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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Apollodo'rus (search)
Apollodo'rus （*)Apollo/dworos). 1. Of ACHARNE in Attica, son of Pasion, the celebrated banker, who died B. C. 370, when his son Apollodorus was twenty-four years of age. (Dem. pro Phorm. p. 951.) His mother, who married Phormion, a freedman of Pasion, after her husband's death, lived ten years longer, and after her death in B. C. 360, Phormion became the guardian of her younger son, Pasicles. Several years later (B. C. 350), Apollodorus brought an action against Phormion, for whom Demosthenes wrote a defence, the oration for Phormion, which is still extant. In this year, Apollodorus was archon eponymus at Athens. (Diod. 16.46.) When Apollodorus afterwards attacked the witnesses who had supported Phormion, Demosthenes wrote for Apollodorius the two orations still extant kata\ *Stefa/nou. (Aeschin. de Fals. Leg. p. 50; Plut. Dem. 15.) Apollodorus had many and very important law-suits, in most of which Demosthenes wrote the speeches for him (Clinton, Fast. Hell. ii. p. 440, &100.3d. e
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Aristo'menes (search)
; it was not in his life that retribution was to come ; but while he was consulting the Delphic oracle, Damagetus, king of Ialysus in Rhodes, being there at the same time, was enjoined by the god "to marry the daughter of the best of the Greeks." Such a command, he thought, could have but one interpretation; so he took to wife the daughter of Aristomenes, who accompanied him to Rhodes, and there ended his days in peace. The Rhodians raised to him a splendid monument, and honoured him as a hero, and from him were descended the illustrious family of the Diagoridae. (Paus. 4.24; Pind. Ol. vii.; Müll. Dor. 1.7.11.) His bones were said to have been brought back to Messenia (Paus. 4.32); his name still lived in the hearts of his worshipping countrymen; and later legends told, when Messenia had once more regained her place among the nations (B. C. 370), how at Leuctra the apparition of Aristomenes had been seen, aiding the Theban host and scattering the bands of Sparta. (Paus. 4.32.) [E.E
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Calli'bius (search)
Calli'bius 2. One of the leaders of the democratic party at Tegea, B. C. 370, who having fiiled in obtaining the sanction of the Tegeans assembly for the project of uniting the Arcadian towns into one body. endeavoured to gain their point by an appeal to arms. These were, however, defeated by the oligarchical leader, Stasippus, and Proxenus, the colleague of Callibius, was slain. Callibius on this retreated with his forces close to the walls of the city, and, while he affected to open a negotiation with Stasippus, waited for the arrival of a reinforcement for which he had sent from Mantineia. On its appearance, Stasippus and his friends fled from the city and took refuge in the temple of Artemis; but the party of Callibius unroofed the building and attacked them with missiles, and being thus obliged to surrender, they were taken to Tegea and put to death after the mockery of a trial. (Xen. Hell. 6.5.6, &c.; comp. Paus. 8.27.) [E.E]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Cleo'menes Ii. the 25th king of Sparta of the Agid line, was the son of Cleombrotus I. and the brother of Agesipolis II., whom he succeeded in B. C. 370. He died in B. C. 309, after a reign of sixty years and ten months; but during this long period we have no information about him of any importance. He had two sons, Acrotatus and Cleonymus. Acrotatus died during the life of Cleomenes, upon whose death Areus, the son of Acrotatus, succeeded to the throne. [AREUS I; CLEONYMUS.] (Diod. 20.29; Plut. Agis 3; Paus. 1.13.3, 3.6.1; Manso, Sparta, 3.1, p. 164, 2. pp. 247, 248: Diod. 15.60, contradicts himself about the time that Cleomenes reigned, and is evidently wrong; see Clinton, Fast. ii. pp. 213, 214.) [P.S]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Da'mophon (search)
Da'mophon （damofw=n), a sculptor of Messene, was the only Messenian artist of any note. (Paus. 4.31.8.) His time is doubtful. Heyne and Winckelmann place him a little later than Phidias; Quatremère de Quincy from B. C. 340 to B. C. 300. Sillig (Catal. Art. s. v. Demophon) argues, from the fact that he adorned Messene and Megalopolis with his chief works, that he lived about the time when Messene was restored and Megalopolis was built. (B. C. 372-370.) Pausanias mentions the following works of Damophon: At Aegius in Achaia, a statue of Lucina, of wood, except the face, hands, and toes, which were of Pentelic marble, and were, no doubt, the only parts uncovered: also, statues of Hygeia and Asclepius in the shrine of Eileithyia and Asclepius, bearing the artist's name in an iambic line on the base: at Messene, a statue of the Mother of the Gods, in Parian marble, one of Artemis Laphria, and several marble statues in the temple of Asclepius: at Megalopolis, wooden statues of Hermes and A
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Duris (search)
of works, most of which were of an historical nature, but none of them has come down to us, and all we possess of his productions consists of a number of scattered fragments. His principal work was-- 1. A history of Greece A history of Greece, h( tw=n *(Ellhnikw=n i(stori/a (Diod. 15.60), or, as others simply call it, i(stori/ai. It commenced with the death of the three princes, Amyntas, the father of Philip of Macedonia, Agesipolis of Sparta, and Jason of Pherae, that is, with the year B. C. 370, and carried the history down at least to B. C. 281, so that it embraced a period of at least 89 years. The number of books of which it consisted is not known, though their number seems to have amounted to about 28. Some ancient writers speak of a work of Duris entitled *Makedonika/, and the question as to whether this was a distinct work, or merely a part of or identical with the i(stori/ai, has been much discussed in modern times. Grauert (Histor. Analect. p. 217) and Clinton maintain, t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Epaminondas (search)
he had but recently expressed his contempt. (Xen. Hell. 6.3. §§ 18-20, 4. §§ 1-15; Diod. 15.33, 51-56; Plut. Ages. 27, 28, Pelop. 20-23, Cam. 19, Reg. et Imp. Apoph. p. 58, ed. Tauchn., De seips. cit. inv. land. 16, De San. Tuend. Prace. 23; Paus. 8.27, 9.13; Polyaen. 2.2; C. Nep. Epam. 6; Cic. Tusc. Disp. 1.46, de Off. 1.24; Suid. s. v. *)Epaminw/ndas.) The project of Lycomedes for the founding of Megalopolis and the union of Arcadia was vigorously encouraged and forwarded by Epaminondas, B. C. 370, as a barrier against Spartan dominion, though we need not suppose with Pausanias that the plan originated with him. (Xen. Hell. 6.5.6, &c.; Paus. 8.27, 9.14; Diod. 15.59; Aristot. Pol. 2.2, ed. Bekk.) In the next year, B. C. 369, the first invasion of the Peloponnesus by the Thebans took place, and when the rest of their generals were anxious to return home, as the term of their command was drawing to a close, Epaminondas and Pelopidas persuaded them to remain and to advance against Spart
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Jason (search)
took Hyampolis and ravaged its land, leaving the rest of the country undisturbed. He also demolished the fortifications of the Lacedaemonian colony of Heracleia in Trachinia, which commanded the passage from Thessaly into southern Greece, evidently (says Xenophon) entertaining no fear of an attack on his own country, but wishing to keep open a way for himself should he find it expedient to march to the south. (Xen. Hell. 6.4.27; comp. Diod. 15.57, who refers the demolition of Heracleia to B. C. 370.) Jason was now in a position which held out to him every prospect of becoming master of Greece. The Pythian games were approaching, and he proposed to march to Delphi at the head of a body of Thessalian troops, and to preside at the festival. Magnificent preparations were made for this, and much alarm and suspicion appear to have been excited throughout Greece. The Delphians, fearing for the safety of the sacred treasures, consulted the oracle on the subject, and received for answer that
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lycome'des (search)
Lycome'des 2. A Mantinean, according to Xenophon and Pausanias, wealthy, high-born, and ambitious. Diodorus calls him in one passage a Tegean; but there can be no question (though Wesseling would raise one) of the identity of this Lycomedes with the Arcadian general whom he elsewhere speaks of as a Mantinean. (Xen. Hell. 7.1.23; Paus. 8.27; Diod. 15.59, 62; Wess. ad Diod. 15.59; Schneider, ad Xen. Hell. 6.5.3.) We first hear of him as one of the chief founders of Megalopolis in B. C. 370, and Diodorus (15.59.) tells us that he was the author of the plan, though the words of Pausanias (8.27, 9.14.) would seem to ascribe the origination of it to Epaminondas. (Comp. Arist. Pol. 2.2, ed. Bekk.; Xen. Hell. 6.5.6, &c.) In B. C. 369 Lycomedes was general of the Arcadians and defeated, near Orchomenus, the forces of the Lacedaemonians under Polytropus. (Xen. Hell. 6.5.14; Diod. 15.62.) In the following year we find symptoms of a rising jealousy towards Thebes on the part of the Arcadians, ow
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Maluginensis (search)
Maluginensis 9. Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis, P. F. M. N., seven times consular tribune: the first time in B. C. 386, the second time in B. C. 384, the third time in B. C. 382, the fourth time in B. C. 380, the fifth time in B. C. 376 (Livy does not mention the consular tribunes of this year, see Diod. 15.71, and Anonym. Noris.), the sixth time in B. C. 370, and a seventh time in B. C. 368. (Liv. 6.6, 18, 22, 27, 36, 38.)
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