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Richard Jackson (search for this): chapter 24
and the last appeal would require prudence, unanimity, and fortitude. America must herself, under God, finally work out her own salvation. Samuel Adams to Arthur Lee, Boston, 31 Oct. 1771. Life of Arthur Lee, II. 186; Compare Hutchinson to R. Jackson, October, 1771. While these opinions were boldly uttered, Hutch- Nov. inson, in the annual Proclamation which appointed the Festival of Thanksgiving and which used to be read from every pulpit, sought to ensnare the clergy by enumerating aieutenant, Sir, has done his duty. I shall give the King's officers directions, that they send every man taken in molesting them to me. As sure as the people of Newport attempt to rescue any vessel, and any of them Compare W. S. Johnson to R. Jackson, 30 May, 1772. are taken, I will hang them as pirates. Montagu to J. Wanton, Esq., Boston, 8 April, 1772. J. Wanton to Rear Admiral Montagu, 8 May, 1772. Dudings- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. ton seconded the insolence of his superior office
Charles Paxton (search for this): chapter 24
tax; and Hillsborough, disregard- Chap. XLVII.} 1771. July. ing a usage of more than fifty years, commanded the compliance of the legislature. The engrossed taxbill for the year was of the same tenor with the annual Acts from time immemorial. The assessors had moreover rated the Commissioners with extreme moderation. Persons who had less income, were taxed as much as they, so that it did not even appear that any regard was had to their salaries. Hutchinson to——, Boston, 17 July, 1771. Paxton's provincial tax for all his personal estate and all his income, was for the last year less than three pounds sterling; and what he paid to the town and county not much more. Hutchinson to——, 19 July, 1771. And to defeat this little tax, in itself so reasonable, so consonant to usage, and in its apportionment so forbearing, Hutchinson, on the fourth of July, greatly against his own judgment, negatived the Bill, and declared his obligation under his instructions to negative any other, dra
Horsmanden (search for this): chapter 24
2. J. Wanton to Rear Admiral Montagu, 8 May, 1772. Dudings- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. ton seconded the insolence of his superior officer, insulted the inhabitants, plundered the islands of sheep and hogs, cut down trees, fired at market boats, detained vessels without a colorable pretext, and made illegal seizures of goods of which the recovery cost more than they were worth Gov. Wanton to Sec. of State, 16 June, 1772. Statements of Darius Sessions and Chief Justice Hopkins to Chief Justice Horsmanden in January, 1773. On the ninth of June, the Providence Packet was returning to Providence, and proud of its speed, went gayly on, heedless of the Gaspee. Dudingston gave chase. The tide being at flood, the Packet ventured near shore; the Gaspee confidently followed; and drawing more water ran aground on Nauquit, a little below Pantuxet. The following night a party of men in six or seven boats, led by John Brown and Joseph Brown of Providence, and Simeon Potter of Bristol, boa
B. Franklin (search for this): chapter 24
said Cooper the clergyman; Samuel Cooper to B. Franklin, 10 July, 1771. and Franklin foretold a bloody struggle, in which America's Chap. XLVII.} 1771. July. grod the moral sentiment and policy of them all. When her Prayer reached England, Franklin through the Press called to it the sympathy of the people; again and again it m; his colleagues disliked him, and conspired to drive him into retirement. Franklin to his Son, 17 August, 1772. The occasion was at hand. Franklin had negotiateFranklin had negotiated with the Treasury for a grant to a Company of about twenty-three millions of acres of land, south of the Ohio and west of the Alleghanies; Hillsborough, from the fed the project. De Guines, French Ambassador, to Aiguillon, 11 August, 1772. Franklin persuaded Hertford, a friend of the King's, Gower the President of the Council Compare Propositions for the Settlement of Pittsylvania, and the Memorial of Franklin and Wharton to the American Congress. Hillsborough was too proud to brook this
George R. Additional (search for this): chapter 24
ations of negroes from Africa; but their laws were disallowed. How to prevent them from protecting themselves against the increase of the overwhelming evil was debated by the King in Council, and on the tenth day of December, 1770, he issued an instruction, under his own hand, commanding the Governor, upon pain of the highest displeasure, to assent to no law, by which the importation of slaves should be in any respect prohibited or obstructed. Order in Council of 9 December, 1770. George R. Additional instructions to our Lieutenant and Governor General, of our Colony and Dominion of Virginia in America, 10 December, 1770. In April 1772, this rigorous order was solemnly debated in the Assembly of Virginia. They were very anxious for an Act to restrain the introduction of people, the number of whom already in the Colony, gave them just cause to apprehend the most dangerous consequences, and therefore made it necessary that they should fall upon means not only of preventing their incr
Samuel Hood (search for this): chapter 24
Hillsborough, 16 June, 1772; Admiral Montagu to Hillsborough, 12 June and 11 July, 1772; Deposition of Aaron, a negro, 11 July, 1772; Letter of Charles Dudley, 23 July, 1772. The whole was conducted on a sudden impulse; Representation to the King of the Commissioners of Inquiry, 22 June, 1773. yet Sandwich who was spoken of for the place of Colonial Secretary of State, resolved never to leave pursuing the Colony of Rhode Island, until its Charter should be taken away. Hutchinson to Samuel Hood, 2 Sept. 1772. Remembrancer for 1776, II. 60. A few punished at Execution Dock, would be the only effectual preventive of any further at- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. tempt, wrote Hutchinson, who wished to see a beginnin of taking men prisoners, and carrying them directly to England. T. Hutchinson to Capt. Gambier, Boston, 30 June, 1772; in Hutchinson's Papers, III. 354, 355; and Remembrancer for 1776, II. 56. There now existed a statute authorizing such a procedure. Two months befor
Town Meeting (search for this): chapter 24
771. and Franklin foretold a bloody struggle, in which America's Chap. XLVII.} 1771. July. growing strength and magnitude, B. Franklin to Committee of Correspondence in Massachusetts, 15 May, 1771. would give her the victory. The progress of opinion was marked by the instructions of the House to its Agent, which unreservedly embodied the principle that colonial legislation was free of Parliament and of royal instructions. They were drawn by Samuel Adams, who had long before said in Town Meeting; Independent we are, and independent we will be. I doubt, said Hutchinson, whether there is a greater incendiary than he in the King's dominions. Hutchinson's letter without date, in Hutchinson's Ms. Collections, i. 437. Written between July 29 and August 5, 1771; probably written early in August, 1771. At least his intrepidity could not be Aug. questioned. His language became more explicit as danger drew nearer. In August, Boston saw in its harbor twelve vessels of war, carrying
Charles Greville Montagu (search for this): chapter 24
e Quincy's Quincy, 106, 107, 116. The Governor, Lord Charles Greville Montagu, had no Palace at Charleston; he uttered a thre Royal, unless they would vote him a house to his mind. Montagu to Hillsborough, 26 September, 1771; Hillsborough to MontaMontagu, 4 December, 1771. Same to Same, 11 January, 1772; Montagu to Hillsborough, 27 July, 1772. This is the culminating point Montagu to Hillsborough, 27 July, 1772. This is the culminating point of administrative insolence. The system of concentrating all colonial power in March. England was resisted also at the We 30 May, 1772. are taken, I will hang them as pirates. Montagu to J. Wanton, Esq., Boston, 8 April, 1772. J. Wanton to ReRear Admiral Montagu, 8 May, 1772. Dudings- Chap. XLVII.} 1772. June. ton seconded the insolence of his superior officer, in, and then set it on fire. Lieutenant Dudingston to Admiral Montagu, 12 June, 1772; William Checkley to Commissioner of Cu 1772; Governor Wanton to Hillsborough, 16 June, 1772; Admiral Montagu to Hillsborough, 12 June and 11 July, 1772; Deposition
Robert Vaux (search for this): chapter 24
Dunmore to Hillsborough, 1 May, 1772. Anthony Benezet to Granville Sharp, 14 May, 1772. Jefferson, like Richard Henry Lee, had begun his legislative career by efforts for emancipation. To the Chap. XLVII.} 1772. April. mind of Patrick Henry, the thought of slavery darkened the picture of the future, even while he cherished faith in the ultimate abolition of an evil, which, though the law sanctioned, religion opposed. Compare Patrick Henry to Anthony Benezet, 18 Jan. 1773; in Robert Vaux's Life of Benezet. To have approached Parliament with a Petition against the Slave-Trade might have seemed a recognition of its supreme legislative power; Virginia, therefore, resolved to address the King himself, who in Council had cruelly compelled the toleration of the nefarious traffic. They pleaded with him for leave to protect themselves against the crimes of commercial avarice, and these were their words: The importation of slaves into the Colonies from the Coast of Africa,
Henry Marchant (search for this): chapter 24
All the Boston ministers except one refused to read the paper; when Pemberton, of whose church the Governor was a member, began confusedly to do so; the patriots of his congregation, turning their backs on him, walked out of meeting in great indignation; and nearly all the Ministers agreed on the Thanksgiving Day to implore of Almighty God the restoration of lost liberties. Cooper to Gov. Pownall, 14, S. Adams's Papers, II. 338; also II. 297. Life of Arthur Lee, II. 186. S. Adams to Henry Marchant, 7 January, 1772. Nowise disheartened, Hutchinson waited eagerly Dec. and confidently to hear how the extravagance of the Assembly in their last session would be resented by the King; now striving to set Hancock more and more against Adams; now seeking to lull the people Chap. XLVII.} 1771. Dec. into security; now boasting of his band of writers on the side of Government, Church, a professed patriot, being of the number; now triumphing at the spectacle of Otis, who was carried int
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