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ght matters to a head. Within two days Sherman was offered the position of Secretary of War. As soon as it became certain that Grant could not and would not be used, the crafty politician turned to the next in command. On the 30th of January Sherman had a long interview with Johnson, in which the President proposed either to oust Stanton by force, or to remove him legally by submitting Sherman's name to the Senate as Secretary of War. But to both these measures Sherman was averse. On the 31st he wrote a letter to the President, full of wisdom, patriotism, and eloquence, a copy of which he gave to Grant. In this he said: To bring me to Washington would put three heads to the army —yourself, General Grant, and myself; and we would be more than human if we were not to differ. In my judgment it would ruin the army, and would be fatal to one, or two, of us. With my consent, he said emphatically, Washington, never. The next day the Board of Officers, of which Sherman was president
January 11th (search for this): chapter 15
y subordinate in his interviews with the President and strove to express no opinions offensive to his superior. A year after these events the time came for Johnson to report his reasons for the suspension of Stanton. Sherman was then on duty at Washington as president of a board to revise the regulations of the army. His relations with Grant were so intimate that they discussed in advance the conduct of Grant in case the Senate should disapprove the action of the President. On the 11th of January, two days before the Senate decided, Grant told Sherman that he would not retain the office of Secretary of War after the disapproval of the Senate, and Sherman urged him to make known this intention promptly to the President. It was partly because of this urgency of Sherman that Grant went the same day to Johnson to announce his determination. It was also Sherman who first suggested the name of Governor Cox as a substitute, when Grant should give up the office, and Grant urged Sherma
January 24th (search for this): chapter 15
intending to recommend him to resign, but he soon perceived that the advice would be useless, and counseled Sherman not to offer it. Meanwhile the controversy between Grant and the President was approaching a culmination. Twice Grant received important orders from Stanton requiring immediate action, and inclosing communications from the Treasury which recognized Stanton as Secretary of War; and yet the President had verbally instructed him to disregard Stanton's authority. On the 24th of January Grant formally requested that the President would put into writing these verbal directions. This was not done, and Grant was placed in a very embarrassing position. It was the old device—to make some one else do the unauthorized work and take the responsibility, by which Johnson was to profit without burning his fingers. At the same time the imputations of bad faith were continued against Grant. Finally, on the 28th of January, Grant renewed his request for written instructions to d
January 28th (search for this): chapter 15
instructed him to disregard Stanton's authority. On the 24th of January Grant formally requested that the President would put into writing these verbal directions. This was not done, and Grant was placed in a very embarrassing position. It was the old device—to make some one else do the unauthorized work and take the responsibility, by which Johnson was to profit without burning his fingers. At the same time the imputations of bad faith were continued against Grant. Finally, on the 28th of January, Grant renewed his request for written instructions to disobey Stanton, and in the same letter he categorically denied the assertion of any promise on his part to remain in office after the Senate re-instated Stanton. This brought matters to a head. Within two days Sherman was offered the position of Secretary of War. As soon as it became certain that Grant could not and would not be used, the crafty politician turned to the next in command. On the 30th of January Sherman had a lo
January 30th (search for this): chapter 15
Finally, on the 28th of January, Grant renewed his request for written instructions to disobey Stanton, and in the same letter he categorically denied the assertion of any promise on his part to remain in office after the Senate re-instated Stanton. This brought matters to a head. Within two days Sherman was offered the position of Secretary of War. As soon as it became certain that Grant could not and would not be used, the crafty politician turned to the next in command. On the 30th of January Sherman had a long interview with Johnson, in which the President proposed either to oust Stanton by force, or to remove him legally by submitting Sherman's name to the Senate as Secretary of War. But to both these measures Sherman was averse. On the 31st he wrote a letter to the President, full of wisdom, patriotism, and eloquence, a copy of which he gave to Grant. In this he said: To bring me to Washington would put three heads to the army —yourself, General Grant, and myself; and
January 31st (search for this): chapter 15
cal storm. Johnson cajoled him, tempted him, and flattered him, but in vain. Repeatedly the President declared that he wanted Sherman in Washington, but Sherman as often declined to remain; and Johnson did not order him to stay. On the 31st of January, the day after offering Sherman the position of Secretary of War, Johnson sent a letter to Grant, recapitulating in detail and ratifying all the charges that had hitherto been only anonymously made. On the 3d of February Grant replied, deny in, if no such correspondence had occurred. I am clear in this, however: the correspondence here inclosed to you should not be made public, except by the President, or with the full sanction of General Sherman. Probably the letter of the 31st of January, marked confidential, should not be given out at all. Johnson was deterred by Sherman's protestations, by the refusal of the Senate to confirm the brevet, and by the fear that he would damage himself if he insisted further. Doubtless, t
February 3rd (search for this): chapter 15
, being caught in the political storm. Johnson cajoled him, tempted him, and flattered him, but in vain. Repeatedly the President declared that he wanted Sherman in Washington, but Sherman as often declined to remain; and Johnson did not order him to stay. On the 31st of January, the day after offering Sherman the position of Secretary of War, Johnson sent a letter to Grant, recapitulating in detail and ratifying all the charges that had hitherto been only anonymously made. On the 3d of February Grant replied, denying every one of Johnson's assertions, and charging the President outright with an attempt to destroy his character before the country. Johnson forthwith issued an order for Sherman to return to Washington, but with his usual vacillation, in a day or two rescinded it. On the 12th of February, however, the order was renewed, and Sherman was directed to assume command of a new military division created for the occasion, with headquarters at Washington. Grant notified h
February 12th (search for this): chapter 15
erman the position of Secretary of War, Johnson sent a letter to Grant, recapitulating in detail and ratifying all the charges that had hitherto been only anonymously made. On the 3d of February Grant replied, denying every one of Johnson's assertions, and charging the President outright with an attempt to destroy his character before the country. Johnson forthwith issued an order for Sherman to return to Washington, but with his usual vacillation, in a day or two rescinded it. On the 12th of February, however, the order was renewed, and Sherman was directed to assume command of a new military division created for the occasion, with headquarters at Washington. Grant notified him of this by telegraph, and Sherman replied: Were I prepared, I should resign on the spot, as it requires no foresight to predict such must be the inevitable result in the end. Johnson now sent to the Senate the nomination of Sherman for the brevet of General, which would enable the President to place him i
February 18th (search for this): chapter 15
to the South than to the illustrious martyr who received it, or to the unhappy maniac by whose hand Lincoln fell. Grant, as well as Sherman, was tortured by the petty craft of him whom Fate had thrust into a position where he could tyrannize over natures greater than his own. Grant now appealed to Sherman to write out his recollections of the famous interview with the President, at which Sherman had been present, in order to counterbalance the assertions of Johnson's Cabinet. On the 18th of February the General-in-Chief wrote again to his friend, calling for his support in the attacks upon his honor: Your letter to the President which you informed me by telegraph on Friday last had been mailed through me, has not yet come to hand. It may come to-day. The course you have pursued has given immense satisfaction so far as I have heard any expression of opinion. The dispatch you sent to Senator Sherman has not been published, but it is understood to be the ground of his action in
February 19th (search for this): chapter 15
except by the President, or with the full sanction of General Sherman. Probably the letter of the 31st of January, marked confidential, should not be given out at all. Johnson was deterred by Sherman's protestations, by the refusal of the Senate to confirm the brevet, and by the fear that he would damage himself if he insisted further. Doubtless, too, he suspected that Sherman would not prove very serviceable, if forced so much against his will into the uncoveted position. On the 19th of February, therefore, the President informed Sherman that he would not be ordered to Washington. Two days afterward, without consulting the Senate, Johnson removed Stanton and appointed Lorenzo Thomas, the Adjutant-General of the Army, Secretary of War ad interim. The same day a resolution was offered in the House of Representatives that Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, be impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors. On the 24th of February the resolution was adopted. Points su
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