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Browsing named entities in a specific section of George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10. Search the whole document.

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March 19th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
worship was voluntary; the property then belonging to societies of the church of England, or any other religious societies, was secured to them in perpetuity. The people were to enjoy forever the right of elect- Chap. V.} 1778. ing their own pastors or clergy; but the state was entitled to security for the due discharge of the pastoral office by the persons so elected. Of slaves or slavery no mention was made unless by implication. The constitution having been adopted on the nineteenth of March, 1778, to go into effect on the following twenty-ninth of November, all resident free male persons in the state above sixteen years, refusing to take the oath to maintain it against the king of Great Britain and all other enemies, were exiled; but a period of twelve months after their departure was allowed them to dispose of their property. In October, 1778, after the intention of the British to reduce South Carolina became known, death was made the penalty for refusing to depart from th
March 27th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
n among those who are most dependent on the ministers and most attached to them; nay, it prevails among the ministers themselves. Lord Barrington's Life, 186. Lord North was convinced of the ruinous tendency of his measures, and professed, but only professed, an earnest wish to resign office. Lord Mansfield deplored the danger of a war with both houses of the Bourbons. Report of Interview of Lord Mansfield with Escarano, Spanish Ambassador in London, in Escarano to Florida Blanca, 27 March, 1778. The landed aristocracy were grown weary of the conflict which they had brought on, and of which the continuance promised only increasing taxation and a visible loss of national dignity and importance. So long as there remained a hope of recovering America the ministers were supported, for they alone would undertake its reduction. The desire to replace them by statesmen more worthy of a great people implied the consent to peace on the basis of American independence. The reflective o
July 8th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
egan firing as they drew near, and at the third vol- Chap. V.} 1778. ley stood within one hundred yards of the ambush, when the Seneca braves began the attack and were immediately seconded by the rangers. The Senecas gave no quarter, and in less than a half hour took two hundred and twenty-five scalps, among them those of two field officers and seven captains. The rangers saved the lives of but five of their captives. Major John Butler to Lieutenant-colonel Bolton, dated Lacuwanack, 8 July, 1778. On the British side only two whites were killed and eight Indians wounded. The next day the remaining forts, filled chiefly with women and children, capitulated. The long and wailing procession of the survivors, flying from their fields of corn, their gardens, the flames of their cottages, the unburied bodies of their beloved defenders, escaped by a pass through the hills to the eastern settlements. Every fort and dwelling was burned down. The Senecas spread over the surrounding co
July 15th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
ttle, could pilots have been found to take its largest ships through the channel. Since New York could not be reached, d'estaing, ignorant of — the secret policy of France and Spain, Chap. V.} 1778. indulged the dream of capturing the British towns in Newfoundland and annexing that island to the American republic as a fourteenth state with representation in congress. Extract of a letter of the Count d'estaing to Gerard de Rayneval, in Gerard de Rayneval to the Count de Vergennes, 15 July, 1778. Washington proposed to employ the temporary superiority at sea in the capture of Rhode Island and its garrison of six thousand men. He had in advance summoned Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island to send quotas of their militia for the expedition. The council of war of Rhode Island, exceeding his requirement, called out one half of the effective force of the state for twenty days from the first of August, and ordered the remainder to be ready at a minute's warning. Out of his
July 27th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
ved d'estaing as aid and interpreter. On the twenty-ninth of July, while Clinton was reporting to Germain that he would probably be under the necessity of evacuating New York and retiring to Halifax, Sir H. Clinton to Lord George Germain, 27 July, 1778. the French fleet, with thirty-five hundred land troops on board, appeared off Newport, and the British saw themselves forced to destroy ten or more armed ships and galleys, carrying two hundred and twelve guns. The country was palpitatinges of weakness, so they reported, our cause has visibly declined. Lord Carlisle and other commissioners to Germain, New York, 5 Sept., 1778. Sir Henry Clinton threatened to evacuate New York and to retire to Halifax, Clinton to Germain, 27 July, 1778. remonstrated against being reduced to a starved defensive, Clinton to Haldimand, 9 Sept., 1778. and complained of being kept in command, a mournful witness of the debility of his army; were he only unshackled with instructions, he might r
August 12th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
cticut, New York, Virginia, and at least one of the Carolinas, might claim by royal grant an almost boundless extension to the north and west,—alone arrested the consummation of the confederation by demanding that the public lands north-west of the Ohio should first be recognised as the common property of all the states, and held as a common resource to discharge the debts contracted by congress for the Chap. V.} 1778. July 8. expenses of the war. Gerard to Vergennes, Philadelphia, 12 August, 1778. On the eighth of July the French fleet, consisting of twelve ships of the line and three frigates, after a rough voyage of nearly ninety days from Toulon, anchored in the bay of Delaware; ten days too late to intercept the inferior squadron of Lord Howe and its multitude of transports on their retreat from Philadelphia. Its admiral, the Count d'estaing, a major-general in the French army, had persuaded Marie Antoinette to propose the expedition. On the eleventh, congress learned
September, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
Chapter 5: How far America had achieved independence at the time of the French alliance. July—September, 1778. confined between ridges three miles apart, the Chap. V.} 1778. Susquehanna, for a little more than twenty miles, winds through the valley of Wyoming. Abrupt rocks, rent by tributary streams, rise on the east, while the western declivities are luxuriantly fertile. Connecticut, whose charter from Charles the Second was older than that of Pennsylvania, using its prior claim to lands north of the Mamaroneck river, had colonized this beautiful region and governed it as its county of Westmoreland. The settlements, begun in 1754, increased in numbers and wealth till their annual tax amounted to two thousand pounds in Connecticut currency. In the winter of 1776, the people aided Washington with two companies of infantry, though their men were all needed to protect their own homes. Knowing the alliance of the British with the Six Nations, they built a line of ten fo
September 5th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
y dissensions between the minister for America in England and the highest British officials in America, and was fol- Chap. V.} 1778. lowed by never-ending complaints. Lord Carlisle and his associate commissioners deprecated the seeming purpose of enfeebling the establishment at New York by detachments for different and distant services. Under these appearances of weakness, so they reported, our cause has visibly declined. Lord Carlisle and other commissioners to Germain, New York, 5 Sept., 1778. Sir Henry Clinton threatened to evacuate New York and to retire to Halifax, Clinton to Germain, 27 July, 1778. remonstrated against being reduced to a starved defensive, Clinton to Haldimand, 9 Sept., 1778. and complained of being kept in command, a mournful witness of the debility of his army; were he only unshackled with instructions, he might render serious service. Clinton to Germain, 8 Oct., 1778. Every detachment for the southern campaign was made with sullen reluctance;
September 9th, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
e highest British officials in America, and was fol- Chap. V.} 1778. lowed by never-ending complaints. Lord Carlisle and his associate commissioners deprecated the seeming purpose of enfeebling the establishment at New York by detachments for different and distant services. Under these appearances of weakness, so they reported, our cause has visibly declined. Lord Carlisle and other commissioners to Germain, New York, 5 Sept., 1778. Sir Henry Clinton threatened to evacuate New York and to retire to Halifax, Clinton to Germain, 27 July, 1778. remonstrated against being reduced to a starved defensive, Clinton to Haldimand, 9 Sept., 1778. and complained of being kept in command, a mournful witness of the debility of his army; were he only unshackled with instructions, he might render serious service. Clinton to Germain, 8 Oct., 1778. Every detachment for the southern campaign was made with sullen reluctance; and his indirect criminations offended the unforgiving minister.
October, 1778 AD (search for this): chapter 6
s so elected. Of slaves or slavery no mention was made unless by implication. The constitution having been adopted on the nineteenth of March, 1778, to go into effect on the following twenty-ninth of November, all resident free male persons in the state above sixteen years, refusing to take the oath to maintain it against the king of Great Britain and all other enemies, were exiled; but a period of twelve months after their departure was allowed them to dispose of their property. In October, 1778, after the intention of the British to reduce South Carolina became known, death was made the penalty for refusing to depart from the state, or for returning without permission. Statutes of South Carolina, i. 150; IV. 452. The planters of South Carolina still partook of their usual pastimes and cares; while the British ministry, resigning the hope of reducing the north, indulged the expectation of conquering all the states to the south of the Susquehanna. Germain to Clinton, 8
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