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Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, books 31-34 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. Professor of Latin and Head of the Department of Classics in the University of Pittsburgh) 1 1 Browse Search
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Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 30 (ed. Frank Gardener Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University), chapter 43 (search)
and give it to the fetials. Under these circumstances the Carthaginians were sent away from Rome, and having presented themselves to Scipio in Africa, they made peace upon the terms above mentioned.With all the traditional formalities, these (and nothing else) being in the hands of the fetials. They surrenderedB.C. 201 warships, elephants, deserters, runaway slaves, and four thousand captives, among whom was Quintus Terentius Culleo,He had been captured in Africa. Cf. xlv. 5. In 195 B.C. he returned to Carthage on an embassy; XXXIII. xlvii. 7; again in 171 B.C.; XLII. xxxv. 7. a senator. The ships Scipio ordered to be put to sea and to be burned. Some historiansChiefly Valerius, as we may infer from the large figures. Livy expressly condemns his exaggerations, e.g. at XXVI. xlix. 3. Cf. above, xix. 11 and XXXIII. x. 8. relate that there were five hundred of them —every type of vessel propelled by oars;The annalists wished to include not only rostratae or longae of our
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 33 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. Professor of Latin and Head of the Department of Classics in the University of Pittsburgh), chapter 44 (search)
ip of Gnaeus Servilius and Gaius Flaminius. The performance took place twenty-one years after the vow.This vow taken in 217 B.C. and its text are found in XXII. ix. 10-x. 6 (the name of the praetor given there is M. Aemilius, instead of A. Cornelius Mammula. Such confusions are too frequent in Livy or in the MSS.). A briefer description of the ver sacrum is given also in XXXIV. xliv. 3 below, where reference is made to the repetition of the celebration because of flaws in the performance of 195 B.C. The essence of the rite is the dedication to the gods of all animals born within a designated period in the spring. At this time Gaius Claudius Pulcher, son of Appius, was chosen augur in place of Quintus Fabius Maximus, who had died the year before, and was installed in office. When everyone wondered why the war which Spain had begun was receiving so little attention, a letter arrived from Quintus Minucius, saying that he had fought successfully in a pitched battle near the town
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 34 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. Professor of Latin and Head of the Department of Classics in the University of Pittsburgh), chapter 10 (search)
At the same time, as Marcus HelviusHelvius had been governor of this province since 197 B.C. (XXXII. xxviii. 2); Claudius succeeded him in 195 B.C. was retiring from Farther Spain, accompanied by a guard of six thousand men furnished by Appius Claudius the praetor, the Celtiberi with a large force fell upon him near the town of Iliturgi. Valerius writes that there were twenty thousand men there, that twelve thousand of them were killed, the town of Iliturgi taken and all the adults put to death. After that Helvius came to the camp of Cato, and, because this region was now safe from the enemy, sent his guard back to Farther Spain and set out for Rome, and by reason of his victory entered the city in an ovation. He deposited in the treasury fourteen thousand seven hundred and thirty-two pounds of uncoined silver, seventeen thousand and twenty-three denarii stamped with the two-horse chariot, and one hundred and nineteen thousand four hundred and forty-nine silver
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 35 (ed. Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh), chapter 10 (search)
idates were many and influential, patricians and plebeians,The Licinian-Sextian legislation of 367 B.C. provided that one consul must be a plebeian and both might be. It was customary to elect one from each order. Publius CorneliusB.C. 193 Scipio, the son of Gnaeus, who had recently returned from Spain after performing great deeds,Cf. i. 3 ff. above. and Lucius Quinctius Flamininus, who had commanded the fleet in Greece,Cf. XXXII. xvi. 9, etc. and Gnaeus Manlius Volso;He had been praetor in 195 B.C. (XXXIII. xlii. 7). these were the patricians; the plebeians now were Gaius Laelius,Laelius was the most intimate friend of Scipio Africanus. He had entered politics late and had been praetor in 196 B.C. (XXXIII. xxiv. 2). Gnaeus Domitius,He was praetor in 194 B.C. (XXXIV. xlii. 4). Gaius Livius Salinator,Probably, but not certainly, the man mentioned in v. 8 above. and Manius Acilius.He had been plebeian aedile in 197 B.C. (XXXIII. xxv. 2). The circumstantial quality of Livy's details
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 35 (ed. Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh), chapter 12 (search)
sadors should be sent around to the kings, who should not only sound out their sentiments but should rouse each, by proper inducements, to a Roman war. Damocritus was dispatched to Nabis, NicanderPolybius (XXI. xxxi) gives his name as Mnestas. to Philip, Dicaearchus, the praetor's brother, to Antiochus. To the Spartan tyrant Damocritus pointed out the weakening of the tyranny from the loss of the coast towns;In XXXIV. xxxv, Livy gives the terms of peace between Rome and Nabis in 195 B.C. There the loss of the coast towns is implied rather than expressly stated. thence he had drawn soldiers, thence ships and naval allies; shut up, almost, within his own walls, he saw the Achaeans lording it in the Peloponnesus; he would never have a chance to recover his own if he let pass the one which then existed; there was, moreover, no Roman army in Greece; Gytheum and the other Spartan towns on the coast would not be considered by the Romans an adequate reason why they should aga
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 35 (ed. Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh), chapter 33 (search)
arms with justice and almost from necessity. After his arrival there Quinctius in the council began with the origin of the alliance of the Aetolians with the Romans and how often the faith imposed by the treaty had been broken by them, and spoke briefly of the status of the cities about which there was debate: if, nevertheless, they considered that they had any just claim, how much better would it be to send ambassadors to Rome,Recalling the experience of the Aetolian embassy in 195 B.C. (XXXIII. xlix. 8), one cannot blame the Aetolians for not being impressed by this argument. whether they preferred to arbitrate or to appeal to the senate, than for the Roman people to go to warB.C. 192 with Antiochus, the Aetolians being the matchmakers,My translation suggests part but not all of the Latin metaphor. The lanistae were the trainers of the gladiators, who acted also in the capacity of the managers of modern prizefighters. Flamininus means that the Romans and Antiochus are to
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 38 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D.), chapter 31 (search)
xxiv. 6 and the note. —summoned it at Argos. When it was clear that almost all would assemble there, the consul, although he favoured the cause of the Aegians, also went to Argos; when the argument had begun there and he saw that the Aegian case was weaker, he gave up his purpose.Fulvius had evidently intended to oppose the proposal of Philopoemen at the meeting. Then the Lacedaemonians diverted his attention to their own quarrels.In 195 B.C. Flamininus had concluded a treaty withB.C. 189 Nabis, tyrant of Lacedaemon, in which it was provided, among other things, that Nabis should surrender his holdings on the coast (XXXIV. xxxv —xxxvi); the Achaean League had assumed, without explicit authority, so far as the evidence shows, the enforcement of this provision when, in 192 B.C., Nabis had undertaken to obtain an outlet to the sea (XXXV. xxv —xxx). After the assassination of Nabis by the Aetolians in the same year, Philopoemen had taken Lacedaemon into the Achaean League (XXX<
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 39 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D.), chapter 56 (search)
Lepidus; this was the fifth year after the consulship of Lepidus, although Lepidus himself became consul after two defeats.Lepidus was consul in 187 B.C. We are left to conjecture the number of defeats suffered by Paulus. Livy seems to dwell on the failures of Paulus, possibly for the contrast with his later brilliant career in Macedonia. Next the praetors were chosen, Quintus Fulvius Flaccus, Marcus Valerius Laevinus, Publius Manlius (for the second time),His first praetorship was in 195 B.C. (XXXIII. xlii. 7). No reason is known for this unusual career. Marcus Ogulnius Gallus, Lucius Caecilius Denter, Gaius Terentius Istra. At the end of the year there was a period of prayer by reason of the prodigies, because the Romans were well persuaded that there had been a shower of blood, lasting two days, in the precinct of Concord,Cf. also xlvi. 5 above and the note and XL. xix. 2. and because it was reported that not far from Sicily, a new island which had not been there be
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 42 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. and Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D.), chapter 34 (search)
iple the lowest in rank in the formation; from his subsequent status, it seems likely that Ligustinus was given the forward centurionship (prior), not the very lowest in the legion, the rear (posterior). For the origin of these subdivisions of the legion, cf. VIII. viii. 5-13; Polybius VI. 21. 6-23. After the defeat of Philip and the Macedonians, when we had been brought back to Italy and discharged, immediately I set out for Spain as a volunteer soldier with Marcus Porcius the consul.195 B.C., cf. XXXIII. xlii. 7 and xliii. The consul was the famous Cato the Censor. Ligustinus had returned to Italy before his commander Flamininus, who returned at the same time that Cato came back from Spain. No one, of all the generals now living, was a keener observer and judge of bravery, as those know who have had experience of him and other leaders, too, through long service. This general judged me worthy to be assigned as centurion of the forward first century of the advance formation
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 43 (ed. Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D.), Conspectus Siglorum (search)
gistrate. Recuperatores (literally recoverers) were usually concerned with a claim involving Romans vs. foreigners. As foreigners, the Spaniards had to be represented by Roman advocates. of senatorial rank and to permit the Spaniards to choose any advocates they might wish. The decree of the senate was read to the envoys, who had been summoned to the senate-house, and they were ordered to name their advocates. They named four, Marcus Porcius Cato,He had benefited the province in 195 B.C. by establishing order and developing mining, cf. XXXIV. xxi. A speech in this case seems to have been once extant under the title Pro Hispanis de frumento (Charisius II. 198. 224 Keil) in which Cato attacked Publius Furius Philus, praetor of Nearer Spain in 174 B.C. (XLI. xxi. 3, cf. below, 8) for unjust valuation of grain received as tribute (Asconius on Cicero Divinatio in M. Caecilium 66, Cato accusavit . . . P. Furium pro iisdem (Lusitanis) propter iniquissimam aestimationem frumenti),
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