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Yale (search for this): chapter 1
t hundred pounds, or four thousand dollars; and the wages of the chief justice were ten shillings a day while on service. In each county a magistrate acted as judge of probate, and the business was transacted with small expense to the fatherless. Trumbull. i. 452, 453. Education was always esteemed a concern of deepest interest, and there were common schools from the first. Nor was it long before a small college, such as the day of small things permitted, began to be established; and Yale owes its birth to ten worthy fathers, who, in 1700, assembled at Branford, and each one, laying a few volumes on a table, said, I give these books for the founding of a college in this colony. But the political education of the people is due to the happy organization of towns, which here, as indeed throughout all New England, constituted each separate settlement a little democracy of itself. It was the natural reproduction of the system, which the instinct of humanity had imperfectly re
Pepys (search for this): chapter 1
ered at him plainly as a thick-skulled fool; and the more courteous Pepys paints him as a heavy, dull man, who will not hinder business, and us and so brilliant, that the city seemed encircled with a halo; Pepys, i. 15. 18. and under a clear sky, with a favoring wind, the path onable love. The shouting and general joy were past imagination. Pepys. On the journey from Dover to London, the hillocks all the way were, in the territory of a free and independent state, The story in Pepys, II. 149, 150, 4to. ed., is very unfavorable to De Witt. less securong purpose or steady application. He read imperfectly and ill Pepys, i. 243. When drunk, he was a silly, good-natured, subservient fool. Pepys, II. 130. In the council of state, he played with his dog, never minding the business, or making a speech, memorable only for its sited the naval magazines, his talk was equally idle and frothy. Pepys, i. 243 The best trait in his character was his natural kindlin
Pride (search for this): chapter 1
ing, and held him in their special custody. Now, said the exulting Cromwell, now that I have the king in my hands, I have the parliament in my pocket. At length the Presbyterian majority, sustained by the admirable eloquence of Prynne, attempted to dispense with the army, and by a decided vote resolved 1648 Dec. 5. to make peace with the king. To save its party from an entire defeat, the army interposed, and Dec 6. purged the house of commons. Hear us, said the excluded members to Colonel Pride, who expelled them. I cannot spare the time, replied the soldier. By what right are we arrested? demanded they of the extravagant Hugh Peters. By the right of the sword, answered the late envoy from Massachusetts. You are called, said he, as he preached to the decimated parliament, to lead the people out of Egyptian bondage; this army must root up monarchy, not only here, but in France and other kingdoms round about. C. Walker, Hist. of Independency, II. 50, 51 (published anonymou
William Penn (search for this): chapter 1
brother with the country between Pemaquid and the St. 1664 Croix. The proprietary rights to New Hampshire and 1677 Maine were revived, with the intent to purchase then Chap. XI.} for the duke of Monmouth. The fine country from Connecticut River to Delaware Bay, tenanted by nearly ten thousand souls, in spite of the charter to 1664. Winthrop, and the possession of the Dutch, was, like part of Maine, given to the duke of York. The charter which secured a large and fertile province to William Penn, and thus invested philanthropy with 1681. executive power on the western bank of the Delaware, was a grant from Charles II. After Philip's war in New England, Mount Hope was hardly rescued from a 1679. courtier, then famous as the author of two indifferent comedies. The grant of Nova Scotia to Sir Thomas Temple was not revoked, while, with the inconsistency of ignorance, Acadia, with indefinite boundaries, was 1667. restored to the French. From the outer cape of Nova Scotia to Flor
Roger Williams (search for this): chapter 1
he great conception of the age, the doctrine of Roger Williams and Descartes, freedom of conscience. Approbatem, the father-in-law of the younger Winthrop; R. Williams to J. Winthrop, Jr., in Knowles, 310. You were ther, from my soul, honor and love them. one whom Roger Williams honored and loved, and whom Milton is supposed nd Quakers, and the freemen of Rhode Island, Roger Williams's Letters, in Knowles. were alike his eulogistslfare never suffered at the hands of plain men. Roger Williams had ever been a welcome guest at Hartford; and nly man, John Haynes, would say to him, I think, Mr. Williams, I must now confesse to you, that the most wise arles II. with still greater liberality. When Roger Williams had succeeded in obtaining from the Long Parliaught office to advance their fortunes; he, like Roger Williams, parted with his little means for the public goBackus's History of the Baptists, and Knowles's Roger Williams. The Mass. Hist. Coll. contain many useful do
Callender (search for this): chapter 1
ends, demanding a double diligence in guards against oppression, and in the firm support of the good of the people. The instruction of all the people in their rights, he esteemed the creative power of good in the colony; and he adds,— for in his view Christianity established political equality, —You are the unworthiest men upon the earth, if you do lose the liberty wherewith Christ hath made you free in life and glory. The leading printed authorities for early Rhode Island history, are Callender's Century Sermon, Backus's History of the Baptists, and Knowles's Roger Williams. The Mass. Hist. Coll. contain many useful documents, too various to be specially cited. Our Rhode Island Historical Society has published five valuable volumes. Hopkins's History of Providence is not accurate; it is in the Mass. Hist. Coll. Compare, also, Walsh's Appeal, 431, &c. Let me not forget to add the reprints from the Records, and the Commentaries of Henry Bull, of Newport. Besides printed works
George Fox (search for this): chapter 1
, indeed, Rhode Island was betrayed into Chap. XI.} inconsistency. There had been great difficulties in collecting taxes, and towns had refused to pay their rates. In 1671, the general assembly passed a law, inflicting a severe penalty on any one who should speak in town-meeting against the payment of the assessments. The law lost to its advocates their reelection in the next year, the magistrates were 1672. selected from the people called Quakers, and freedom of debate was restored. George Fox himself was present among his Friends, demanding a double diligence in guards against oppression, and in the firm support of the good of the people. The instruction of all the people in their rights, he esteemed the creative power of good in the colony; and he adds,— for in his view Christianity established political equality, —You are the unworthiest men upon the earth, if you do lose the liberty wherewith Christ hath made you free in life and glory. The leading printed authorities fo
Stiles (search for this): chapter 1
ey dwelt in a cave in the forest. Great rewards were offered for their apprehension; Indians as well as English were urged to scour the woods in quest of their hiding-place, as men hunt for the holes of foxes. When the zeal of the search was nearly over, they retired to a little village on the Sound; till at last they escaped by night to an appointed place of refuge in Hadley, and the solitudes of the most beautiful valley of New England gave shelter to their wearisome and repining age. Stiles, in c. III. of his History of Three of the Judges of Charles I., has collected the materials on this subject. Papers relating to it may be found in the Dutch records. What need of referring to Hutch. Hist. vol. i., to the papers in Hutch. Coll., to Crown's deposition, in Chalmers, 263, 264? John Dixwell was more fortunate. He was able to live undiscovered, and, changing his name, was absorbed among the inhabitants of New Haven. He Chap. XI.} married, and lived peacefully and hap
Historians (search for this): chapter 1
oles of Oriental diction, they prepared to overthrow despotic power by using the power a despot had conceded. The objects of this assembly were all democratic: it labored to effect a most radical reform; to codify English law, by reducing the huge volumes of the common law into a few simple English axioms; to abolish tithes; and to Chap. XI.} establish an absolute religious freedom, such as the United States now enjoy. This parliament has for ages been the theme of unsparing ridicule. Historians, with little generosity towards a defeated party, have sided against the levellers; and the misfortune of failure in action has doomed them to censure and con tempt. Yet they only demanded what had often been promised, and what, on the immutable principles of freedom, was right. They did but remember the truths which Cromwell had professed, and had forgotten. Cromwell feared their influence; and, finding the republican party too honest to become the dupes of his ambition, he induced suc
Hazard (search for this): chapter 1
nd solve a curious problem in the history of man. The charter, therefore, which was delayed only by controversies 1663 July 8. about bounds, was at length perfected, and, with new principles, imbodied all that had been granted to Connecticut. Hazard, II. 612, &c.; anti also Knowles, App. G. The supreme power was committed—the rule continues to-day—to a governor, deputy-governor, ten assistants, now called senators, and deputies from the towns. It marks a singular moderation, that the scruples of the inhabitants were so respected, that no oath of allegiance Hazard, II. 617. was required of them; the laws were to be agreeable to those of England, yet with the kind reference to the constitution of the place, and the nature of the people; and with great benevolence the monarch proceeded to exercise, as his bother attempted to do in England, and as by the laws of England he could not exercise within the realm, the dispensing power in matters of religion. No person within the said c
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