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Browsing named entities in a specific section of Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 1, Colonial and Revolutionary Literature: Early National Literature: Part I (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.). Search the whole document.

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Jonathan Edwards (search for this): chapter 2.18
pulpits. See Book I, Chap. IV. The career of Jonathan Edwards serves, by contrast, to tell the story of what was ha religious world. The New Calvinists, as the followers of Edwards were called, went on to develop a theology of their own, want in spirit. The stern Calvinism of Dr. Samuel Hopkins, Edwards's pupil, the minister to whose preaching Channing listenedglancing at three of her foremost spiritual figures: Jonathan Edwards, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and William James (James, curio phase of New England religious evolution than Emerson and Edwards were of two of its earlier stages). Edwards, the last greaEdwards, the last great apostle of theocratic dogmatism; Emerson, the prophet of a generation of romantic aspiration; James, the pragmatic philosopt to demolishing the remnants of the Calvinistic structure Edwards had done so much to fortify. James's career was one long e men toward nature well illustrate their differences. To Edwards, in spite of his feeling for natural beauty, nature is ess
George Ripley (search for this): chapter 2.18
e natural sequel of Puritanism. Channing. the German influence. the transcendental Club. the General principles of transcendentalism. its Vagaries. Alcott. Ripley. Brook Farm. the Dial. Margaret Fuller. Parker. abolitionism. the relations of European and American transcendentalism. the essentially native character ofd in its conviction that right thinking would lead toward better social conditions — in the end, indeed, to a perfect society. But it is important to notice that Ripley alone of the original members of the Transcendental Club had an active share in the enterprise and that while Emerson, Alcott, Theodore Parker, and Margaret Fulle, for criticism, passing over at last into an effort for social betterment — which latter note is struck earlier and more resoundingly in the social Utopianism of Ripley and the other Brook Farmers. In Parker it takes on particularly the form of extreme theological radicalism, a radicalism successfully undergoing the test of prac
Plato (search for this): chapter 2.18
ghbours up, we feel that here is the homely New England version of Shelley's cry to the West Wind: Be through my lips to unawakened earth The trumpet of a prophecy! When Thoreau, on another occasion, writes that he was not aware that the capacity to hear the woodpecker had slumbered within me so long, the words have all the spontaneity of underived utterance, and yet who can deny that the peculiar turn of that expression goes back through German or we know not what other channels to Plato and still remoter Eastern sources? This mention of the East is suggestive of all the weaknesses of transcendentalism: its tendency to neglect proximate and to refer everything to primal causes; its attempt to attain the spiritual not by subduing but by turning its back on the material; its proneness to substitute passivity and receptiveness for alertness and creative force; its traces of a paralysing pantheism and fatalism; its ineffectualness; its atrophy of will. More than a touch of e
Thoreau (search for this): chapter 2.18
argaret Fuller, Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth and Sophia Peabody, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Jones Very, Christopher P. Cranch, Charles T. Follen, lcott's sojourn with his friends at Fruitlands and, still more so, Thoreau's experiment on the shore of Walden Pond. See Book II, Chap. Xpportunity and encouragement it afforded to the literary genius of Thoreau. In addition to his and Emerson's, there were, among others, metrg the test of practical application in the abolition movement. In Thoreau it is present — in none of the group more ethereally — as a spiritof Rousseau's Man is born free; and is everywhere in chains. When Thoreau proclaims an intention to brag as lustily as chanticleer in the mogh my lips to unawakened earth The trumpet of a prophecy! When Thoreau, on another occasion, writes that he was not aware that the capaciister the Lord's Supper or pray when he did not feel like praying, Thoreau going to jail for a refusal to pay his taxes, Alcott closing his s
De Stael (search for this): chapter 2.18
illiant parts. The interest thus aroused was fostered by the coming to Harvard a few years later, as instructor in German, of Charles T. Follen, a political exile. From about this time, some direct knowledge of Kant, Fichte, and Schelling, of Schleiermacher, of Goethe and Schiller — of Goethe probably more than of any other German writer-gradually began to make its way into New England, while the indirect German influence was even greater, coming in part through France in the works of Madame de Stael, Cousin, and Jouffroy, but much more significantly through England, in subtle form in the poetry of Wordsworth, more openly in the writings of Coleridge, There is practically no question that of all these influences the works of Coleridge stand first in importance, and it is due to this fact that New England transcendentalism, in so far as it is a philosophy, bears a closer resemblance to the metaphysical system of Schelling (whose influence on Coleridge is well known) than to that o
Edward Everett (search for this): chapter 2.18
phy, religion, and literature make clear, a new spirit was abroad in the land, and though Channing himself had caught much of it from other and earlier sources, it is certain that German philosophy and literature, some of it directly, much more of it indirectly, was, by the third decade of the century, becoming a chief influence in its dissemination. The impetus toward things German had come, about 1819, with the return to America from Gottingen of George Ticknor, George Bancroft, and Edward Everett, young men, all of them, of brilliant parts. The interest thus aroused was fostered by the coming to Harvard a few years later, as instructor in German, of Charles T. Follen, a political exile. From about this time, some direct knowledge of Kant, Fichte, and Schelling, of Schleiermacher, of Goethe and Schiller — of Goethe probably more than of any other German writer-gradually began to make its way into New England, while the indirect German influence was even greater, coming in part t
Richard Henry Dana (search for this): chapter 2.18
d the other Brook Farmers. In Parker it takes on particularly the form of extreme theological radicalism, a radicalism successfully undergoing the test of practical application in the abolition movement. In Thoreau it is present — in none of the group more ethereally — as a spiritualized feeling for nature, a fine dissolvent of convention, a pervasive and contagious influence toward natural and simple living. These considerations, together with the implication of such names as Hawthorne, Dana, Curtis, and a dozen others, show how impossible it is not only to define the nature but to fix the limits of transcendentalism. Transcendentalism was, in fact, simply the focus and energizing centre of that larger area of illumination and activity which is coextensive with the whole movement of literary and spiritual expansion that transformed New England during the second and third quarters of the nineteenth century. For purposes of historical and critical discrimination, to be sure, it
Goethe (search for this): chapter 2.18
he interest thus aroused was fostered by the coming to Harvard a few years later, as instructor in German, of Charles T. Follen, a political exile. From about this time, some direct knowledge of Kant, Fichte, and Schelling, of Schleiermacher, of Goethe and Schiller — of Goethe probably more than of any other German writer-gradually began to make its way into New England, while the indirect German influence was even greater, coming in part through France in the works of Madame de Stael, Cousin, Goethe probably more than of any other German writer-gradually began to make its way into New England, while the indirect German influence was even greater, coming in part through France in the works of Madame de Stael, Cousin, and Jouffroy, but much more significantly through England, in subtle form in the poetry of Wordsworth, more openly in the writings of Coleridge, There is practically no question that of all these influences the works of Coleridge stand first in importance, and it is due to this fact that New England transcendentalism, in so far as it is a philosophy, bears a closer resemblance to the metaphysical system of Schelling (whose influence on Coleridge is well known) than to that of any other thinke
Harold Clarke Goddard (search for this): chapter 2.18
Chapter 8: transcendentalism Harold Clarke Goddard, Ph.D., Professor of English in Swarthmore College. New England transcendentalism a phase of a world-wide movement. religious rather than political. transcendentalism the natural sequel of Puritanism. Channing. the German influence. the transcendental Club. the General principles of transcendentalism. its Vagaries. Alcott. Ripley. Brook Farm. the Dial. Margaret Fuller. Parker. abolitionism. the relations of European and American transcendentalism. the essentially native character of New England transcendentalism New England transcendentalism was a late and local manifestation of that great movement for the liberation of humanity which, invading practically every sphere of civilized activity, swept over Europe at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century. With the fading of the Renaissance, Europe had passed into an age of criticism, during which all it had inherited and achie
F. D. E. Schleiermacher (search for this): chapter 2.18
the century, becoming a chief influence in its dissemination. The impetus toward things German had come, about 1819, with the return to America from Gottingen of George Ticknor, George Bancroft, and Edward Everett, young men, all of them, of brilliant parts. The interest thus aroused was fostered by the coming to Harvard a few years later, as instructor in German, of Charles T. Follen, a political exile. From about this time, some direct knowledge of Kant, Fichte, and Schelling, of Schleiermacher, of Goethe and Schiller — of Goethe probably more than of any other German writer-gradually began to make its way into New England, while the indirect German influence was even greater, coming in part through France in the works of Madame de Stael, Cousin, and Jouffroy, but much more significantly through England, in subtle form in the poetry of Wordsworth, more openly in the writings of Coleridge, There is practically no question that of all these influences the works of Coleridge st
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