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Erata Page 5, line 30, for 1837 read 1807. Page 6, note 1, for 45, 46 read 38, 39. Page 12, note 1 ,for 84, read 85. Page 20, note 2, for XV. read XIV. Page 32, line 26, to Abraham Morrill add8 Page 32, line 30, to Garrad Haddon add 8 Page 35, line 27, for 1836 read 1636. Page 44, note 7, for Boardman read Bordman. Page 143, note 1 ,for Barnard read Bernard. Page 168, note 11, dele Page 214, line 25, for Bordman read Boardman. Page 263, line 4, for Bobbins read Robbins. page 292, line 46, for Boardman read Bordman. page 316, line 3, for 1860 read 1858. page 438, line 1, for O'Hara read O'Hare. Page 526, line 2, after his read second. page 532, line 7 from bottom, dele John. Page 569, line 25, for Abbot read Abbott. Page, 52, line 43, for 1739 read young.
exertions, raised, as in the previous year, five thousand men. To meet the past expense, the little colony incurred heavy debts, and, learning political economy from native thrift, appointed taxes on property to discharge them. The whole continent was exerting its utmost strength, and eager to prove its loyalty. New Jersey, in which the fencible men in time of peace would have been about fifteen thousand, had already lost one thousand men, and yet voted to raise one thousand more. Gov. Bernard (successor to Belcher) to Secretary W. Pitt, Perth Amboy, 20 March, 1759. Its yearly expenditure for the service of the war was equal to about five dollars for each living being in the province. Such was the aid willingly furnished to an administration which respected colonial liberty. To encounter the preparations of England and America, Canada received scanty supplies of provi- chap. XIV.} 1759. sions from France. The king, wrote the minister to Montcalm, the king relies on your
and Golden to John Pownall, 12 August, 1761. In the neighboring province of New Jersey, Francis Bernard, as its governor, a royalist, selected for office by Halifax, had, from 1758, the time of hh flag, my neighbor, Governor Denny, receives a handsome douceur, and I have been told that Governor Bernard in particular has also done business in the same way. Lieutenant Gov. Sharpe to his brotemy by famine. In August, the same month in which this impassioned interdict was issued, Francis Bernard, whom the Board of Trade favored as the most willing friend to the English Church and to Brust resist in arms. John Adams's Works, IV. 6. In September of chap. XVI.} 1760. that year, Bernard manifested the purpose of his appointment, by informing the legislature of Massachusetts that tors had promised him a seat on the bench at the first vacancy. Oakes Angiers Journal, i. But Bernard appointed Thomas Hutchinson, originally a merchant by profession, subservient in his politics,
524: 2. Various incidental allusions in letters of Bernard; 3. Letters of Hutchinson; and 4. The History of to public discussion till the winter of 1763-4; and Bernard expressly writes, that the power of parliament to l. XVIII.} 1761. of the revenue applied for them. Bernard to Shelburne, 22 Dec., 1766. But Otis was borneed for the benefit of officers and informers. Gov. Bernard to Lords of Trade, 6 August, 1761. Boston Gazette, 14 Sept., 1769. Bernard to Shelburne, 22 Dec., 1766. The injury done the province was admitted by the chie that will shake this province to its foundation. Bernard became chap. XVIII.} 1761. alarmed, and concealingin, Dec., 1761. You adore the Oliverian times, said Bernard to Mayhew, at Boston. I adore Him alone who is befEngland's Cambridge was in the hands of Dissenters, Bernard sealed a charter for another seminary in the interir be kept under restrictions; and began to talk of procuring themselves justice. Bernard to Lords of Trade.
ho wished to escape the responsibility attached to a dependence on the people, were quite certain that a provision would be made for their independent support. Bernard to Shelburne, 4 January, 1767. Compare, too, Novanglus. The purpose of raising a revenue by parliament at the peace was no longer concealed; and chastisement wasf both could levy taxes without parliament. Treason! treason! shouted Paine, the member from Worcester. There is not chap. XIX.} 1762. the least ground, said Bernard in a message, for the insinuation under color of which that sacred and well beloved name is brought into question. Otis, who was fiery, but not obstinate, erasedd paint characters as freely; it shall not be published while I live, but I will be revenged on some of the rascals after I am dead; and he pleaded fervently that Bernard should reserve his favor exclusively for the friends to government. I do not say, cried Mayhew from the pulpit, on the annual Thanksgiving day, I do not say our
who had so much contributed to swell the vote, in the progress of his own ambition, had for a rival Halifax, his old superior at the Board of Trade, who was equally desirous of the department of the colonies, with the rank of a secretary of state. In the first days of January, 1763, it was publicly avowed what had long been resolved on, that a stand- chap. XX.} 1763. ing army of twenty battalions was to be kept up in America after the peace; A. Oldham to H. Gates, 6 January, 1763. Bernard, in 1765, says the new measure had been long determined on. and, as the ministry were all the while promising great things in point of economy, it was designed that the expense should be defrayed by the colonists themselves. On the tenth day of February, 1763, the treaty was ratified; and five days afterwards, at the hunting-castle of Hubertsburg, a definitive treaty closed the war of the empress queen and the Elector of Saxony against the great Frederic. The year of 1761 had ended for
A permanent civil list, independent of colonial appropriations, an aristocratic middle legislative power, and a Court of Chancery—these were the subjects of the very earnest recommendation of Bernard to the British government. Answer of Francis Bernard, 1763. Esq., Governor of Massachusetts 423. Bay, to the queries proposed by the Lords Commissioners for Trade and State, Plantations; dated 5 September, King's Library, Mss. CCV. Compare on the loyalty of Massachusetts, Bernard to Sec. of Bernard to Sec. of 16 Feb. 1763, and same to same, 25 Oct. 1763. On the extension of the British frontier by the cession of Canada, and the consequent security of the interior, New-England towns, under grants from Wentworth, the Governor of New-Hampshire, rose up on both sides of the Connecticut, and extended to the borders of Lake Champlain. But New-York coveted the lands, and under its old charter to the Duke of York, had long disputed with NewHamp-shire the jurisdiction of the country west of Connecticut
mported into his majesty's plantations. Part of which wine, fruit, &c., he the said James Cockle used to share with Governor Bernard. And I further declare that I used to be the negotiator of this business, and receive the wine, fruit, &c., and dis96, 757. 2. 1. Compare what Lieut.-Governor Sharpe, of Maryland, and Temple, the Surveyor-General of the Customs say of Bernard's integrity in revenue affairs. had invalidated; and this brought him in conflict with the spirit which Otis had arouse to enforce the Navigation Acts. To this end Admiral Colville, Admiral Colville to Lieutenant Governor of New-York. Bernard North America, 11 October, 1763. the naval Commander-in-chief on the coasts of North America, from the river St. Lawrencn appeal to the Privy Council was costly and difficult, and besides, when as happened before the end of the year, Governor Bernard to the Secretary of State, 24 December, 1763. Thomas Whately, Secretary of the Treasury, to Commissioners of the Cu
nications which passed between Hutchinson and Israel Mauduit and Thomas Whately; between one of the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania and Deputy Governor Hamilton; between Cecil Calvert and Hugh Hammersley, successive Secretaries of Maryland, and Lieutenant Governor Sharpe; between Ex-Governor Pownall and Dr. Cooper of Boston; between Hollis and Mayhew and Andrew Eliot of Boston. Of all these I have copies. Of the letter-books and drafts of letters of men in office, I had access to those of Bernard for a single year; to those of Hutchinson for many years; to that of Dr. Johnson, the patriarch of the American Episcopal Church, with Archbishop Secker; to those of Colden; to those of Lieutenant Governor Sharpe. Many letters of their correspondents also fell within my reach. For the affairs of the Colonies I have consulted their own Archives, and to that end have visited in person more than half the old thirteen colonies. Long continued pursuit, favored by a general good will, has
and loyalty. But Bernard resented Compare Bernard to Hillsborough, 30 May, 1768. the exclusion d have terminated. But on the following day, Bernard—an abject coward, See the Journal of Captaion of Hutchinson, Oliver, and two others, Bernard to the Lords of Trade, 7 July, 1766. and accuion of the King's authority. Speech of Governor Bernard to the Council and House of Representativ which it occasioned, Prior Documents, 89. Bernard renewed his complaints that the principal cro serve to impeach the right. Speech of Governor Bernard to the Legislature, 3 June, 1766, in Brad State Papers, 81. And inviting them again Bernard to Lords of Trade, 7 July, 1766. to choose am, II. 204. fit to express their indignation. Bernard's speeches fell on the ear of Samuel Adams, are to Conway, 20 June, 1766. From Boston, Bernard, without any good reason, chimed in with the erly introduced and effectually supported. Bernard to Lords of Trade, 7 July, 1766. And he gave [7 more...]
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