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October 14th, 1873 AD (search for this): chapter 16
pairs, faces fastening paste to paste, and alternating with unpasted portions lying back to back. The bolt thus made is cut along the edges m′, which separates the pile into bags which are like m′ when fully distended. See also his patent, October 14, 1873, in which the paper is cut longitudinally, intermittingly pasted by the paste-wheels and scraper, the edges then being folded under and paste applied to them. Thence it passes over a cylinder between it and a second cylinder, when the botto1, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138,844,L. D. BennerMay 13, 1873. 139,104,H. G. ArmstrongMay 20, 1873. 140,342,N. BiedingerJuly 1, 1873. 141,862,G. DunhamAug. 19, 1873. 143,358,W. LiddellSept. 30, 1873. 143,674,L. C. CrowellOct. 14, 1873. 143,925,J. S. OstrangerOct. 21, 1873. 145,125,J. P. RaymondDec. 2, 1873. 146,372,W. WebsterJan. 13, 1874. 146,773,R. W. MurphyJan. 27, 1874. 146,774,M. MurphyJan. 27, 1874. 147,998,C. B. StilwellFeb. 24, 1874. 148,280,C. G. BiedingerM
July 6th, 1858 AD (search for this): chapter 16
s, notched, folded by a blade which drives the bottom edge between rollers, from whence the folded blank passes to the gummers and flap-folders. Blanks for paper bags. b c d shows a bag in successive stages as made in Wolle's machine of July 6, 1858. The piece is not removed to form the notch, but is folded in to make double the bottom of the bag. The Rice machine, April 28, 1857, was the first to bend a continuous web of paper over into a tubular shape and cut it off obliquely, so thhMarch 13, 1855. 12,786,Smith and PetteeMay 1, 1855. 12,945,E. W. GoodaleMay 29, 1855. 12,982,F. WolleMay 29, 1855. 13,647,E. W. GoodaleOct. 9, 1855. 17,184,B. F. RiceApril 28, 1857. 19,506,Jacob KellerMarch 2, 1858. 20,838,Francis WolleJuly 6, 1858. 21,657,Henry R. DavidOct. 5, 1858. 22,199,S. E. PetteeNov. 30, 1858. 24,734,William GoodaleJuly 12, 1859. 25,191,William GoodaleAug. 23, 1859. 27,959,Louis D. BarrandApril 24, 1860. 28,188,G. F. LufberryMay 8, 1860. 28,537,S. E. Pettee
October 1st, 1872 AD (search for this): chapter 16
at their sides hinged blades, the edges of the blank are folded, reverse folded, and lapped to form a tube which, when distended, is rectangular in section. See also Guild's patent, January 23, 1872. Bibby and Baron's English machine, October 1, 1872, for making square-bottomed bags, takes the paper tube from a roll, cuts, pastes, folds, presses, prints, and delivers the completed bag. Annan's machine, November 12, 1872. A strip of paper, one edge pasted, is fed over curved guides (c J. P., and S. H. BryantSept. 26, 1871. 119,915,B. S. BinneyOct. 17, 1871. 122,099,James ArkellDec. 26, 1871. 122,510,L. D. BennerJan. 9, 1872. 123,013,George GuildJan. 23, 1872. 123,812,L. C. CrowellFeb. 20, 1872. 131,841,Bibby and BaronOct. 1, 1872. 132,312,H. B. MorrisOct. 15, 1872. 132,890,C. F. AnnanNov. 12, 1872. 133,395,J. ArkellNov. 26, 1872. 134,035,B. ColeDec. 17, 1872. 134,580,C. F. AnnanJan. 7, 1873. 135,145,M. MurphyJan. 21, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138
September, 1859 AD (search for this): chapter 16
sponge. This operation develops the picture. The sheet is then washed, dried, and transferred to the stone in the usual way. The coagulated albumen forms over the whole surface of the paper a continuous film which adheres strongly to the stone during the transfer-process, preventing any shifting and consequent doubling of the lines. This is, for all practical purposes, the first successful photolithographic process, and has been used in the Crown-Lands Survey Office of Victoria since September, 1859, in the publication of maps. Substantially the same process is used in the Ordnance Survey Office of England. The duplication and copying of drawings for the United States Patent Office has been for some years performed by Osborne's process, and in accuracy and speed leaves nothing to be desired. 6. Hannaford of London, in August, 1861, suggested a transfer-process, which he never put in practice, but the essential features of which were subsequently patented in England by Toovey i
ic, as the hygrometric pendulum, ballistic pendulum, etc. Previous to the application of the pendulum, a fly-wheel was used, the vanes meeting the resistance of the air, forming a limit to the speed, as in the musical boxes of the present day. Such was probably the regulator in the clocks of the Saracens, which were moved by weights as early as the eleventh century; the clock which struck the hours, referred to by Dante (1265-1321); the clock in the old Palace Yard, London, put up about 1288 and remaining till the time of Elizabeth; the clock made by William of Wallingford in the reign of Richard II. (1377-85). Ebn Junis, of the University of Cordova, invented the timemeasuring pendulum, and his friend and fellow-philosopher, Gerbert, invented the escapement, as it is believed. Gerbert became, successively, schoolmaster at Rheims (where he had a clock), Archbishop of Ravenna, and Pope Sylvester II. He died by poison in 1002. So did his patron, Otho III., about the same tim
October 8th, 1872 AD (search for this): chapter 16
it, and the label is made to adhere to the box by a firm pressure of the vertical plunger. This completes the operation, and the vertical plunger returns to its original position, leaving the finished box upon the platform, which in proper time again turns down and casts the box out at the end of the machine. Patent 132,077 is an improvement on this, and patent 132,076 is a pasting and sanding device for the ends of match-boxes. Heyl's patent for making wire-fastened paper boxes, October 8, 1872. The machine is intended primarily for making boxes of paper or pasteboard without cement, the fastening being effected by wire staples, which are produced and applied by the machine which forms the boxes. The box-blanks are placed in a receptacle provided with a sliding bottom, which is drawn up by a weight and cord applied to a fusee-pulley adapted to graduate the power of the weight to correspond with the number and weight of the blanks remaining in the receptacle. The weightpul
0 B. C., at Capila, near Nepaul. This religion now embraces Ceylon, Tartary, Thibet, China, Japan, and Burmah. He changed his name to Gotama, one who kills the senses, in allusion to the sublimation of the soul by physical mortifications. It appears that the Venetians introduced blockprinting into Europe, and wood-engraving and printing had long been in use in the time of Charles V., when playing-cards were thus made. The printing from blocks is said to have been practiced at Ravenna in 1289, and among the Germans in 1300. In 1441 it had attained the dignity of special legislation; the Venetian card-makers, taking their impressions by means of a burnisher, obtained protection against the introduction of stamped cards. The most important of the block-books was the Biblia Pauperum, or poor man's Bible, which was a book of from 40 to 50 pages, with scenes and incidents from the Bible. It was a great favorite for four or five centuries, existing at first in the manuscript form;
October 15th, 1872 AD (search for this): chapter 16
. AnnanFeb. 14, 1871. 111,803,C. F. AnnanFeb. 14, 1871. 112,005,P. E. ArmstrongFeb. 21, 1871. 114,743,A. AdamsMay 16, 1871. 116,842,M. E. KnightJuly 11, 1871. 118,327,James ArkellAug. 22, 1871. 119,307,J. M., J. P., and S. H. BryantSept. 26, 1871. 119,915,B. S. BinneyOct. 17, 1871. 122,099,James ArkellDec. 26, 1871. 122,510,L. D. BennerJan. 9, 1872. 123,013,George GuildJan. 23, 1872. 123,812,L. C. CrowellFeb. 20, 1872. 131,841,Bibby and BaronOct. 1, 1872. 132,312,H. B. MorrisOct. 15, 1872. 132,890,C. F. AnnanNov. 12, 1872. 133,395,J. ArkellNov. 26, 1872. 134,035,B. ColeDec. 17, 1872. 134,580,C. F. AnnanJan. 7, 1873. 135,145,M. MurphyJan. 21, 1873. 135,275,T. HotchkissJan. 28, 1873. 138,844,L. D. BennerMay 13, 1873. 139,104,H. G. ArmstrongMay 20, 1873. 140,342,N. BiedingerJuly 1, 1873. 141,862,G. DunhamAug. 19, 1873. 143,358,W. LiddellSept. 30, 1873. 143,674,L. C. CrowellOct. 14, 1873. 143,925,J. S. OstrangerOct. 21, 1873. 145,125,J. P. RaymondDec. 2, 1873.
August 23rd, 1851 AD (search for this): chapter 16
photographic process is also used for obtaining a picture upon a plate or block for subsequent engraving. The value of the process consists in the quickness and the fidelity of the picture. In some cases it is a substitute for an offset or tracing process, in other cases it affords a means of obtaining a picture from nature or from a model. In this relation occurred one of the most remarkable patents on record for what it failed to do; that of James Palmer, England, No. 13,736, of August 23, 1851. The object was to use gelatine as a vehicle for receiving delineations of objects. 1. The sheet of gelatine was placed in a frame, in the manner of a pane of glass, between the eye and the object, and the outline of the object was traced upon it. Various methods of reducing, enlarging, multiplying, and transferring are thus obtained. 2. The sheet was treated with chemicals, especially alum, to render it insoluble in water, in order that wet paper might be employed in taking from it
February 23rd, 1869 AD (search for this): chapter 16
erard1867 Harrison1854 Bloomhall1872 Bennett1864 Heatley1873 Gove1858 Dormoy1869 Riley1873 Danes1873 Sellers1873 Wood1870 Heatley1869 Revolving Puddlers. BeadlestoneDec. 9, 1857 HeatonAug. 13, 1867 AllenApr. 14, 1868 YatesFeb. 23, 1869 DanksNov. 24, 1868 DanksOct. 20, 1869 YatesFeb. 23, 1869 See also patents to Boynton, Allen, Jenkins, Smith, 1871; Jackson, Goodrich, Richardson, et al., Davies, Post, 1872; Jones, Danks, 1873. Pud′dle-rolls. The first, or roughiFeb. 23, 1869 See also patents to Boynton, Allen, Jenkins, Smith, 1871; Jackson, Goodrich, Richardson, et al., Davies, Post, 1872; Jones, Danks, 1873. Pud′dle-rolls. The first, or roughing, rolls of a rolling-mill. Invented by Henry Cort, England, and patented in 1783. The loop, or ball of puddled iron, after a preliminary forging, is drawn out by passing through the puddle-rolls, instead of being extended under the hammer. It is then a rough bar. The rolls which bring the iron to definite merchantable shape are known as the merchant train. The process of drawing the loops in grooved rolls was suggested in Payne's patent (England, 1728), but does not seem to have be
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