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12th (search for this): chapter 1.37
e issuing of that order for the execution of Mosby's men? It seems that the movements of this little band of cavalry had become so important as to be the subject of almost daily bulletins from army headquarters. On August 9th, 1864, Sheridan telegraphed: Have heard nothing from Mosby to-day; but before the day closes Colonel Lazelle reports a detachment of his cavalry attacked and routed. On August 11th, General Weber reports: Mosby's command between Sheridan and Harper's Ferry; and on the 12th, Sheridan sends the Illinois cavalry to Loudoun with instructions to exterminate as many of Mosby's gang as they can. On the 13th occurred the memorable battle of Berryville, where Mosby with three hundred cavalry and three small howitzers attacked an equal number of the enemy's cavairy and brigade of three regiments of infantry, three thousand men in all, under command of Brigadier-General John R. Kenley, dispersed the cavalry, rode rough shod over the infantry, captured the entire wagon-t
13th (search for this): chapter 1.37
n and Harper's Ferry; and on the 12th, Sheridan sends the Illinois cavalry to Loudoun with instructions to exterminate as many of Mosby's gang as they can. On the 13th occurred the memorable battle of Berryville, where Mosby with three hundred cavalry and three small howitzers attacked an equal number of the enemy's cavairy and e (16th) as Grant's dispatch above quoted is one from Sheridan to Halleck, at Washington, saying: Nothing from General Grant later than 12th. At 7:30 A. M. on the 13th, Sheridan had written Grant—I was unable to get south of Early, but will push him up the Valley—and at 10 P. M. the same day he sent Grant another dispatch, saying to the Confederate War Department: Chaffin's Bluff, August 16, 1864. Colonel Mosby reports that he attacked the enemy's supply train near Berryville on the 13th; captured and destroyed 75 loaded wagons and secured over 200 prisoners, including several officers, between 500 and 600 horses and mules, upward of 200 beef cattl
16th (search for this): chapter 1.37
ken up for the present the line of Cedar Run, but will at my leisure take position at Winchester. This line cannot be held, nor can I supply my command beyond that point with the ten days rations with which I started. I expected to get far enough up the Valley to accomplish my objects and then quickly return. But Grant's instructions did not contemplate his return. Although Grant had ordered him to drive the enemy south and to keep in sight of him, he quietly retreated on the night of the 16th, and did not stop until he got to Halltown near Harper's Ferry, where he had taken command two weeks before. The Times of January 27th, 1895, published a review by me of the Shenandoah campaign. The following is an extract: During the time that Sheridan was in the Shenandoah Valley, this (my) partisan corps was the only Confederate force that operated in his rear, or in Northern Virginia east of the Blue Ridge., Sheridan affected to call us guerillas, but never defined what he meant by
17th (search for this): chapter 1.37
the fact that it once existed. From this it appears that Sheridan had begun hanging my men before he received Grant's dispatch of the 16th. At Berryville on the 17th, he said that he had hung one and shot six, the day before. But he did not receive Grant's dispatch of the 16th, until 6:30 A. M. of the 17th, so the murders coul17th, so the murders could not have been committed in compliance with Grant's orders. The government has published all the reports and correspondence, both Union and Confederate, in the Shenandoah campaign. There is not in them a single imputation on the conduct of any of my men except that statement in Merritt's report about the killing of McMasters inWhen any of Mosby's men are caught, hang them without trial. U. S. Grant, Lieutenant-General. This order was received by General Sheridan at 6:30 A. M. on the 17th. Up to that time Sheridan never claimed to have executed any prisoners captured from our command; but it is a significant fact that on the night of the same day h
March (search for this): chapter 1.37
and country vehicles, and old soldiers and people poured into the town. The occasion was one which touched the heart of the people and all showed it. At noon there was a meeting of Mosby's men and the number registered and present were about one hundred and fifty. At one o'clock a dinner prepared by the Ladies' Warren Memorial Association and the William Richardson Camp was spread before the Veterans under the shade of spreading trees, and a profuse and elegant repast it was. Line of March. At two o'clock the line of march was formed. Two of their bands enlivened the steps of Mosby's men and two other Confederate Veteran Camps, who marched up to the cemetery where, on a beautiful, conspicuous, and most appropriate place, the monument to the martyrs had been placed. The place was crowded, and it was estimated that from 3,000 to 5,000 were present. The services were opened by prayer by the Rev. Syd. Ferguson, a distinguished member of Mosby's command, who fervently invo
July 4th (search for this): chapter 1.37
d in this terrible tragedy. What had they been doing that made the extermination of their command justifiable in the eyes of their opponents? We find that they had first attracted the attention of the whole country by penetrating to the heart of the Federal army and capturing its General with his staff, and carrying them off as prisoners of war; they had fought beneath the very guns that protected the Federal Capitol; that they had crossed the Potomac into Maryland, and celebrated the 4th of July by the victory at Point of Rocks; that when Sheridan was driving Early up the Valley of Virginia, they had constantly raided his line of communications and captured his outposts. We find from the records of the war that it required as many men to protect, from Mosby's attacks, the lines of communication from Fredericksburg to Washington, from Washington to Harper's Ferry, from Harper's Ferry to Winchester and Strasburg, as General Sheridan had employed in fighting Early's army in his fro
August 11th (search for this): chapter 1.37
s for that purpose. The fateful order. But what were the immediate events that led to the issuing of that order for the execution of Mosby's men? It seems that the movements of this little band of cavalry had become so important as to be the subject of almost daily bulletins from army headquarters. On August 9th, 1864, Sheridan telegraphed: Have heard nothing from Mosby to-day; but before the day closes Colonel Lazelle reports a detachment of his cavalry attacked and routed. On August 11th, General Weber reports: Mosby's command between Sheridan and Harper's Ferry; and on the 12th, Sheridan sends the Illinois cavalry to Loudoun with instructions to exterminate as many of Mosby's gang as they can. On the 13th occurred the memorable battle of Berryville, where Mosby with three hundred cavalry and three small howitzers attacked an equal number of the enemy's cavairy and brigade of three regiments of infantry, three thousand men in all, under command of Brigadier-General John
August 16th (search for this): chapter 1.37
t through other sources, and wired him on August 19th, asking if it were true. General Grant also heard of it, and on August 16th he sends the fatal order to Sheridan which closes with this ominous command, When any of Mosby's men are caught, hang t to this time (September 23d), which I shall again refer to. According to Sheridan, he had begun hanging prisoners on August 16th, and the only reason he gives for it is Mosby has annoyed me. To that charge I plead guilty. Instead of our going iny took any. Now, I do not believe that Sheridan ever communicated to his generals, to be executed, Grant's order of August 16th, for the reason that he knew I could hang 500 of his men where he could hang one of mine. He didn't want to play a gammanded brigades in Merritt's division. They would not have waited until September 23d to begin executing an order of August 16th. Torbert's, Merritt's and Lovell's reports speak of the Front Royal skirmish. Torbert says they killed 2 officers an
August 17th (search for this): chapter 1.37
Federal armies; and he quotes in proof of it the last line of the following dispatch from General Grant, who was in front of Petersburg, to Sheridan, who was 200 miles away: City Point, August 16th, 1864—1.30 P. M. (Received at 6.30 A. M., August 17th.) Major-General Sheridan, Commanding, &c., Winchester, Va. * * The families of most of Mosby's men are known and can be collected. I think they should be taken and kept at Fort Mc- Henry, or some secure place as hostages for the good condued his army through corps commanders; my battalion was the only exception. Although operating in the Valley, my command was independent of Early's army. Early was in front of Sheridan—I was behind him. I have quoted Sheridan's dispatches (August 17th to September 11th) about his hanging my men as guerrillas. After that he is silent on the subject. If he ever hung anybody he kept it a secret. I never heard of it until I read it in the war records. I am sure nobody else ever did; the war
August 18th (search for this): chapter 1.37
ajor-General. This reported execution of our men was purely visionary. It never existed except in the imagination, and it was never heard of except in this dispatch. If he executed any prisoners at that time they were not members of Mosby's command. But the correspondence shows that he was answering General Grant's message containing the order for the hanging of our men; and we can only conjecture his motive for reporting that he had already commenced the hanging. On the next day, August 18th, he received additional instructions from General Grant as follows: If you can possibly spare a division of cavalry send them through Loudoun county to destroy and carry off the crops, animals, wagons, and all men under fifty years of age capable of bearing arms. In this way you will get many of Mosby's men. And we find still another letter under date of November 9, 1664, as follows: Major-General Sheridan: Do you not think it advisable to notify all citizens living east of
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