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Bremen, Me. (Maine, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
rom the waters of the Mississippi to the waters of the Columbia. On Aug. 12, 1805, they reached the point where one of the party bestrode the Missouri River, up which they had labored so many months, and just beyond was the long-sought western rim of the valley. From the year 1715, when France and England went mad over a Mississippi bubble, down to the present time, the Mississippi has been a household word throughout the civilized world. Ships of Marseilles, ships of Bordeaux, ships of Bremen, ships of Liverpool, set their course for the mouth of the Mississippi, that they may bring eager immigrants into the promised land; and the stolid peasant in Bohemia or Hungary lays down his guldens for a slip of pasteboard upon which are printed the talismanic words New York—St. Louis—Kansas City— Helena. Into a land which a century ago had not 100,000 people has converged a stream of settlers from East, South, and North, heaping up activity and prosperity as the meteors are said to susta<
West Virginia (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
nceforth be, a region of internal peace. A miners' riot, a little shooting of negroes at an election, a railroad strike, are the only opportunities for the use of force within the boundaries of the valley. A few years ago the legislature of West Virginia presented a sword to one of its sons who was an officer in the United States navy, and bade him be ever ready to draw that sword for the defence of his native State. Not till the enemies' gunboats find their way up the Mississippi, Ohio, and the Great Kanawha to West Virginia will the Mississippi Valley have to defend itself. Yet no one who has watched the trend of public opinion during the last few years can doubt that it is the fixed desire of the majority of people in the interior to extend the power and influence of the United States by annexation of territory and by a share in the world's diplomacy. It is not simply its sheltered position which leads to this feeling, for the West is ready to pour forth its sons for national
Rhode Island (Rhode Island, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
Atlantic and Pacific coasts. The French sought to build up an inland empire, and the force of political gravity drew their realm towards the Atlantic settlements. Burr dreamed a dream of a Mississippi kingdom, and he could not convince even the shallow Wilkinson that it was possible. Jefferson Davis offered the alliance of the Southern Confederacy to the Northwest States, and they clave to their Eastern brethren. The East and West are no more politically separated from each other than Rhode Island from Connecticut, or Illinois from Iowa. The Appalachian Mountains have long ceased to be a physical barrier between East and West, and the two sections are dependent upon each other—the West has the food-supply; the East, the manufactories and seaports. If the two sections were at this moment separate countries, the object of the statesmen in the East would be to open up unrestricted trade with the West, and the Towing coal down the Mississippi. Mississippi Valley would strain ever
Baltimore, Md. (Maryland, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
pectable people to do. How can there be traditions in a city like Minneapolis, where not one adult in twenty was born in the place or perhaps in the State? The North and Northwest are now undergoing a tremendous social change through the renting of great farms to new-comers, while the owners live in villages or towns. This means that the children will not know the old place, and the grandchildren will have not so much as a myth of the old oaken bucket. Even in old cities like Albany and Baltimore it is hard to build up a civic sentiment—a sense of gratitude to ancestors and responsibility to posterity. Perhaps as population becomes more stable this feeling will grow up in the West, but it is hard to realize the effect upon a community of such rapid changes of life that not one child in twenty will live in the house of his grandfather. When critics say that no intellectual inventiveness can be expected in a flat and monotonous country they forget that Russia, in spite of the res
Clarksville, Pa. (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
Hart, Albert Bushnell 1854- Historian; born in Clarksville, Pa., July 1, 1854; graduated at Harvard College in 1880; appointed Professor of History there. His publications include Formation of the Union; Epoch maps; Introduction to the study of federal government; Life of Salmon P. Chase; Practical essays on American government; American history, told by contemporaries, etc. The future of the Mississippi Valley. —The great size of the Mississippi Valley, its wonderful fertility, its natural resources, its phenomenal growth in manufactures and commerce, its rapidly increasing population, and its promise for the future, suggest the part which the States included in the Mississippi Valley may play in this country's history. Professor Hart has written the following essay on the history and the outlook of this section: There can be no doubt that the French settlers in the Mississippi Valley will (without timely precaution) greatly effect both the trade and safety of these
Louisiana (Louisiana, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
ad-waters of the Tennessee and the Cumberland instinctively saw that their highway was the Mississippi and their gateway was New Orleans; and the annexation of Louisiana was from the first as inevitable as the plunge of the waters over Niagara. It was not in human power to keep the eastern and the western banks of the Mississipp Chicago people don't believe in a God, when they can do such things as these for themselves. When the Federalists in 1803 protested against the annexation of Louisiana, they were wise in their day and generation, for they were right in expecting that eventually the supremacy of the Atlantic coast States would disappear. In thesurface from the trammels of an official religion; several of the coast colonies had established churches, but not one community in the Mississippi Valley except Louisiana. To be sure, as in other parts of the United States, there is an almost comical multiplication of sects. Doubtless it is wasteful to keep up several struggling
Marseilles (France) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
first of white men to find the road from the waters of the Mississippi to the waters of the Columbia. On Aug. 12, 1805, they reached the point where one of the party bestrode the Missouri River, up which they had labored so many months, and just beyond was the long-sought western rim of the valley. From the year 1715, when France and England went mad over a Mississippi bubble, down to the present time, the Mississippi has been a household word throughout the civilized world. Ships of Marseilles, ships of Bordeaux, ships of Bremen, ships of Liverpool, set their course for the mouth of the Mississippi, that they may bring eager immigrants into the promised land; and the stolid peasant in Bohemia or Hungary lays down his guldens for a slip of pasteboard upon which are printed the talismanic words New York—St. Louis—Kansas City— Helena. Into a land which a century ago had not 100,000 people has converged a stream of settlers from East, South, and North, heaping up activity and prosp<
Massachusetts (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
e force of self-interest then and there compelled the West to stand by its seaport relations, and at the same time to insist upon its right to the Mississippi. The most enduring lesson of the Civil War is that no State, or group of States, will ever be allowed to withdraw from its sisters without war. Indeed, many parts of the West are simply transplantations from the East; thus the Western Reserve of Ohio was for years a little Connecticut; Michigan has the New England town-meeting; Massachusetts men abound in Minnesota, and New Yorkers in Illinois and Nebraska. Rivalry between the two sections there will always be; divergence and disunion will never come. From the days when the Kentucky broad-horn boats were seized by the Spanish at New Orleans, down to the present era of barge transportation on a large scale from St. Louis to the Gulf, the Mississippi has been the common artery of the interior of the United States; but it has never superseded the old highways through the Moha
Iowa (Iowa, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
son Davis offered the alliance of the Southern Confederacy to the Northwest States, and they clave to their Eastern brethren. The East and West are no more politically separated from each other than Rhode Island from Connecticut, or Illinois from Iowa. The Appalachian Mountains have long ceased to be a physical barrier between East and West, and the two sections are dependent upon each other—the West has the food-supply; the East, the manufactories and seaports. If the two sections were at the greatest and most famous Western universities, Chicago and Michigan, chance to lie just outside the rim of the Mississippi Valley, but the renowned universities of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Nebraska, and the steadily enlarging universities of Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, show a willingness to provide at the expense of the commonwealth an education of a thoroughness and advancement which cannot be had in any Eastern State except by the payment of considerable fees to
Missouri (Missouri, United States) (search for this): entry hart-albert-bushnell
system which finally converges into the Mississippi River. From the farthest source of the farthest tributary of the upper Missouri in the Canadian Rockies, following down the channel to the Gulf, the river is 4.200 miles long; and upon about 5,000 s of Scandinavians, Germans, and Europeans to the Western prairies is no longer to be found. Even the bottoms of the upper Missouri have been taken up, and the wide plains parallel with it would be occupied too, were it not that, as a distinguished geologist says, the farmers arrived on the upper Missouri 10,000 years too late; for the river has cut down its channel so deep that they cannot get the water into irrigation canals. The gross number of immigrants into the West is now only about twohe renowned universities of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Nebraska, and the steadily enlarging universities of Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, show a willingness to provide at the expense of the commonwealth an education of a thoroug
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