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S. Bassett French (search for this): chapter 2.13
y woods. The 9,000 Confederate infantry which was in Mississippi was only observing the large Federal force (40,000). Of course the Federals could have moved 20,000 out of this number (40,000) from the fortified posts of Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Natchez and Memphis, without any serious danger, to be used in the next Georgia campaign. Sherman says this was actually done. It could have been done without his Meridian expedition. Does the General forget that the Confederate infantry (Loring and French), which was in Mississippi at the time of his expedition, was also in Johnston's army when his 20,000 men were moved there from the Mississippi river. They got there, too, by moving on interior lines, while his had to move on exterior lines. He says he failed utterly to destroy Forrest. So what was the military gain by his expedition? He utterly failed to paralyze the Confederate States forces, the infantry moving to counteract the movement of Federal troops for the Georgia campaign.
Gardner (search for this): chapter 2.13
dition of affairs (well known to Sherman), there remained at Natchez a large division of Federals under General Davidson; at Vicksburg, McPherson's Seventeenth army corps; at Memphis, Hurlbut's Sixteenth army corps, and about ten thousand cavalry under his command, including General W. S. Smith's in West Tennessee--amounting in all to about forty thousand effectives, guarding the Mississippi bank of the river, and not including the immense gunboat fleet on the river itself. Pemberton's and Gardner's Confederate States armies having been captured, there remained in observation of this large force in Mississippi two small divisions of Confederate States infantry, Loring at Canton, and French at Morton — about nine thousand men. S. D. Lee, with four brigades of cavalry — Stark and Ross of Jackson's division and Ferguson's and Adams' brigades — covering the country from opposite Yazoo City to Natchez, numbering about three thousand five hundred (3,500) effectives. Forrest was south of<
Grant (search for this): chapter 2.13
t without firing a shot, while a man who could not well drill a company, with three thousand (3,000) cavalry, one-half raw troops, saved the State by defeating General Grant's Chief of Cavalry with seven thousand (7,000) picked troops. The expedition of Sherman from Vicksburg to Meridian, Mississippi, in February, 1864, with an en thousand picked men, has been regarded by competent military critics as one of the very singular and erratic moves of that Federal General, who, ranking next to Grant among Federal Generals, can point to no pitched battle of his own risk and conception in a four years war, to sustain his reputation. In July, 1863, the Confedeal to cross. It was essentially free from annoyance, even of field batteries and riflemen. This was fully comprehended by General Sherman, who previously, by General Grant's direction, had penetrated Mississippi beyond Brandon, pushing General Joe Johnston and his small force almost to Meridian. Raymond, Jackson and Brandon had
Grierson (search for this): chapter 2.13
. L. Woodward, United States army, who was Adjutant-General on General Grierson's staff in this expedition, the General being second in commanl Smith and the rest of the command, and it being nearly dark, General Grierson halted, and immediately prepared a crossing of the stream to bight, his mind at times bordering on delirium, and he sent for General Grierson, and told him he was very sick, and that he (Grierson) would hGrierson) would have to take command. He then asked General Grierson what he would do in the morning. The reply was that he would proceed towards Meridian. General Grierson what he would do in the morning. The reply was that he would proceed towards Meridian. General Smith then said, No! that will never do. General Stephen D. Lee is in front of us with his whole force, including infantry and artillrs, gave orders for a retrogade movement at dawn, and directed General Grierson to hold the rear with this brigade heretofore mentioned. Therhave retreated before the force which was then in front of us. General Grierson's recollection of the affair coincides with mine, and I have f
Griffith (search for this): chapter 2.13
d W. H. Jackson alone were mounted — numbering about ninety men all told. Major W. H. Bridges, of Texas, was temporarily connected with the command — an officer for just such an emergency. He was ordered to lead the two companies, and check the advancing Federals. It was a choice command, fearlessly led, and did the work assigned it, but with the loss of the noble leader and many of his followers. The charge saved Adams' brigade, which was retired, mounted and moved over Baker's creek. Griffith's Arkansas regiment was thrown into the woods near the crossing, thus permitting the two companies to sweep over the bridge when gradually pressed back by the superior numbers engaging them, and punishing the Federals for following too closely. On the 5th the cavalry was steadily pushed back to Jackson, where it arrived about dark, passing out on the road towards Canton, to enable General Loring's infantry division to cross Pearl river from Canton, moving towards Morton on the Jackson an
William J. Hardee (search for this): chapter 2.13
cise of a wise discretion, determined from the first not to fight Sherman, if his army was as large as represented, for he felt that he was too weak to inflict a telling blow unless he was considerably reinforced. He determined to let Sherman expend himself in the piney woods, unless he moved to the Tombigbee river towards Selma, or towards Mobile, in which case he expected to receive assistance from Johnston's army in Georgia, and to crush Sherman. The movement of troops for this purpose (Hardee's corps) was at the time in progress. General Polk's orders to Lee, operating against Sherman, plainly showed he did not want Sherman materially interfered with, but rather encouraged to move as far as he would. 'Tis true, Sherman's march was skillfully conducted, and he gave Lee but little opportunity to hurt him. In fact, Lee could only keep in his foragers and stragglers, and aid him in keeping compact while in motion. General Polk, in carrying out his plan, at once seized the oppo
Houston (search for this): chapter 2.13
great sagacity. He felt doubtful of meeting Smith successfully and overcoming his 7,000 men with his 3,500, and he felt that he must overcome this disadvantage. His point of concentration was far to the southeast and in front of several almost impassable swamps, in a pocket formed by several streams, where he could offer formidable resistance, and be near enough to receive assistance from General Polk, if he could furnish it. He could have concentrated at a shorter distance, at Pontotoc, Houston or Okolona, but he might have been interfered with before he was ready, and the country was not so suitable for defence as that selected. Smith commenced his retreat before Forrest offered him any serious resistance, and because he knew of Lee's near approach and junction with Forrest. In his official report, Smith says, of his retreating from West Point: Exaggerated reports of Forrest's strength reached me constantly, and it was reported that Lee was about to reinforce him with a portio
Hurlbut (search for this): chapter 2.13
stitute of supplies for either army. Notwithstanding this condition of affairs (well known to Sherman), there remained at Natchez a large division of Federals under General Davidson; at Vicksburg, McPherson's Seventeenth army corps; at Memphis, Hurlbut's Sixteenth army corps, and about ten thousand cavalry under his command, including General W. S. Smith's in West Tennessee--amounting in all to about forty thousand effectives, guarding the Mississippi bank of the river, and not including the i observation and from information derived from scouts and prisoners, both on the flank and rear of the enemy, fixed Sherman's force as consisting of two corps (of two divisions each), commanded by Major-Generals McPherson (Seventeenth corps) and Hurlbut (Sixteenth corps); a brigade of cavalry, under Colonel Winston; about forty pieces of artillery, with a considerable wagon train. The entire force was estimated at twenty-six thousand (26,000) effectives. The skirmishing on this day was handso
Stonewall Jackson (search for this): chapter 2.13
ield batteries and riflemen. This was fully comprehended by General Sherman, who previously, by General Grant's direction, had penetrated Mississippi beyond Brandon, pushing General Joe Johnston and his small force almost to Meridian. Raymond, Jackson and Brandon had already felt the Sherman torch, and monumental chimneys marked the localities of these towns. The country from Vicksburg to Brandon had already been laid waste and desolated, and beyond Brandon towards Meridian was a poor, piney, there remained in observation of this large force in Mississippi two small divisions of Confederate States infantry, Loring at Canton, and French at Morton — about nine thousand men. S. D. Lee, with four brigades of cavalry — Stark and Ross of Jackson's division and Ferguson's and Adams' brigades — covering the country from opposite Yazoo City to Natchez, numbering about three thousand five hundred (3,500) effectives. Forrest was south of Tallahatchie river in northwest Mississippi, picket<
W. H. Jackson (search for this): chapter 2.13
aw on the short notice. The two escort companies of Generals S. D. Lee and W. H. Jackson alone were mounted — numbering about ninety men all told. Major W. H. Bridr following too closely. On the 5th the cavalry was steadily pushed back to Jackson, where it arrived about dark, passing out on the road towards Canton, to enablcrossed over Pearl river — Ferguson placing himself in front of the enemy, and Jackson, with his two brigades, moving on his flank at Brandon and Pelahatchie station to abandon the Yazoo country and join his command operating against Sherman. Jackson did his work well, forcing the enemy to abandon all foraging and confine his md at Okalona Forrest captured six guns. On February 24th Lee ordered General W. H. Jackson, with his division and Adams' and Ferguson's brigades, to move towards rass Sherman, then on his return march to Vicksburg. This duty was well done, Jackson killing and capturing a considerable number of the enemy and taking twenty wag
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