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March (search for this): chapter 11
was extended, with certain restrictions, to members of the Cabinet; and the President was not allowed to dismiss a Minister until the end of his term. He was at liberty, however, during the recess of Congress, to suspend any officer for cause, but must report the case to the Senate when it re-assembled. If, then, the Senate concurred, the officer was dismissed; if not, he was restored. This law, it was matter of notoriety, had especial reference to the Secretary of War. It was passed in March, and Congress adjourned on the 20th of July. Eleven days afterward, Mr. Johnson sent for Grant and informed him that he intended to suspend Stanton, and at the same time remove Sheridan from New Orleans. He also stated that he meant to appoint Grant himself Secretary of War ad interim. There could be no possible doubt of the purpose of this move. It was intended to nullify as far as possible the action of Congress, to punish men for striving to execute the law, to hinder the Reconstruct
June 7th (search for this): chapter 11
est duty to watch him, to check him, to detect his plans, to disclose to each other his movements, to unmask his designs, to circumvent and restrain and baffle his schemes. For they regarded the man who should have been the first servant of the State as at this moment its most dangerous enemy. They thought he was undoing all that they had achieved, bringing back the rule they had overturned, defying the decision of the faithful North, installing sedition in the place of loyalty. On the 7th of June Grant wrote to Sheridan as follows: I was absent from here on my way to West Point when the correspondence commenced between you and the Secretary of War which culminated in the removal of Governor Wells. I knew nothing of it, except what was published in the papers, until my return here yesterday. The Secretary's dispatch was in obedience to an order from the President written on Saturday before starting South, but not delivered to the Secretary until Monday after I left my office.
July 20th (search for this): chapter 11
, to members of the Cabinet; and the President was not allowed to dismiss a Minister until the end of his term. He was at liberty, however, during the recess of Congress, to suspend any officer for cause, but must report the case to the Senate when it re-assembled. If, then, the Senate concurred, the officer was dismissed; if not, he was restored. This law, it was matter of notoriety, had especial reference to the Secretary of War. It was passed in March, and Congress adjourned on the 20th of July. Eleven days afterward, Mr. Johnson sent for Grant and informed him that he intended to suspend Stanton, and at the same time remove Sheridan from New Orleans. He also stated that he meant to appoint Grant himself Secretary of War ad interim. There could be no possible doubt of the purpose of this move. It was intended to nullify as far as possible the action of Congress, to punish men for striving to execute the law, to hinder the Reconstruction policy. Johnson could hardly have ho
August 5th (search for this): chapter 11
people whom he might have consulted were absent. He discussed, however, with Stanton the course he should pursue in case the President persisted. It was agreed that Grant's duty in that event was to accept the position proffered, and as far as possible prevent further mischief. He could take up Stanton's course when Stanton was no longer in the Cabinet, and thus mitigate some of the evils of his removal. The protests of Grant delayed Johnson's action just five days. Then, on the 5th of August, in a formal letter, the President requested Stanton's resignation. The same day Stanton answered, also in writing, that public considerations of a high character constrained him from resigning before the next meeting of Congress. Again Johnson hesitated for a week; but on the 12th of August he issued an order in strict accordance with the provisions of the Tenure of Office act, suspending Stanton and appointing Grant Secretary of War ad interim. Grant thereupon addressed the follow
August 12th (search for this): chapter 11
quested Stanton's resignation. The same day Stanton answered, also in writing, that public considerations of a high character constrained him from resigning before the next meeting of Congress. Again Johnson hesitated for a week; but on the 12th of August he issued an order in strict accordance with the provisions of the Tenure of Office act, suspending Stanton and appointing Grant Secretary of War ad interim. Grant thereupon addressed the following letter to Stanton, of which I preserved tant, General. To Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. To this Stanton replied as follows: War Department, Washington City, August 12, 1867. General,—Your note of this date, accompanied by a copy of a letter addressed to you, August 12th, by the President, appointing you Secretary of War ad interim, and informing me of your acceptance of the appointment, has been received. Under a sense of public duty I am compelled to deny the President's right, under the Constitution and
1866 AD (search for this): chapter 11
Chapter XI Grant, Stanton, and Johnson. during the spring and summer of 1866 both Grant and Stanton were opposing their common superior, for both believed that superior was opposing the declared will of the people, to whom Presidents are responsible. Stanton remained in the Cabinet for the express purpose of preventing Johnson from carrying out his opposition to the law. His course was approved by the mass of those who had been friendly to the Government during the war. It was approved by Grant, with whom the fact that the people had spoken was paramount. Even had he disapproved the law he would have felt it his duty to enforce it, and he was shocked as well as pained at the spectacle of the President and nearly all his Cabinet devoting their energies and arts to plotting the obstruction and evasion of the law. If he had felt some twinges of annoyance at Stanton's brusque demeanor, he put away the remembrance now, and throughout this entire crisis the two were heartily in a
August 1st, 1867 AD (search for this): chapter 11
oment they were seeking to undermine it; a bit of craft worthy of Machiavelli, or of Seward. But Grant protested earnestly against the entire proposition. He not only did this promptly in conversation, when Johnson announced the design, but on his return to his own headquarters he wrote the famous letter marked Private, which has already been given to the world. I quote the portion referring to Stanton: [Private.] headquarters armies of the United States, Washington, D. C., August 1, 1867. His Excellency, A. Johnson, President of the United States: Sir,—I take the liberty of addressing you privately on the subject of the conversation we had this morning, feeling as I do the great danger to the welfare of the country should you carry out the designs then expressed. First, on the subject of the displacement of the Secretary of War. His removal cannot be effected against his will without the consent of the Senate. It is but a short time since the United States Senate
August 12th, 1867 AD (search for this): chapter 11
ary of War ad interim. Grant thereupon addressed the following letter to Stanton, of which I preserved the original draft, with the lines struck out by Grant's own hand: headquarters armies of the United States, Washington, D. C., August 12, 1867. Sir,—Enclosed herewith I have the honor to transmit to you a copy of a letter just received from the President of the United States, notifying me of my assignment as Acting Secretary of War, and directing me to assume those duties at onhave ever discharged the duties of Secretary of War. With great respect, your ob't serv't, U. S. Grant, General. To Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. To this Stanton replied as follows: War Department, Washington City, August 12, 1867. General,—Your note of this date, accompanied by a copy of a letter addressed to you, August 12th, by the President, appointing you Secretary of War ad interim, and informing me of your acceptance of the appointment, has been received.
U. S. Grant (search for this): chapter 11
Government during the war. It was approved by Grant, with whom the fact that the people had spokeng in the Cabinet, probably knew even more than Grant of the designs and machinations of the Presidesage from the Secretary of War. It meant, and Grant so understood it, that the President of the Uneans. He also stated that he meant to appoint Grant himself Secretary of War ad interim. There couandidate of the Republicans, so that by making Grant impossible he would secure his own success. Tft worthy of Machiavelli, or of Seward. But Grant protested earnestly against the entire proposihis superior, but Johnson remained immovable. Grant had at once made known the President's purposee the President persisted. It was agreed that Grant's duty in that event was to accept the positiof the evils of his removal. The protests of Grant delayed Johnson's action just five days. The Office act, suspending Stanton and appointing Grant Secretary of War ad interim. Grant thereupo[19 more...]
Ulysses S. Grant (search for this): chapter 11
duty, feeling that I know I am right in this matter. With great respect, your ob't serv't, U. S. Grant, General. There were several interviews within the next few days at which the subordinatehave ever discharged the duties of Secretary of War. With great respect, your ob't serv't, U. S. Grant, General. To Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. To this Stanton replied as follows:ressed. I am, with sincere regard, truly yours, Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. General Ulysses S. Grant. Grant was not quite pleased with this letter, which seemed to imply that he was inGrant was not quite pleased with this letter, which seemed to imply that he was in accord with the President, or at least that he should not have accepted the post, but Stanton could hardly have been in an amiable mood when he was dispossessed, even toward the unwilling instrument of his removal. But the annoyance that Grant felt made no difference in his action. The crisis was too momentous for any personal feeling to be allowed to interfere. He had been thoroughly loya
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