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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Metellus (search)
Metellus 8. L. Caecilius Metellus Diadematus, Q. F. Q. N., brother of the preceding and son of No. 5, has been frequently confounded with Metellus Dalmaticus, consul B. C. 119 [No. 13], who was a son of Metellus Calvus [No. 6]. Metellus Diadematus received the latter surname from his wearing for a long time a bandage round his forehead, in consequence of an ulcer. He was consul B. C. 117, with Q. Mucius Scaevola; and Eutropius (4.23) erroneously ascribes to him the triumph of Dalmaticus. Clinton (ad ann.) falls into the same mistake. He lived to see the return of his first-cousin Metellus Numidicus from exile, and exerted himself to obtain his recall. (Cic. post Red. in Sen. 15, post Red. ad Quir. 3.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ptolemaeus Apion （*Ptolemai=os *)Api/wn) king of Cyrene, was an illegitimate son of Ptolemy Physcon, king of Egypt, by his mistress Eirene. His father left him by his will the kingdom of the Cyrenaica, to which he appears to have succeeded without opposition, on the death of Physcon, B. C. 117. We know nothing of the events of his reign, but at his death in B. C. 96, he bequeathed his kingdom by his will to the Roman people. The senate, however, refused to accept the legacy, and declared the cities of the Cyrenaica free. They were not reduced to the condition of a province till near thirty years afterwards; a circumstance which has given rise to much confusion, some of the later Roman writers having considered this latter date to be that of the death of Apion, and the accompanying bequest. Hence Sextus Rufus, Ammianus, and Hieronvmus were led to suppose that there were two kings of the name of Apion, an error in which they have been followed by Scaliger, Freinshemius, and other moder
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Ptolemaeus Apion (search)
his sister Cleopatra, whom he permitted to return to Egypt, and gave his daughter Tryphaena in marriage to Antiochus Grypus, the son of Demetrius, whom he also supported with a large auxiliary force. Antiochus was thus enabled to recover possession of the throne of his forefathers, B. C. 125, and from this time the friendly relations between Syria and Egypt continued uninterrupted until the death of Ptolemy. (Just. 39.1,2; J. AJ 13.9; Euseb. Arm. pp. 167, 168.) This took place in the year B. C. 117, ten years after his restoration to the throne, and twenty-nine after the death of his brother Philometor. But he himself reckoned the years of his reign from the date of his first assumption of the regal title at Alexandria, in B. C. 170, and according to this mode of computation, his death took place in the fifty-fourth year of his reign. (Porphyr. apud Euseb. Arm. p. 115; Clinton. F. H. vol. iii. p. 386.) Works The character of Ptolemy Physcon has sufficiently appeared from the foreg
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Ptolemaeus Soter (search)
n inscriptions, but more often distinguished by historians by the appellation of LATHYRUS or LATHURUS (*La/qouros). He was the eldest son of Ptolemy Physcon, by his niece Cleopatra, and was already of full age at the time of his father's death, B. C. 117. Cleopatra, however, who had been appointed by the will of her late husband to succeed him on the throne, was desirous to associate with herself her younger son, Ptolemy Alexander, to the exclusion of his brother. But the latter was popular witurable light when contrasted with those of his mother and brother, and he appears to have been free from the vices which degraded so many of the Egyptian kings. He reigned in all thirty-five years and a half; ten in conjunction with his mother (B. C. 117-107), eighteen in Cyprus (107-89), and seven and a half as sole ruler of Egypt (Porphyr. apud Euseb. Arm. p. 116). After his restoration in B. C. 89 he appears to have assumed the additional title of Philadelphus, whence he is sometimes disting
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ius, the friend of Scipio Africanus the younger (Cic. Lael. 8, Brut. 100.26). He was tribunus plebis B. C. 128, plebeian aedile B. C. 125, and as praetor was governor of the province of Asia in B. C. 121, the year in which C. Gracchus lost his life. He was prosecuted after his return from his province for the offence of Repetundae, in B. C. 120, by T. Albucius, probably on mere personal grounds; but he was acquitted (Cic. de Fin. 1.3, Brulus, 26, 35, de Or. 1.17, 2.70). Scaevola was consul B. C. 117, with L. Caecilius Metellus. It appears from the Laelius of Cicero (100.1), that he lived at least to the tribunate of P. Sulpicius Rufus, B. C. 88. Cicero, who was born B. C. 106, informs us, that after he had put on the toga virilis, his father took him to Scaevola, who was then an old man, and that lie kept as close to him as he could, in order to profit by his remarks (Lael. 100.1). It does not appear how long the Augur survived B. C. 88, the year in which the quarrel of Marius and Sul
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ion. His first campaign was in Spain, probably in the war against Numantia. He next served under the consul L. Aurelius Orestes, in Sardinia, B. C. 126. He was curule aedile in B. C. 123, but was prevented by his poverty from giving the games with much splendour. Though we have only scanty accounts of his early career, it appears that he had already obtained great influence in the state; and he is mentioned by Sallust as one of the leading men at Rome, when Adherbal came to the city, about B. C. 117, to solicit assistance against Jugurtha. He was one of the few Roman nobles who abstained on that occasion from receiving the bribes of Jugurtha, but more through fear of the odium that was likely to accrue from such an act, than from any abhorrence of the thing itself. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the consulship for B. C. 116, but obtained it for the year B. C. 115, when he had M. Caecilius Metellus as his colleague. In his consulship he brought forward a sumptuary law, and anothe
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis: index (ed. Walter Miller), Quintus Scaevola (search)
Quintus Scaevola Mucius, the Augur, son of the preceding, son-in-law of Laelius, friend of Africanus, consul (117), preceptor to Cicero; simple in his greatness, 1.109.
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