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The writings of John Greenleaf Whittier, Volume 5. (ed. John Greenleaf Whittier) 2 2 Browse Search
Medford Historical Society Papers, Volume 7. 1 1 Browse Search
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 30. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones) 1 1 Browse Search
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 23. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones) 1 1 Browse Search
Maj. Jed. Hotchkiss, Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 3, Virginia (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 1 1 Browse Search
Cambridge sketches (ed. Estelle M. H. Merrill) 1 1 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Atlantic Essays 1 1 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1 1 1 Browse Search
The Daily Dispatch: February 20, 1865., [Electronic resource] 1 1 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Easton, Nicholas, 1593-1675 (search)
Easton, Nicholas, 1593-1675 Colonial governor; born in 1593; came to America in 1634, and settled in Ipswich, Mass. In 1638 he removed to Rhode Island and erected the first house in Newport; was governor of Rhode Island and Providence in 1650-52. He died in Newport, R. I., Aug. 15, 1675.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Edict of Nantes, the, (search)
Edict of Nantes, the, An edict promulgated by Henry IV. of France, which gave toleration to the Protestants in feuds, civil and religious, and ended the religious wars of the country. It was published April 13, 1598, and was confirmed by Louis XIII. in 1610, after the murder of his father; also by Louis XIV. in 1652; but it was revoked by him, Oct. 22, 1685. It was a great state blunder, for it deprived France of 500,000 of her best citizens, who fled into Germany, England, and America, and gave those countries the riches that flow from industry, skill, and sobriety. They took with them to England the art of silk-weaving, and so gave France an important rival in that branch of industry.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Jenks, Joseph -1683 (search)
Jenks, Joseph -1683 Inventor; born near London; came to America in 1645, and is supposed to have been the first brassfounder on this continent. On May 6, 1648, he secured a patent from the Massachusetts legislature for a water-mill and for a saw-mill. In 1652 he made the dies, it is said, for the silver coinage—the pine-tree money of that province. In 1654 he made a fire-engine for Boston, and in 1655 he received a patent for an improved method of manufacturing scythes. In 1667 he had an appropriation for the encouragement of wire-drawing. He died in Lynn, Mass., in 1683
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maine, (search)
Gorgeana was incorporated. There the first representative government in Maine was established (1640). On the death of Sir Ferdinando (1647) the province of Maine descended to his heirs. and was placed under four jurisdictions. Massachusetts, fearing this sort of dismemberment of the colony might cause the fragments to fall into the hands of the French, made claim to the territory under its charter. Many of the people of Maine preferred to be under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, and in 1652 a large number of the freeholders in five towns took the oath of allegiance to the Bay State. The latter province then assumed supreme rule in Maine, and continued it until the restoration of the Stuarts (1660), when Charles II., on the petition of the heirs of Gorges, sent over a commission to re-establish the authority of the grantees. Massachusetts. after long resistance, purchased the interests (1677) of the claimants for £12,000 sterling. In 1674 the Dutch conquered the territory ea
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Mint, first American (search)
e of each piece. These coins were to be of the fineness of new sterling English money, and every shilling was to weigh three penny Troy weight, and lesser peeces proportionably. It was found, as soon as they were in circulation, that, owing to the excessive plainness of their finish, they were exposed to washing and clipping. To remedy this evil, the General Court, on Oct. 9 of the same year, ordered a new die, and required that henceforth both shillings and smaller peeces shall have a double ring on either side, with this inscription: Massachusetts, and a tree in the centre, on the one side, and New England and the date of the year on the other side. In 1662 a two-penny piece was added to the series. This mint existed about thirty-four years, but all the coins issued have only the dates 1652 and 1662, the original dies The Pine-tree shilling. having done service, probably, throughout the whole period. These coins are now known as pine-tree shillings. See coinage; currency.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Amsterdam. (search)
he southern point of the island. The village grew apace. Its ways were crooked, its houses straggling, and its whole aspect was unattractive until, under the new administration, improvements were begun, when it contained about 800 people They were under the immediate government of the director-general, and there was much restiveness under the rigorous rule of Stuyvesant, who opposed every concession to the popular will. They asked for a municipal government, but one was not granted until 1652, and in 1653 a city government was organized, much after the model of old Amsterdam, but with less political freedom. The soul of Stuyvesant was troubled by this imprudent intrusting of power with the people. The burghers wished more power, but it could not then be obtained. A city seal and a silver signet for New Amsterdam, with a painted coat-of-arms, were sent to them from Holland. The church grew, and as there were freedom and toleration there in a degree, the population increased, an
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Old Dominion, (search)
rginia. When James VI. of Scotland came to the English throne (1603), Scotland was added, and Virginia was called, in compliment, the fifth kingdom. On the death of Charles I. on the scaffold (1649), his son Charles, heir to the throne, was in exile. Sir William Berkeley (q. v.), a stanch royalist, was then governor of Virginia, and a majority of the colony were in sympathy with him. He proclaimed that son, Charles the Second, King of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Virginia; and when, in 1652, the Virginians heard that the republican government of England was about to send a fleet to reduce them to submission, they sent a message to Breda, in Flanders, where Charles then resided, inviting him to come over and be King of Virginia. He was on the point of sailing for America, when circumstances foreshadowed his restoration to the throne of his father. When that act was accomplished, the grateful monarch caused the arms of Virginia to be quartered with those of England, Scotland, an
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sedgwick, Robert 1590-1656 (search)
Sedgwick, Robert 1590-1656 Military officer; born in England in 1590; was one of the first settlers of Charlestown, Mass. (1635); an enterprising merchant, and for many years a deputy in the General Assembly. Having been a member of an artillery company in London, he was one of the founders of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston, in 1638, and was its captain in 1640: In 1652 he was promoted to the highest military rank in the colony. In 1643 he was associated with John Winthrop, Jr., in the establishment of the first furnace and iron-works in America. In 1654, being in England, he was employed by Cromwell to expel the French from the Penobscot; and was engaged in the expedition of the English which took Jamaica from the Spaniards. He was soon afterwards promoted to major-general. He died in Jamaica, May 24, 1656.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sewall, Samuel 1652-1730 (search)
Sewall, Samuel 1652-1730 Jurist; born in Bishopstoke, England, March 28, 1652; graduated at Harvard College in 1671; studied divinity; preached a while; came into the possession of great wealth by marrying the daughter of a Boston goldsmith; became an assistant in 1684, and was annually chosen a member of the council from 1692 until 1725. He was a judge from 1712 until 1718, when he became chief-justice of Massachusetts, resigning in 1728, in consequence of age and infirmities. Judge Sewall shared in the general belief in witches and witchcraft, and concurred in the condemnation of many of the accused persons, but afterwards publicly acknowledged his error. He seems to have been the first outspoken abolitionist in the United States, having written a tract against slavery, in which he gave it as his opinion that there would be no progress in gospelling until slavery should be abolished. He died in Boston, Mass., Jan. 1, 1730. See witchcraft, Salem.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massachusetts (search)
okes with a three-corded whip and is sent out of the colony......1651 Hugh Parsons and his wife Mary tried for witchcraft; Mrs. Parsons dies in prison, Parsons is acquitted......1651 Oliver Cromwell invites people of Massachusetts to Ireland......1651 French of Canada appeal to the people of New England for aid against the Iroquois without success......1651 Mint set up at Boston (by the General Court) which coins shillings, sixpences, and a few smaller coin......1652 [The date (1652) was not changed for thirty years. John Hull was first mintmaster, and, being allowed fifteen pence out of every twenty shillings coined, he amassed a large fortune.] President Dunster, of Harvard College, is indicted for disturbing infant baptism in the Cambridge church; is convicted, sentenced to a public admonition on lecture day, laid under bonds for good behavior, and compelled to resign and throw himself on the mercies of the General Court......October, 1654 Charles Chauncy accept
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