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es of the red men ever displayed more address or her oism than the brave John Lovewell and his companions. His volunteer associates twice returned laden with scalps. On a third expedition, falling into an am- 1725. April. bush of a larger party of Saco Indians, he lost his life in Fryeburg, near a sheet of water which has taken his name; and the little stream that feeds it is still known to the peaceful husbandman as the Battle Brook. At last, the eastern Indians, despairing of success Nov. instigated, but not supported, by the French, unable to contend openly with their opponents, and excelled even in their own methods of warfare, concluded a peace, which was solemnly ratified by the Indian 1726. Aug. 6. chiefs as far as the St. John, and was long and faithfully maintained. Influence by commerce took the place of influence by religion, and English tradinghouses supplanted French missions. The eastern boundary of New England was established. Beyond New England no armed col
November 28th (search for this): chapter 5
vince entered into an association to stand by their rights and privileges. It was remembered that the lords of trade had formerly declared the charter forfeit; that the house of peers had favored its prosecution; and, as the known hostil- 1719 Nov. 28. ity of Spain threatened an invasion, the assembly resolved to have no regard to the officers of the proprietaries or to their administration, and begged Robert Johnson, the governor, to hold the reins of government for the king. When Johnson, Chickasas; they prevailed in part with the Choctas; and a general massacre of the intruders was concerted. The arrival of boats from New Orleans with merchandise hastened the rising of the Natchez. On the morning of the twenty-eighth of 1729. Nov. 28. November, 1729, the work of blood began, and before noon nearly every Frenchman in the colony was murdered. The Great Sun, taking his seat under the storehouse of the company, smoked the calumet in complacency, while the head of Chopart was
its most malignant form; and the Sept. country south of Pamlico Sound seemed destined to become once more a wilderness. But Spotswood succeeded in dividing the Tuscaroras. Large reenforcements of Indians from South Carolina arrived, with a Nov Dec. few white men, under James Moore; the enemy were pursued to their fort (within the limits of the present 1713 Mar. Greene county) on the Neuse; and, on its surrender, eight hundred became captives. The legislature of North Carolina, assembling ig, they elected the brave James Moore, a favorite with the people, whom all the country had allowed to be the fittest person for undertaking its defence. The mili- Hawks' Mss. i. 414. tia of Charleston was to be reviewed on the twentyfirst of December; and that day was selected for pro Chap. XXIII.} claiming the new chief magistrate. To Parris, the 1719 commanding officer, Johnson issued particular orders 1719 to delay the muster, nor suffer a drum to be beat in the town. But the people o
ndly continued to disembark on the miserable coast; and, even in 1721, Bienville himself a second time established the head quarters of Louisiana at Biloxi. Meantime, Alberoni, the active minister of Spain, Chap. XXIII.} having, contrary to the interests of France and of Spain, involved the two countries in a war, De Serigny 1719. arrived in February of 1719, with orders to take possession of Pensacola. This is the bay called, in the days of De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29. the town, and attempted, in their turn, to c
ontinued to disembark on the miserable coast; and, even in 1721, Bienville himself a second time established the head quarters of Louisiana at Biloxi. Meantime, Alberoni, the active minister of Spain, Chap. XXIII.} having, contrary to the interests of France and of Spain, involved the two countries in a war, De Serigny 1719. arrived in February of 1719, with orders to take possession of Pensacola. This is the bay called, in the days of De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29. the town, and attempted, in their turn, to conquer
serable coast; and, even in 1721, Bienville himself a second time established the head quarters of Louisiana at Biloxi. Meantime, Alberoni, the active minister of Spain, Chap. XXIII.} having, contrary to the interests of France and of Spain, involved the two countries in a war, De Serigny 1719. arrived in February of 1719, with orders to take possession of Pensacola. This is the bay called, in the days of De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29. the town, and attempted, in their turn, to conquer the French posts on Dauphine I
la, of the Kenawha and the Tennessee. Half a mile from the head of the southern branch of the Savannah River is Herbert's Spring, which flows to the Mississippi: strangers, who drank Adah 231 of it, would say they had tasted of French waters. The energy of the centralized government of New France enabled it to act with promptness; and, before the English government could direct its thoughts to the consequences, the French had secured their influence on the head-springs of the Ohio. In 1698, a branch of the Shawnees, offended with Chap. XXIII.} the French, established themselves at Conestogo; in William Penn received them as a part of the people of Pennsylvania; and they scattered themselves along the upper branches of the Delaware and the Susquehannah. About the year 1724, the Delaware Indians, for the conveniency of game, migrated to the branches of the Ohio; and, in 1728, the Shawnees gradually followed them. They were soon met by James Logan, Mss. Canadian traders; and J
ed at Albany, in September, 1726, the cession of the Iroquois country west of Lake Erie, and north of Erie and Ontario, was confirmed; and, in addition, a strip of sixty miles in width, extending from Oswego to Cuyahoga River at Cleveland, was submitted and granted, by sachems of the three western tribes, to their sovereign lord, King George, to be protected and defended by his said majesty, for the use of the said three nations. The chiefs could give no new validity to the alleged treaty of 1701; they had no authority to make a cession of land; nor were they conscious of attempting it. If France had renounced its rights to Western New York, it had done so only by the treaty of Utrecht. Each new ground for an English claim, was a confession that the terms of that treaty were far from being explicit. But France did not merely remonstrate against the attempt to curtail its limits and appropriate its provinces. Entering Lake Champlain, it established, in 1731, the fortress of the Cr
; Such as she bred when fresh and young, When heavenly flame did animate her clay, By future poets shall be sung. Westward the course of empire takes its way. The four first acts already past, A fifth shall close the drama with the day. Time's noblest offspring is the last. To free schools and colleges the periodical press had been added, and newspapers began their office in America as the ministers to curiosity and the guides and organs of opinion. On the twenty-fourth day of April, in 1704, the Boston News-Letter, the first ever published on the western continent, saw the light in the metropolis of New England. In 1719, it obtained a rival at Boston, and was imitated at Philadelphia In 1740, the number of newspapers in the English Chap. XXIII.} colonies on the continent had increased to eleven, of which one appeared in South Carolina, one in Virginia, three in Pennsylvania,—one of them being in German, —one in New York, and the remaining five in Boston. The sheet at first u
and the warriors of the tribe put themselves wholly under the protection of Louis XV., having, at their whim, hoisted a white flag in their town. It was even rumored that, in 1731, the French were building strong houses for them. The government of Canada annually sent them presents and messages of friendship, and deliberately pursued the design of estranging them from the English. The dangerous extent of the French claims had for a long time attracted the attention of the colonies. To 1710, 1711. resist it was one of the earliest efforts of Spotswood, who hoped to extend the line of the Virginia settle- Spotswood's Ms. Letters. ments far enough to the west to interrupt the chain of communication between Canada and the Gulf of Mexico. He caused, also, the passes in the mountains to be examined; desired to promote settlements beyond them; and sought to concentrate within his province bands of friendly Indians. Finding other measures Logan's Memorial unavailing, he planned the
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