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September 11th (search for this): chapter 102
until after Harpers Ferry had been taken, and with his army well in hand, reinforced, refreshed and rested, Lee would have delivered battle on his own conditions, with time and place of his own selection. No one, Union or Confederate, doubts what the issue of such a struggle would have been. The army of McClellan would have been routed, Baltimore and Washington opened to the Confederates, and then—what? Th's misfortune to the cause of the Confederacy will be described hereafter. On September 11th, Lee having his army well-disposed beyond the South Mountain, and the two ranges of Catoctin and South Mountain having been interposed between his infantry and the Federal advance, McClellan threw forward his right, the Ninth and First corps, under Burnside, to New Market, taking the place of Fitz Lee's cavalry. He then began what was described as a grand left wheel, his right turning gradually so as to be advanced. Fitz Lee kept his rear guard close to Burnside, and well advised of
September 13th (search for this): chapter 102
ade Pennsylvania, were questions which at that time we had no means of determining. This uncertainty as to the intentions of the enemy obliged me, up to the 13th of September, to march cautiously, and to advance the army in such order as continually to keep Washington and Baltimore covered, and at the same time to hold the troops ith Stuart's cavalry at Hagans; but Sumner and Franklin were at least twelve miles from an enemy while they camped at Urbana and Barnesville. The next day, September 13th, Walker, McLaws and Jackson, completed the investment of Harpers Ferry. Halleck and Stanton were telegraphing McClellan with hot wires to save the army andtime on the 13th General McClellan obtained possession of this order is unknown. His order to Franklin to move at daybreak of the 14th on Burketsville is dated Sept. 13th, 6.20 P. M. At that hour all of his army was in camp. Most of his corps had marched about six miles that day. Only two or three divisions had marched as far
September 14th (search for this): chapter 102
rates. General McClellan reports his loss on the 16th and 17th as two thousand and ten killed, nine thousand four hundred and sixteen wounded, and one thousand and forty-three missing; total, twelve thousand four hundred and sixty-nine. General Lee reports his loss at one thousand five hundred and sixty-seven killed, and eight thousand seven hundred and twenty-four wounded and missing at the battles of Crampton's Gap, South Mountain, Boonsboroa, Sharpsburg, and Shepherdstown, from September 14th to 20th; total, ten thousand two hundred and ninety one. We have no data to fix the loss at Sharpsburg, but it was probably for the Confederates the bloodiest battle of the war. Thus ended the First Maryland campaign. It was undertaken by Lee with the certainty of thereby relieving Virginia for a time from the pressure of war, with the hope of transferring the scene of operations to the North, and with the possibility of the capture of Baltimore and Washington, the recognition of
September 15th (search for this): chapter 102
m: I am of opinion that the enemy will send a small column towards Pennsylvania to draw off your forces in that direction, then suddenly move on Washingion with the forces south of the Potomac, and there he may cross over. Jackson, McLaws and Walker were on that day investing Harpers Ferry. On the 14th Halleck telegraphed: Scouts report a large force still on the Virginia side of the Potomac; if so, I fear you are exposing your left and rear. Harpers Ferry surrendered at 8 A. M. on September 15th. And on September 16th, the day after the surrender of Harpers Ferry, he again telegraphed: I think, however, you will find that the whote force of the enemy in your front has crossed the river; I fear now more than ever that they will recross at Harpers Ferry, or below, and turn your left, thus cutting you off from Washington. This has appeared to me to be a part of their plan, and hence my anxiety on the subject. A heavy rain might prevent it. This was the day when McClellan was
September 16th (search for this): chapter 102
the enemy will send a small column towards Pennsylvania to draw off your forces in that direction, then suddenly move on Washingion with the forces south of the Potomac, and there he may cross over. Jackson, McLaws and Walker were on that day investing Harpers Ferry. On the 14th Halleck telegraphed: Scouts report a large force still on the Virginia side of the Potomac; if so, I fear you are exposing your left and rear. Harpers Ferry surrendered at 8 A. M. on September 15th. And on September 16th, the day after the surrender of Harpers Ferry, he again telegraphed: I think, however, you will find that the whote force of the enemy in your front has crossed the river; I fear now more than ever that they will recross at Harpers Ferry, or below, and turn your left, thus cutting you off from Washington. This has appeared to me to be a part of their plan, and hence my anxiety on the subject. A heavy rain might prevent it. This was the day when McClellan was feeling along Lee's fron
1776 AD (search for this): chapter 102
ttached to liberty than those to the northward. * * * In other countries the people more simple, of a less mercurial cast, judge of an ill principle in government only by an actual grievance; here they anticipate the evil and judge of the pressure of the grievance, by the badness of the principle. They augur misgovernment at a distance, and snuff the approach of tyranny in every tainted breeze. These words of Mr. Burke are as applicable to the soldiers of 1861-5 as to their patriot sires of 1776. Their strong love of liberty and keen appreciation of its blessings, their sturdy self-reliance and habits of rule, exaggerated doubtless by the peculiar conditions of Southern society, gave them a conscious self-respect, a spirit of personal independence, a sense of their own importance, an individuality and pride that made each man feel as if the fate of every battle hung on his single arm. Thoroughly satisfied of the justice of their cause, animated by the loftiest patriotism, shrinki
1861 AD (search for this): chapter 102
he evil and judge of the pressure of the grievance, by the badness of the principle. They augur misgovernment at a distance, and snuff the approach of tyranny in every tainted breeze. These words of Mr. Burke are as applicable to the soldiers of 1861-5 as to their patriot sires of 1776. Their strong love of liberty and keen appreciation of its blessings, their sturdy self-reliance and habits of rule, exaggerated doubtless by the peculiar conditions of Southern society, gave them a conscious sngton 160,000, as McClellan's report shows. The first days of September were laden with anxious forebodings to the leaders of the Union side. The Army of the Potomac had been driven to shelter behind those intrenchments it had constructed in 1861, to protect the capital from the victorious troops of Johnston and Beauregard. The Army of Virginia, demoralized and disorganized, had sought the protection of the same works. The armies of Fremont and of Burnside had ceased to exist, and had
May, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 102
ries, and the aspirations of races, of people, and of nations. The real poet is under obligations to truth, for truth lives and stirs the heart, and perpetuates heroic deeds, and the desire to do them. Therefore there is no excuse for this slander and libel on the Confederate cause, the Confederate soldier and the Confederate hero. Not only is every allegation in the story of Barbara Fritchie false, but there never existed foundation for it. I was born in Frederick and lived there until May, 1861, when I joined the Confederate army. I had known Barbara Fritchie all my life. I knew where she lived, as well as I knew the town clock. At that time she was eighty-four years old, and had been bed-ridden for some time. She never saw a Confederate soldier, and probably no one of any kind. Her house was at the corner of Patrick street and the Town Creek bridge. The troops marched by there during a portion of the 10th of September. On that morning General Jackson and his staff rode i
June, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 102
response is the last in regular order this evening, I hope quired me to give him a detailed description of the country in Maryland on the other side of the Potomac, of which I was a native, and with the topography, resources, and political condition of which I was familiar. I impressed upon him emphatically the fact that a large portion of the people were ardent Unionists; that perhaps an equal number were equally ardent sympathizers with the Confederate cause, still, they had been since June, 1861, so crushed beneath the overwhelming military force, that they could not be expected to afford us material aid until we gave them assurance of an opportunity for relief, by an occupation promising at least some permanence. That night General Jackson invited me to accompany him to General Lee's head quarters in Leesburg, and there requested me to repeat our conversation of the day to the latter. I did so at length. General Lee particularly required information as to the topography of t
1862 AD (search for this): chapter 102
To reinforce the Confederacy by the alliance of Maryland, which could have been certainly secured by a permanent occupation, and by an exhibition of superior force. 4th. As a consequence, the occupation of the Federal capital, the evacuation of it by the Federal government, the acknowledgment of the Confederate government as a government de jure, as well as de facto, by France and England, and the necessary achievement of the independence of the Confederate States. During the summer of 1862, the Emperor of the French had been openly in sympathy with the cause of the Confederate States, and under the name of, sometimes mediation, sometimes recognition, had always been anxious to intervene in their behalf. He was pressing the English government, without ceasing, to unite with him in acknowledging the existence of the new government, and recognition, as all the world knew at that time, meant independence. Therefore, when Lee crossed the Potomac, he was playing for a great stake.
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