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sed the coolness of Monckton's regiments, as able alone to beat back the whole Canadian army. This severe check, in which four hundred lives were lost, happened on the last day of July. Murray was next sent, with twelve hundred men, above the Aug. town, to destroy the French ships and open a communication with Amherst. Twice he attempted a landing on the north shore, without success; at Deschambault, a place of refuge for women and children, he won advantages over a guard of invalid soldieto struggle with difficulties which every hour made more appalling. The numerous body of armed men under Montcalm could not, he said, he called an army; but the French had the strongest country, perhaps, in the world, on which chap. XIV.} 1759. Aug. to rest the defence of the town. Their boats were numerous, and weak points were guarded by floating batteries. The keen eye of the Indian prevented surprise. The vigilance and hardihood of the Canadians made intrenchments every where necessary
cannon were constructed. The citizens of Quebec, foreseeing the ruin of their July. houses, volunteered to pass over the river and destroy the works; but, at the t. Wolfe was eager for battle; being willing to risk all his chap. XIV.} 1759. July. hopes on the issue. He saw that the eastern bank of the Montmorenci was higherrevented him by planting artillery and a mortar to play upon chap. XIV.} 1759. July. the shipping. Meantime, at midnight, on the twenty-eighth of July, the Frencly in the footsteps of every exploring party. Wolfe returned to Montmorenci. July was almost gone, and he had made no effective advances. He resolved on an engagld not again come into line; though Monckton's regiments had chap. XIV.} 1759. July. arrived, and had formed with the coolness of invincible valor. But hours hurrisevere check, in which four hundred lives were lost, happened on the last day of July. Murray was next sent, with twelve hundred men, above the Aug. town, to destro
of the island of Goree to gaze on the strange spectacle of war, and to witness the surrender of its forts to Commodore Augustus Keppel. In the Indian seas, Pococke maintained the superiority of England. In the West Indies, in January, 1759, a fleet of ten line-of-battle ships, with six thousand effective troops, made a fruitless attack on Martinico; but, sailing for Guadaloupe, the best of the West India possessions of France, after the losses and daring deeds of more than three months, in May, chap. XIV.} 1759. it gained, by capitulation, that delightful and well watered island, whose harbor can screen whole navies from hurricanes, whose position gives the command of the neighboring seas. From the continent of Europe came the joyous assurance, that a victory at Minden had protected Hanover. The French, having repulsed Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick at Frankfort, pursued their advantage, occupied Cassel, compelled Munster to capitulate, and took Minden by assault; so that Hanov
ns; his displeasure, when excited, was concealed under apparent apathy or impenetrable selfcommand. His judgment was slow, but safe; his mind solid, but never inventive. Taciturn, and stoical, he displayed respectable abilities as a commander, without fertility of resources, or daring enterprise. In five British regiments, with the Royal Americans, he had fifty-seven hundred and fortythree regulars; of provincials and Gage's light infantry he had nearly as many more. On the longest day in June, he reached the lake, and, with useless precaution, traced out the ground for a fort, On the twenty-first of July, the invincible flotilla moved in four columns down the water, with artillery, and more than eleven thousand men. On the twenty-second, the army disembarked on the eastern shore, nearly opposite the landing-place of Abercrom- chap. XIV.} 1759. bie; and that night, after a skirmish of the advanced guard, they lay under arms at the saw-mills. The next day, the French army under B
I feel called upon, he had once written, on occasion of his early promotion, to justify the notice taken of me by such exertions and exposure of myself as will probably lead to my fall. And the day before departing for his command, in the inspiring presence of Pitt, he forgot danger, glory, every thing but the overmastering purpose to devote himself for his country. All the while, ships from every part of the world were bringing messages of the success of British arms. In the preceding April, a small English squadron made a conquest of Senegal; in December, negroes crowded on the heights of the island of Goree to gaze on the strange spectacle of war, and to witness the surrender of its forts to Commodore Augustus Keppel. In the Indian seas, Pococke maintained the superiority of England. In the West Indies, in January, 1759, a fleet of ten line-of-battle ships, with six thousand effective troops, made a fruitless attack on Martinico; but, sailing for Guadaloupe, the best of the
March 20th, 1759 AD (search for this): chapter 14
the past expense, the little colony incurred heavy debts, and, learning political economy from native thrift, appointed taxes on property to discharge them. The whole continent was exerting its utmost strength, and eager to prove its loyalty. New Jersey, in which the fencible men in time of peace would have been about fifteen thousand, had already lost one thousand men, and yet voted to raise one thousand more. Gov. Bernard (successor to Belcher) to Secretary W. Pitt, Perth Amboy, 20 March, 1759. Its yearly expenditure for the service of the war was equal to about five dollars for each living being in the province. Such was the aid willingly furnished to an administration which respected colonial liberty. To encounter the preparations of England and America, Canada received scanty supplies of provi- chap. XIV.} 1759. sions from France. The king, wrote the minister to Montcalm, the king relies on your zeal and obstinacy of courage. But Montcalm informed Belle-Isle plainly
America, a man of quick perception, but unsafe judgment; and the rash and inconsider- chap. XIV.} 1759. June. ate James Murray. For his adjutant-general, Wolfe selected Isaac Barre, an old associate at Louisburg; an Irishman of humble birth, eloquent, ambitious, and fearless. The grenadiers of the army were formed into a corps, commanded by Colonel Guy Carleton; a detachment of light infantry were to receive orders from Lieutenant-Colonel, afterwards Sir William, Howe. On the twenty-sixth of June, the whole armament arrived, without the least accident, off the Isle of Orleans, on which, the next day, they disembarked. A little south of west the cliff of Quebec was seen distinctly, seemingly impregnable, rising precipitously in the midst of one of the grandest scenes in nature. To protect this guardian citadel of New France, Montcalm had of regular troops no more than six wasted battalions; of Indian warriors few appeared, the wary savages preferring the security of neutrals;
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