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actively; and Lafayette had of his own motion given the like advice to Vergennes, with whom he had formed relations of friendship. The cabinet adopted the measure in its principle, but vacillated as to the number of the French contingent. For the command Count de Rochambeau was selected, not by court favor, but from the consideration in which he was held by the troops. Goltz to Frederic, 3 March, 1780. On the tenth of July, Admiral de Ternay with a squadron of ten Chap. XVIII.} 1780. July 10. ships of war, three of them ships of the line, convoyed the detachment of about six thousand men with Rochambeau into the harbor of Newport. To an address from the general assembly of Rhode Island, then sitting in Newport, the count answered: The French troops are restrained by the strictest discipline; and, acting under General Washington, will live with the Americans as their brethren. I assure the general assembly that, as brethren, not only my life, but the lives of the troops under
February, 1779 AD (search for this): chapter 19
fare, Clinton stooped to fraud and corruption. From the time when officers who stood below Arnold were promoted over his head, discontent rankled in his breast and found expression in threats of revenge. After the northern campaign, he complained more than ever that his services had not been sufficiently rewarded. While he held the command in Philadelphia, his extravagant mode of living tempted him to peculation and treasonable connections; and Chap. XVIII.} 1780. towards the end of February, 1779, he let it be known to the British commander-in-chief that he was desirous of exchanging the American service for that of Great Britain. His open preference for the friends of the English in Pennsylvania disgusted the patriots. The council of that state, after bearing with him for more than half a year, very justly desired his removal from the command; and, having early in 1779 given information of his conduct, against their intention they became his accusers. The court-martial before
by luck the British admiralty of that day, tired of the Keppels and the Palisers, the Chap. XVIII.} 1780. mutinous and the incompetent, put in command of the expedition that was to relieve Gibraltar and rule the seas of the West Indies. One of the king's younger sons served on board his fleet as midshipman. He took his squadron to sea on the twenty-ninth of December, 1779. On the eighth of January, 1780, Jan. 8. he captured seven vessels of war and fifteen sail of merchantmen. On the sixteenth, he encountered off 16. Cape St. Vincent, the Spanish squadron of Languara, very inferior to his own, and easily took or destroyed a great part of it. Having victualled the garrison of Gibraltar, and relieved Minorca, on the thirteenth Feb. 13. of February he set sail for the West Indies. At St. Lucie he received letters from his wife, saying: Everybody is beyond measure delighted as well as astonished at your success; from his daughter: Everybody almost adores you, and every mouth is f
October 2nd (search for this): chapter 19
o authorize. At the request of Clinton, who promised to present a true state of facts, the execution was delayed till Oct. 2. the second day of October, and General Robertson, attended by two civilians, came up the river for a conference. The cisecond day of October, and General Robertson, attended by two civilians, came up the river for a conference. The civilians were not allowed to land; but Greene was deputed to meet the officer. Instead of presenting facts, Robertson, after compliments to the character of Greene, announced that he had come to treat with him. Greene answered: The case of an acknowable that they offer no sure foothold. The letter of Hamilton to Miss Schuyler, as repeatedly printed with the date of 2 Oct., contains interpolations and omissions. I took a copy of it from the original. It has no date: since it enclosed his account of Arnold's affair, sent in compliance with a promise, it must have been written many days later than 2 Oct. It begins as follows: No. 11. Since my last to you, I have received your letters Nos. 3 and 4. The others are yet on the way. Though
October 30th, 1780 AD (search for this): chapter 19
have followed only contemporary documents, which are abundant and of the surest character, and which, taken collectively, solve every question. The most important are: The proceedings of the American court of inquiry; Clinton's elaborate letters to Lord George Germain of 11 and 12 Oct., 1780; Narrative of correspondence and transactions respecting General Arnold in Sir Henry Clinton's letter of 11 Oct., 1780; Two letters of Clinton to Germain of 12 Oct., 1780; Clinton's secret letter of 30 Oct., 1780; Clinton's report to Lord Amherst of 16 Oct., 1780; Extract from Clinton's Journal in Mahon's England, VII., Appendix VII. to XI.; Journal of General Matthews; Trial of Joshua Hett Smith, edited by Henry B. Dawson, New York, 1866; and especially Hamilton's Account of Andreas Affair in Works, i. 172-182. This last is particularly valuable, as Hamilton had the best opportunities to be well informed; and in his narrative, if there are any traces of partiality, it is towards Andre that he
March 3rd, 1780 AD (search for this): chapter 19
h ministry to send twelve thousand men to the United States, as the best way of pursuing the war actively; and Lafayette had of his own motion given the like advice to Vergennes, with whom he had formed relations of friendship. The cabinet adopted the measure in its principle, but vacillated as to the number of the French contingent. For the command Count de Rochambeau was selected, not by court favor, but from the consideration in which he was held by the troops. Goltz to Frederic, 3 March, 1780. On the tenth of July, Admiral de Ternay with a squadron of ten Chap. XVIII.} 1780. July 10. ships of war, three of them ships of the line, convoyed the detachment of about six thousand men with Rochambeau into the harbor of Newport. To an address from the general assembly of Rhode Island, then sitting in Newport, the count answered: The French troops are restrained by the strictest discipline; and, acting under General Washington, will live with the Americans as their brethren. I as
August 30th (search for this): chapter 19
his soul into the ignoble plot which, as he believed, was to end the war. After a correspondence of two months between him and the British commander-in-chief, through Major John Andre, adjutant-general of the army in North America, on the thirtieth of August, Arnold, Aug. 30. insisting that the advantages which he expected to gain for himself by his surrender were by no means unreasonable, and requiring that his conditions should be clearly understood, laid a plan for an interview at which a Aug. 30. insisting that the advantages which he expected to gain for himself by his surrender were by no means unreasonable, and requiring that his conditions should be clearly understood, laid a plan for an interview at which a person fully authorized was to close with his proposals. The rendezvous was given by him within the American lines, where Colonel Sheldon held the command; and that officer was instructed to expect the arrival at his quarters of a person in New York to open a channel of intelligence. On the same day, Andre, disguising his name, wrote to Sheldon from Chap. XVIII.} 1780. New York by order of Clinton: A flag will be sent to Dobbs Ferry on Monday next, the eleventh, at twelve o'clock. Let me
the patriots. The council of that state, after bearing with him for more than half a year, very justly desired his removal from the command; and, having early in 1779 given information of his conduct, against their intention they became his accusers. The court-martial before which he was arraigned, on charges that touched his hforbearance. The French minister, to whom Arnold applied for money, put aside his request and added wise and friendly advice. In the course of the winter of 1778-1779, he was taken into the pay of Clinton, to whom he gave on every occasion most material intelligence. The plot received the warmest encouragement from Lord George Germain, who, towards the end of 1779. September, wrote to Clinton: Next to the destruction of Washington's army, the gaining over officers of influence and reputation among the troops would be the speediest means of subduing the rebellion and restoring the tranquillity of America. Your commission authorizes you to avail yours
twelve thousand men to the United States, as the best way of pursuing the war actively; and Lafayette had of his own motion given the like advice to Vergennes, with whom he had formed relations of friendship. The cabinet adopted the measure in its principle, but vacillated as to the number of the French contingent. For the command Count de Rochambeau was selected, not by court favor, but from the consideration in which he was held by the troops. Goltz to Frederic, 3 March, 1780. On the tenth of July, Admiral de Ternay with a squadron of ten Chap. XVIII.} 1780. July 10. ships of war, three of them ships of the line, convoyed the detachment of about six thousand men with Rochambeau into the harbor of Newport. To an address from the general assembly of Rhode Island, then sitting in Newport, the count answered: The French troops are restrained by the strictest discipline; and, acting under General Washington, will live with the Americans as their brethren. I assure the general a
niently, and sentenced him only to be reprimanded by the commander-in-chief. The reprimand was marked with the greatest forbearance. The French minister, to whom Arnold applied for money, put aside his request and added wise and friendly advice. In the course of the winter of 1778-1779, he was taken into the pay of Clinton, to whom he gave on every occasion most material intelligence. The plot received the warmest encouragement from Lord George Germain, who, towards the end of 1779. September, wrote to Clinton: Next to the destruction of Washington's army, the gaining over officers of influence and reputation among the troops would be the speediest means of subduing the rebellion and restoring the tranquillity of America. Your commission authorizes you to avail yourself of such opportunities, and there can be no doubt that the expense will be cheerfully submitted to. Lord George Germain to Clinton, 27 Sept., 1779. Extract. It will not, I am persuaded, escape your sagacity
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