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3rd (search for this): chapter 9
ured the blaze of the conflagration; amid rapine and riot and viler crimes—the city of Richmond fell. Every incident and almost every word in this account of the condition of Richmond on the 2nd and 3rd of April is taken from rebel narratives. It has been my aim, throughout this entire history, to employ as far as possible the language of eye-witnesses or participants. Weitzel, meanwhile, had been on the alert all night, prepared to attack in the morning; but, about three A. M. on the 3rd, it became evident that the rebels were abandoning their lines. He immediately directed the troops to be wakened, and gave orders for a movement at daybreak, the pickets to advance at once and feel the enemy's position. Major General Devens, Afterwards Attorney-General of the United States, under President Hayes. commanding the Third division of the Twenty-fourth corps, was the first to report, at five o'clock, that his picket line had possession of the enemy's works. Upon this Weitzel se
February 20th (search for this): chapter 9
eed to prepare for the assault which he must have seen was inevitable. On the contrary, he ordered Pickett to return towards Petersburg, Pickett's Report. and left Longstreet with ten thousand men north of the James, Lee's last return, February 20th, puts Longstreet's effective strength at 7,403, exclusive of Pickett. In emergencies the rebels habitually put their extra-duty men into battle, and these in Longstreet's command were 2,100 in number on the 20th of February. Besides these, 20th of February. Besides these, the local reserves in Richmond were sent to Longstreet on the 2nd of April. See Rebel War Clerk's Diary, Vol. II, p. 465. at the very moment when Grant was massing his forces to deal his heaviest blow. The bombardment presaged the coming storm, and Lee had received intelligence of the disaster at Five Forks. He still had in front of Grant, between the Appomattox and the Claiborne road, as many as forty thousand effective men, The numbers were 38,258, besides 4,207 on extra duty. and a lin
March 25th (search for this): chapter 9
rd that even the rebel government was yet apprised of the calamity at Five Forks. Lee's whole conduct at this crisis was that of a man whose faculties were beginning to give way amid the wreck of his cause and the crash of his army tumbling into ruins around him. On the morning of the 2nd of April, the assault was made by Wright and Parke; Ord and Humphreys at first waiting to ascertain the result on the right of the line. Wright had assembled his troops at the point where, on the 25th of March, he had carried the rebel entrenched picket line, in front of his old left. This was within striking distance of the enemy's main entrenchments. The national line here turned to the south, so that the Sixth corps faced both north and west, and fronted towards the Boydton road. The command was formed in three divisions, the centre somewhat in advance, and the other two right and left in front respectively, in order to be ready to move promptly in either direction. Five batteries acco
April 1st (search for this): chapter 9
battle arrived, he had directed Meade to hold Miles's division, of the Second corps, in readiness to move to the left; Miles's division should be wheeled by the right immediately, so as to prevent reinforcing against Sheridan.—Grant to Meade, April 1, 5.45 P. M. Miles's division has been ordered to swing around to the White Oak road.—Grant to Sheridan, April 1. and at 9.30 P. M., he said again: I would fix twelve to-night for starting Miles's division down White Oak road to join SheridanApril 1. and at 9.30 P. M., he said again: I would fix twelve to-night for starting Miles's division down White Oak road to join Sheridan, if the enemy is not started by that time and the Second corps in pursuit. With Miles's division, and what he already has, I think Sheridan could hold all of Lee's army that could be got against him till we could get up. The corps commanders, however, reported that they could not be ready to assault before morning, and the order was finally made definite for four A. M. Parke and Wright were to attack positively, and Humphreys and Ord, if they found the enemy leaving, or if for any other ca
April 2nd (search for this): chapter 9
espondence with Sherman Grant's dispositions on night of April 2nd Lee orders all troops to Amelia court—house object of Lbitants withdrawal of garrison firing of city night of April 2nd entrance of Weitzel Richmond saved by national soldierscal reserves in Richmond were sent to Longstreet on the 2nd of April. See Rebel War Clerk's Diary, Vol. II, p. 465. at theumbling into ruins around him. On the morning of the 2nd of April, the assault was made by Wright and Parke; Ord and Humpying columns. No assault was therefore ordered for the 2nd of April. Sheridan had already been directed to cross the Apen in the text were the only reports made by Lee on the 2nd of April, and that dated seven o'clock was the last he sent to his government. When night fell on the 2d of April, Lee was still holding the semicircular line south of the Appomattox whery word in this account of the condition of Richmond on the 2nd and 3rd of April is taken from rebel narratives. It has bee
April 3rd (search for this): chapter 9
ls, under curtains of smoke that half obscured the blaze of the conflagration; amid rapine and riot and viler crimes—the city of Richmond fell. Every incident and almost every word in this account of the condition of Richmond on the 2nd and 3rd of April is taken from rebel narratives. It has been my aim, throughout this entire history, to employ as far as possible the language of eye-witnesses or participants. Weitzel, meanwhile, had been on the alert all night, prepared to attack in theing straight to the public square, planted their guidons on the Capitol. Lieutenant de Peyster, of Weitzel's staff, a New York stripling, eighteen years of age, was the first to raise the national colors, and then, in the morning light of the 3rd of April, the flag of the United States once more floated over Richmond. The command of Weitzel followed not far behind, a long blue line, with gun-barrels gleaming, and bands playing Hail Columbia, and John Brown's soul goes marching on. One regim
April 5th (search for this): chapter 9
st defensive lines. I want you to see through if the enemy is leaving, and if so, follow him up. Grant's great anxiety was that Lee should not escape before the assault was made, and precipitate himself on Sheridan. Before the news of the battle arrived, he had directed Meade to hold Miles's division, of the Second corps, in readiness to move to the left; Miles's division should be wheeled by the right immediately, so as to prevent reinforcing against Sheridan.—Grant to Meade, April 1, 5.45 P. M. Miles's division has been ordered to swing around to the White Oak road.—Grant to Sheridan, April 1. and at 9.30 P. M., he said again: I would fix twelve to-night for starting Miles's division down White Oak road to join Sheridan, if the enemy is not started by that time and the Second corps in pursuit. With Miles's division, and what he already has, I think Sheridan could hold all of Lee's army that could be got against him till we could get up. The corps commanders, however,
1865 AD (search for this): chapter 9
an the risk of exasperating the victors; thus saving his military pride at the expense of his military honor. He did not attempt to protect the miserable wretches whom he abandoned, a prey to all the anguish of expectation and despair. His generals followed his example and his orders; What I did was in obedience to positive orders that had been given to me. . . . I did not exceed, but fell short of my instructions.—Letter of General Ewell, written at Fort Monroe while he was a prisoner. 1865. they withdrew after dark, and set fire to the warehouses in the most crowded part of the city as they fled; and when night came on the rebellion went down under an accumulation of agony and dread such as the world has seldom seen. When the news first spread that Richmond was to be evacuated, it was disbelieved. The citizens, we have seen, had been kept in utter ignorance of their danger, and even supposed a victory had been achieved. But the preparations at the Jefferson Davis house an
April, 1865 AD (search for this): chapter 9
the old renown of the army of Northern Virginia. The rebel writers, not satisfied with the legitimate glory won by the defenders of Fort Gregg, have magnified it into something marvellous. They declare that the garrison was only two hundred and fifty strong, and that these fought until only thirty were left alive. As the fort remained in the national possession, the rebels could not possibly have a knowledge of the number who surrendered. General Foster, who captured it, reported in April, 1865, before these fables were circulated, that two hundred and fifty were taken prisoner, officers and men, and fifty-seven dead were found inside. Fort Baldwin, the adjoining work, was at once evacuated, but the guns of Fort Gregg were turned on the retreating garrison, and the commander with sixty of his men surrendered. The line of investment was now materially shortened, and the national troops closed in around Petersburg. The prolonged defence of Fort Gregg, however, had given Le
Benham (search for this): chapter 9
ttacking the main line of works around Petersburg, whilst the others are only attacking an outer line, which the enemy might give up without giving up Petersburg. Parke should either advance rapidly, or cover his men and hold all he gets. At the same time he cautioned Weitzel, north of the James: The greatest vigilance is necessary on your part that the enemy do not cross the Appomattox to overwhelm and drive back Parke. To the staff officer left in charge at City Point he said: Instruct Benham to get the men at City Point out to the outer lines, and have them ready. While all our forces are going in, some enterprising rebels may possibly go through down there, in a fit of desperation, to do what damage they can. With all his aggressive audacity Grant never neglected the necessary precautions against similar traits in the enemy. Meanwhile the two corps on the left of the Sixth had made their advance. The ground in front of Ord was difficult, and his troops at first did not su
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