F. Smith t
Rohrersville (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
n The two columns of the Army of the Potomac, fighting their way through Turner's Gap and Crampton Pass and pressing their pursuit of Lee, debouched into the valley west of the mountains; one appeared at Boonsboro and the other southward at Rohrersville. The stretch of valley from Boonsboro to the Potomac is named the Antietam Valley, because the Antietam, a small river which runs near Hagerstown and a little east of Sharpsburg, enters the Potomac a few miles below. The general course of th trend. One other important highway divided the southeast angle of the other two bisecting roads; from Sharpsburg, as an apex, this road crossed the Antietam at Burnside's bridge and forked when it reached higher ground; the upper fork led to Rohrersville and the other ran south into the Harper's Ferry road. A few miles above the regular crossing was a zigzag country road --sometimes named the diagonal. It intersected the Antietam at Newkirk and passed from pike to pike. As the Antietam Ri
Jackson (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
He had proceeded, perhaps, a couple of miles from the bridge and ford northwesterly when the enemy's skirmishers opened fire. Hooker at once faced his command to the left and deployed his lines. The Pennsylvania reserves under Meade formed the center, Doubleday's to the right, and Ricketts's division to the left of Meade. Hood's division of Confederates with assisting batteries held the East woods and was vis-a-vis to Hooker. D. H. Hill extended Hood's line down toward the Antietam. Jackson's two divisions, Lawton's and J. R. Jones's, were by this time holding the West woods about Dunker Church. Stuart with cavalry and considerable artillery was farther west than Hood. Without hesitation the Pennsylvania reserves pressed the enemy and opened a brisk fusillade which was returned with equal spirit. There was considerable musketry that evening and some artillery exchanges with apparent success to Hooker. About ten, Jackson, finding Hood's men overweary and hungry from a lon
Sharpsburg (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
r which runs near Hagerstown and a little east of Sharpsburg, enters the Potomac a few miles below. The generis scarcely two miles across. The country around Sharpsburg is fertile and beautiful and afforded Lee specialhere there was a good ford, ran northeast through Sharpsburg, crossed the Antietam by a stone bridge, and kepeast angle of the other two bisecting roads; from Sharpsburg, as an apex, this road crossed the Antietam at Buges and cover all approaches from the Antietam to Sharpsburg. In fact, he had a surplus of cannon and so sent from Newkirk Bridge, the Potomac upper bend, and Sharpsburg. It was quite enveloped by a small forest that ure, crossed the Potomac twice and reached Lee at Sharpsburg at the same hour that Franklin reported to McCleln, en route from Harper's Ferry, was not far from Sharpsburg. Again, as if to favor Lee, Burnside had furthrive everything before him through the village of Sharpsburg and on to Burnside's front. Of course, Burnside'
Hancock, Md. (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 2.20
d. Kimball, seeing this, rushed his men up to clear Weber's exposed left and drove back the Confederate flankers, but they immediately ran to cover in the sunken road and there successfully defied his nearer approach. The hard contest here, varying in intensity from moment to moment, lasted three full hours and our men found quite impossible a decisive forward movement in that place. French had upward of 2,000 men near there put hors de combat. Irwin's brigade of Smith's division, near Hancock, made one charge in the afternoon and went into those West woods, but then experienced the same trouble as the rest of us — it was striking in the dark; they also were forced to retreat. Richardson's division after the arrival of Franklin was sent by McClellan to join our corps. After crossing the Antietam, Richardson directed his march on the Piper house, taking his cue from French's field, and soon was breasting the same deep roadway farther to the left. He did not attempt our format
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