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Dunning (search for this): chapter 24
did he omit to expose the rapid consolidation of power in the hands of the executive by the double process of making all civil officers dependent for support solely on the King, and giving to arbitrary instructions an authority paramount to the Charter and the laws. The Protest had hardly been adopted, when the July. application of its doctrines became necessary. The Commissioners of the Customs had through Hutchinson Hutchinson to Hillsborough, 20 Dec. 1769. Opinions of DeGray and Dunning, 13 Feb. 1770. applied for an exemption of their salaries from the colonial income tax; and Hillsborough, disregard- Chap. XLVII.} 1771. July. ing a usage of more than fifty years, commanded the compliance of the legislature. The engrossed taxbill for the year was of the same tenor with the annual Acts from time immemorial. The assessors had moreover rated the Commissioners with extreme moderation. Persons who had less income, were taxed as much as they, so that it did not even appear
John Adams (search for this): chapter 24
t conceive of prudence without fortitude. Compare Samuel Adams to James Warren of Plymouth, 25 March, 1771. He persever- Chap. XLVII.} 1771. June. ed; but John Adams retired from the service of the people, and devoting himself to his profession, John Adams: Works, II. 260, 301, 302. for a time ceased even to employ his peJohn Adams: Works, II. 260, 301, 302. for a time ceased even to employ his pen in their defence. John Adams: Diary, June 22, 1771. Otis who had returned to the Legislature, disordered in mind, and jealous of his declining influence, did but impede the public cause. In Hancock, also, vanity so mingled with patriotism, that the Government hoped to separate him from its uncompromising opponents. HutchiJohn Adams: Diary, June 22, 1771. Otis who had returned to the Legislature, disordered in mind, and jealous of his declining influence, did but impede the public cause. In Hancock, also, vanity so mingled with patriotism, that the Government hoped to separate him from its uncompromising opponents. Hutchinson to,——, 5 June, 1771. The Assembly which for the third year was convened at Cambridge, overruled the advice of Samuel Adams, and was proceeding with business. Yet it adopted the Protest in which he drew the distinction between the existence of a prerogative and its abuse; and significantly inquired, what would follow in E
Habersham (search for this): chapter 24
oice; and the House voted the interference a breach of their privileges. Sir James Wright to Hillsborough, 28 February, 1771. Hillsborough had censur- Chap. XLVII.} 1771. Dec. ed their unwarrantable and inconsistent arrogance. 2 Hillsborough to Sir James Wright, 4 May, 1771. He now directed the Governor to put his negative upon any person whom they should next elect for Speaker, and to dissolve the Assembly in case they should question the right of such negative. Hillsborough to Habersham, 4 Dec. 1771, and 7 August, 1772. The affections of South Carolina were still more 1772. Jan. thoroughly alienated. Its public men were ruled by their sense of honor, and felt a stain upon it as a wound. A Carolinian in the time of Lyttleton, had been abruptly dismissed from the King's Council; and from that day it became the pride of native Carolinians not to accept a seat in that body. Correspondence of Lieut. Gov. Bull. The members of the Assembly disdained to take any pay for
Dudingston (search for this): chapter 24
Rhode Island, had in the last March, complained to the Deputy Governor of the conduct of Lieutenant Dudingston, Commander of the Gaspee, who obstructed their vessels and boats, without showing any evore, sent a sheriff on board the Gaspee, to ascertain by what orders the Lieutenant acted; and Dudingston referred the subject to the Admiral. The Admiral answered from Boston: The Lieutenant, Sir,t was returning to Providence, and proud of its speed, went gayly on, heedless of the Gaspee. Dudingston gave chase. The tide being at flood, the Packet ventured near shore; the Gaspee confidently fvidence, and Simeon Potter of Bristol, boarded the stranded schooner, after a scuffle in which Dudingston was wounded, took and landed its crew, and then set it on fire. Lieutenant Dudingston to AdLieutenant Dudingston to Admiral Montagu, 12 June, 1772; William Checkley to Commissioner of Customs, 12 June, 1772; Governor Wanton to Hillsborough, 16 June, 1772; Admiral Montagu to Hillsborough, 12 June and 11 July, 1772; D
Jefferson (search for this): chapter 24
nxious for an Act to restrain the introduction of people, the number of whom already in the Colony, gave them just cause to apprehend the most dangerous consequences, and therefore made it necessary that they should fall upon means not only of preventing their increase, but also of lessening their number. The interest of the country, it was said, manifestly requires the total expulsion of them. Dunmore to Hillsborough, 1 May, 1772. Anthony Benezet to Granville Sharp, 14 May, 1772. Jefferson, like Richard Henry Lee, had begun his legislative career by efforts for emancipation. To the Chap. XLVII.} 1772. April. mind of Patrick Henry, the thought of slavery darkened the picture of the future, even while he cherished faith in the ultimate abolition of an evil, which, though the law sanctioned, religion opposed. Compare Patrick Henry to Anthony Benezet, 18 Jan. 1773; in Robert Vaux's Life of Benezet. To have approached Parliament with a Petition against the Slave-Trade migh
Gambier (search for this): chapter 24
spoken of for the place of Colonial Secretary of State, resolved never to leave pursuing the Colony of Rhode Island, until its Charter should be taken away. Hutchinson to Samuel Hood, 2 Sept. 1772. Remembrancer for 1776, II. 60. A few punished at Execution Dock, would be the only effectual preventive of any further at- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. tempt, wrote Hutchinson, who wished to see a beginnin of taking men prisoners, and carrying them directly to England. T. Hutchinson to Capt. Gambier, Boston, 30 June, 1772; in Hutchinson's Papers, III. 354, 355; and Remembrancer for 1776, II. 56. There now existed a statute authorizing such a procedure. Two months before, the King had assented to an Act for the better securing Dock-yards, ships and stores, which extended to the Colonies, made death the penalty for destroying even the oar of a cutter's boat, or the head of an empty cask belonging to the fleet, and subjected the accused to a trial in any county in Great Britain. Of
Bradford (search for this): chapter 24
es. Message from the House to the Governor, 5 July, 1771. At the first meeting of the Assembly, loyalty had visibly prevailed, and the decided patriots were in a minority; necessity had extorted the most explicit assertion of colonial rights, and an unanswerable exposition of the limit of the prerogative. In closing the session Hutchinson put at issue the respect for monarchy itself. I know, said he, that your messages and resolves of the last year were very displeasing to the King; Bradford's State Papers, 311. I shall transmit my messages, and this your extraordinary answer to be laid before him. Thus the Province was led to speculate on the personal opinions of their Sovereign, and to inquire into the use of regal power itself; while the King regarded the contest with Massachusetts as involving not only the power of Great Britain and the rights of the Crown, but his personal honor. Wise men saw the event that was approaching, but not that it was so near. Out of the eate
William Checkley (search for this): chapter 24
The tide being at flood, the Packet ventured near shore; the Gaspee confidently followed; and drawing more water ran aground on Nauquit, a little below Pantuxet. The following night a party of men in six or seven boats, led by John Brown and Joseph Brown of Providence, and Simeon Potter of Bristol, boarded the stranded schooner, after a scuffle in which Dudingston was wounded, took and landed its crew, and then set it on fire. Lieutenant Dudingston to Admiral Montagu, 12 June, 1772; William Checkley to Commissioner of Customs, 12 June, 1772; Governor Wanton to Hillsborough, 16 June, 1772; Admiral Montagu to Hillsborough, 12 June and 11 July, 1772; Deposition of Aaron, a negro, 11 July, 1772; Letter of Charles Dudley, 23 July, 1772. The whole was conducted on a sudden impulse; Representation to the King of the Commissioners of Inquiry, 22 June, 1773. yet Sandwich who was spoken of for the place of Colonial Secretary of State, resolved never to leave pursuing the Colony of Rhode I
William Samuel Johnson (search for this): chapter 24
ir altercations with the Mother Country; a little discreet conduct on both sides, would perfectly reestablish that warm affection and respect towards Great Britain, for which this country was once so Chap. XLVII.} 1771. Sept. Remarkable. W. S. Johnson to Alexander Wedderburn, 25 Oct. 1771. Hutchinson, too, reported a disposition in all the Colonies to let the controversy with the kingdom subside. Hutchinson to Gov Pownall, 14 October, 1771. The King sent word to tempt Hancock by marm Boston: The Lieutenant, Sir, has done his duty. I shall give the King's officers directions, that they send every man taken in molesting them to me. As sure as the people of Newport attempt to rescue any vessel, and any of them Compare W. S. Johnson to R. Jackson, 30 May, 1772. are taken, I will hang them as pirates. Montagu to J. Wanton, Esq., Boston, 8 April, 1772. J. Wanton to Rear Admiral Montagu, 8 May, 1772. Dudings- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. ton seconded the insolence of his
Massachusetts Gazette (search for this): chapter 24
Chapter 47: Great Britain Centres in itself power over its Colonies. —Hillsborough's Administration of the Colonies con-cluded. June. 1771—August, 1772. the King steadily pursued the system of concen- Chap. XLVII.} 1771. June. trating all power over the Colonies; but so gradually that a sudden, complete collision with ancient usage was avoided. If the Charter of the Province had been taken away, Compare Massachusetts Gazette, 21 Jan. 1771. even the moderate would have held themselves absolved from their allegiance. Compare Brutus in Boston Gazette of 11 Feb. 1771; 827, 1, 1, and of Monday, 4 March, 830, 1, 2; and letters of Eliot and Cooper. But the appointment of a native Bostonian as Governor, seemed to many a pledge of relenting; and his plausible professions hushed the people into silence. The glorious spirit of liberty is vanquished and left without hope but in a miracle, said desponding patriots. I confess, said Samuel Adams, we have, as Wolfe expressed
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