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Cairo, Ill. (Illinois, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
dly growing in public favor, new designs and improvements, suggested by experience, were multiplied by the active brain of the many clever young naval officers, whose withdrawal from the United States navy left it paralyzed for years, and torpedoes of all kinds were left to be found in all our waters whenever Federal ships appeared. Lieutenant Beverly Kennon, of Virginia, set them afloat in the Potomac, and later, was instrumental, he said, in procuring the first actual destruction of the Cairo in Yazoo river by Masters McDaniel and Ewing, with a ground torpedo—a demijohn filled with powder and fired with a trigger by a string leading to the operator hidden on the bank. General Rains, chief of the army torpedo bureau, adopted the beer keg, filled with powder, and fitted with a percussion primer at each end, as the best form, and set hundreds of them afloat, to be carried by current and tide against the enemy's vessels below. Captain Francis D. Lee, of General Beauregard's staff,
Russian River (Alaska, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
as been accomplished for many years since. Colonel Richard L. Maury, a son of Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury, has written for the Times-Dispatch an extremely interesting article on the invention and use of torpedoes, in which his father was the pioneer, and to the perfection of which he, himself, and other brave naval officers of the Confederacy devoted themselves with all the abandon which a devotion to a cause for the cause's sake can evoke. The interest caused by the destruction of Russian vessels by means of torpedoes gives increased interest to the article which is printed in full below: The wonderful achievements of Japan, with her ironclad rams and torpedoes, should be specially interesting to your readers, because of the fact that these mighty engines of modern war, as successful appliances, had their origin in Virginia, were designed in Richmond and were first successfully used in the waters of James river. With them continually developed and improved by the fertile
Hampton Roads (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
number was fifty-eight, a number far in excess of what all other nations combined, with all their modern improvements and appliances, have effected, during the forty years since passed. The first ironclad ram in actual conflict was the immortal Virginia, victoriously fought in Virginia waters, constructed in Virginia according to the design of Lieut. John M. Brooke, a Virginian, born near Fredericksburg, now an honored professor at the V. M. I. Her great achievement was her victory in Hampton Roads, especially her defeat of the Federal ironclad, an invention not of a naval officer or of an American, whereby the government at Washington was so alarmed, that preparation were made to the close the channel of the Potomac. The Monitor was ordered to be careful of herself, which she was, twice refusing the Virginian's offered battle, or to leave the protections of the guns of the fort, and the Secretary of the Navy, ignoring the first army on the planet, and a navy as powerful as any af
Fredericksburg, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
he immortal Virginia, victoriously fought in Virginia waters, constructed in Virginia according to the design of Lieut. John M. Brooke, a Virginian, born near Fredericksburg, now an honored professor at the V. M. I. Her great achievement was her victory in Hampton Roads, especially her defeat of the Federal ironclad, an invention nfederate. Were made here. Torpedoes as a successful weapon in actual war were introduced into the Confederate navy by Captain Mathews F. Maury, also of Fredericksburg, and first placed by him in James River. Hardly had he arrived in Richmond in April, 1861, in response to Virginia's call to her sons to come to her assistess Monroe, one of which he personally directed (July, 1861); another (October, 1861), by one of his skillful associates, Lieutenant Robert D. Minor, also of Fredericksburg. He thus describes them: These torpedoes were in pairs, connected together by a span 500 feet long. The span was floated on the surface by corks,
Europe (search for this): chapter 1.49
eat instrument of human liberty guaranteeing some of the inalienable rights of man, the Magna Charta. The act of abdication, signed by the Emperor Napoleon, on April 6, 1814, at Fontainbleau, has made the name of that palace famous in French and European history. The surrender by Napoleon III of an army of 90,000 men in September, 1870, which event marked the retirement of the aforesaid Emperor as a factor in European politics, and by which event the empire founded by him of which he had been tEuropean politics, and by which event the empire founded by him of which he had been the head, ended tragically, made Sedan a name in history that will endure. Yorktown has justly become a memorable name in American history on account of its being the place, where, by the surrender of Lord Cornwallis' forces, American national liberty and independence were first definitely assured. Marks the last step. In the history of our country, then, Yorktown marks the first definite step in the progress of events upon which the foundation of our nation as an independent and self-go
Lynchburg (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
ed making a final stand on the banks of and in the country contiguous to the Dan and Roanoke rivers. The execution of this design which he had in mind, had its accomplishment proved possible, would have enabled the leaders to have obtained much better terms than an unconditional surrender. However, as it happened, Grant was able to, and did by a flank movement, which his position aided him in making, prevent the contemplated move on Lee's part, forced the crippled army to retreat towards Lynchburg, where it was surrounded on all sides and compelled to capitulate. This surrender of Lee's army on April the 9th made the fall of the civil branch of the Confederate government inevitable. Hopeful and confident. Until the news of Lee's surrender reached him, President Davis was very hopeful and confident of the ultimate triumph of the Confederacy. In fact, the tone of the proclamation issued by him on the 5th, soon after his arrival in Danville, is, as he admits, viewed by the ligh
Minnesota (Minnesota, United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
fuse, only it was calculated to burn fifty-four seconds, because it could not be known exactly in which part of the sweep along tide the strain would be sufficient to set off the trigger. The torpedoes were launched at three fine frigates, the Minnesota, the Roanoke and the Cumberland. Finding that they all missed, I attributed it to the fact that such a fuse could not burn under a pressure of twenty feet of water. The conjecture was confirmed by experiment. The fuse could burn very sureling the war. With a torpedo boat of his own construction and design, constructed here in Richmond, rigged with a spar torpedo, he most courageously ventured a hundred miles and more down the river, into the enemy's lines, and rammed the frigate Minnesota, lying off Newport News. He exploded the torpedo, but the charge was too small, and but little damage was done or suffered. Gallant attacks. Besides these, numerous gallant attacks were made with torpedoes everywhere, despite the danger
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
fare, more was accomplished by the Confederate States of America than has been accomplished for manauses combined. Scharf's History of the Confederate States Navy gives as an incomplete list of fortl with these Virginia weapons as did the Confederate States navy forty years ago. [An editorial iord, U. S. N., gives a list of thirty-four United States vessels destroyed or injured by Confederatis correct, for the smallest number of the United States admiral is more than sufficient to refute d what will he say to the statement of the United States Secretary of the Navy in his report to Cond to be a well-established fact that the Confederate States had, undoubtedly, a well-defined constitt the end of the civil government in the Confederate States with the last wholly official act, a pro constituted de facto the capital of the Confederate States. A house on Wilson street was obtained ast proclamation of the President of the Confederate States, is not often seen, therefore it is give
Sedan (France) (search for this): chapter 1.49
ranteeing some of the inalienable rights of man, the Magna Charta. The act of abdication, signed by the Emperor Napoleon, on April 6, 1814, at Fontainbleau, has made the name of that palace famous in French and European history. The surrender by Napoleon III of an army of 90,000 men in September, 1870, which event marked the retirement of the aforesaid Emperor as a factor in European politics, and by which event the empire founded by him of which he had been the head, ended tragically, made Sedan a name in history that will endure. Yorktown has justly become a memorable name in American history on account of its being the place, where, by the surrender of Lord Cornwallis' forces, American national liberty and independence were first definitely assured. Marks the last step. In the history of our country, then, Yorktown marks the first definite step in the progress of events upon which the foundation of our nation as an independent and self-governing country rests. Likewise,
Dan River (United States) (search for this): chapter 1.49
is temporary home and capitol very little. He was very busily engaged in examining into the fortifications surrounding the place, which he reported as very faulty both in construction and design. He was also actively engaged in formulating plans relating to the design which he had formed of having Lee retreat to the Virginia State line, where he could be able to form a junction with Johnston, the army as thus combined making a final stand on the banks of and in the country contiguous to the Dan and Roanoke rivers. The execution of this design which he had in mind, had its accomplishment proved possible, would have enabled the leaders to have obtained much better terms than an unconditional surrender. However, as it happened, Grant was able to, and did by a flank movement, which his position aided him in making, prevent the contemplated move on Lee's part, forced the crippled army to retreat towards Lynchburg, where it was surrounded on all sides and compelled to capitulate. This
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