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Browsing named entities in a specific section of George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10. Search the whole document.

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New Jersey (New Jersey, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
sanguinary measures to punish and subdue. The refugees, emboldened by the powerlessness of congress, and embittered by its advice to the several states to confiscate their property, thronged the antechamber of the minister and fired his vengeful passions by their own. In New York there sprung up a double set of counsellors. Clinton repressed the confidence of the secretary of state by faithful reports of the inadequacy of his forces: on the other hand, William Franklin, late governor of New Jersey, aiming at the power and emoluments to be derived Chap. VII.} 1778. from an appointment as the head of a separate organization of loyalists, proposed as no difficult task to reduce and retain one of the middle provinces, by hanging or exiling all its rebels, and confiscating their estates to the benefit of the friends to government. Wiser partisans of Great Britain reprobated the desire of continuing the war for the sake of war, and foretold that, should the mode of devastation be adopt
Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
s, after the confederation should have been ratified. Of thousands of dollars, Massachusetts was rated at eight hundred and twenty; Virginia at eight hundred; Pennsylvania at six hundred and twenty; Connecticut at six hundred; New York, rent and ravaged by the war, at two hundred; Delaware and Georgia, each at sixty. A general w and ten millions more in the last. Certificates of the loan offices were also used in great amounts in payment of debts to the separate states, especially to Pennsylvania. The legalized use of paper money spread its neverfailing blight. Trade became a game of hazard. Unscrupulous debtors discharged contracts of long standinmise, the states were invited to withdraw six millions of paper dollars annually for eighteen years, beginning with the year 1780. The measure was carried by Pennsylvania and the states north of it, Chap. VII.} 1778. against the southern states; but other opinions ruled before the arrival of the year in which the absorption of
Connecticut (Connecticut, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
been ratified. Of thousands of dollars, Massachusetts was rated at eight hundred and twenty; Virginia at eight hundred; Pennsylvania at six hundred and twenty; Connecticut at six hundred; New York, rent and ravaged by the war, at two hundred; Delaware and Georgia, each at sixty. A general wish prevailed to respect the recommendat by eight states against Rhode Island and Maryland. Samuel Adams and Lovell, of Massachusetts, voted for it, but were balanced by Gerry and Holten; Sherman, of Connecticut, opposed it, but his vote was neutralized by that of Ellsworth. The people of the United States, in proportion to their numbers, were more opulent than the peoof Long Island Sound, by way of West Point, to the Delaware. For the convenience of forage the four regiments of cavalry were distributed among the states from Connecticut to Virginia. The troops were hutted as at Valley Forge: they suffered extreme distress for want of food; but, through importations from France, they were bette
New England (United States) (search for this): chapter 8
e rise of prices, which, in February, 1777, it proposed to remedy by conventions of the northern, of the middle, and of the three southernmost states. That for New England met in the summer at Hartford; but, while the development of the institutions of the country was promoted by showing how readily the people of a group of statesce. One American detachment from Pittsburgh was to capture Detroit; another from Wyoming, Niagara; a third from the Mohawk river to seize Oswego; a fourth from New England, by way of the St. Francis, to enter Montreal; a fifth, to guard the approaches from Quebec: while to France was assigned the office of reducing Quebec and Hali On the plantations of Virginia labor was undisturbed, and its abundant products were heaped up for exportation along the banks of her navigable waters. In all New England, seedtime and harvest did not fail; and the unmolested ports of Massachusetts grew opulent by commerce. Samuel Adams, uttering the popular sentiment, wrote fro
Tuscany (Italy) (search for this): chapter 8
ves for advances; and, besides, they were all weighed down by very heavy expenses and obligations of their own. Shadowy hopes of foreign loans rose before congress. In December, 1777, in advance of treaties of commerce and alliance, the American commissioners in France and Spain were instructed to borrow two million pounds sterling, to be repaid in ten years; and in February, 1778, the commissioner for Tus- 1778. Feb. cany was charged to borrow half as much more. Yet the grand duke of Tuscany would have no relations with the United States; and no power was so ill disposed towards them as Spain. To the American people congress wrote in May: May. The reasons that your money hath depreciated are, because no taxes have been imposed to carry on the war; but they did not as yet venture to ask power to levy taxes. On obtaining the king of France for their ally, they authorized drafts on their commissioners in Paris for thirty-one and a half millions of livres, at five livres to th
Quebec (Canada) (search for this): chapter 8
erican detachment from Pittsburgh was to capture Detroit; another from Wyoming, Niagara; a third from the Mohawk river to seize Oswego; a fourth from New England, by way of the St. Francis, to enter Montreal; a fifth, to guard the approaches from Quebec: while to France was assigned the office of reducing Quebec and Halifax. Lafayette would willingly have used his influence at Versailles in favor of the enterprise: but Washington showed how far the part reserved for the United States went beyoQuebec and Halifax. Lafayette would willingly have used his influence at Versailles in favor of the enterprise: but Washington showed how far the part reserved for the United States went beyond their Chap. VII.} 1778. resources; and, in deference to his advice, the speculative scheme was laid aside. The spirit of independence none the less grew in strength. Almost all parts of the country were free from the ravages of war; and the inhabitants had been left to plough and plant, to sow and reap, their fields without fear. On the plantations of Virginia labor was undisturbed, and its abundant products were heaped up for exportation along the banks of her navigable waters. In all
West Indies (search for this): chapter 8
r better calculated to make the people feel their distresses. The king believed in the hourly declension of the rebellion, and that the colonies must soon sue to the mother country for pardon. But Clinton well understood Chap. VII.} 1778. the power of the insurgents and the insufficiency of his own resources; and, obeying peremptory instructions, before the end of the year he most reluctantly detached three thousand men for the conquest of Georgia, and ten regiments for service in the West Indies. His supplies of meat and bread, for which he depended on Europe, were precarious. His military chest was empty; and the inhabitants of New York, mindful of the hour when the city would be given up, were unwilling to lend him their specie. I do not complain, so he wrote in December to Dec. the secretary of state; but, my lord, do not let any thing be expected of one circumstanced as I am. The people of America, notwithstanding their want of efficient government, set no narrow bound
Wyoming (Wyoming, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
set no narrow bounds to their aspirations. From Boston d'estaing, in the name of his king, had summoned the Canadians to throw off British rule; Lafayette, in December, exhorted his children, the savages of Canada, to look upon the English as their enemies. Thus encouraged, congress, without consulting a single military man, formed a plan for the emancipation of Canada, in co-operation with an army from France. One American detachment from Pittsburgh was to capture Detroit; another from Wyoming, Niagara; a third from the Mohawk river to seize Oswego; a fourth from New England, by way of the St. Francis, to enter Montreal; a fifth, to guard the approaches from Quebec: while to France was assigned the office of reducing Quebec and Halifax. Lafayette would willingly have used his influence at Versailles in favor of the enterprise: but Washington showed how far the part reserved for the United States went beyond their Chap. VII.} 1778. resources; and, in deference to his advice, th
Maryland (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
to become the refuge, of mankind. From this time, congress saw no resource but in such very considerable loans or subsidies in Europe as could be expected only from an ally; and, before the end of October, they instructed Franklin to assure his most Christian majesty, they hoped protection from his power and magnanimity. There Chap. VII.} 1778. were those in congress who would not place their country under protection; but the word was retained by eight states against Rhode Island and Maryland. Samuel Adams and Lovell, of Massachusetts, voted for it, but were balanced by Gerry and Holten; Sherman, of Connecticut, opposed it, but his vote was neutralized by that of Ellsworth. The people of the United States, in proportion to their numbers, were more opulent than the people of France; but they had no means of organizing their resources. The Oct. pride that would not consent to an efficient union, was willing to ask protection from Louis the Sixteenth. The country was also lo
Fort Niagara (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 8
arrow bounds to their aspirations. From Boston d'estaing, in the name of his king, had summoned the Canadians to throw off British rule; Lafayette, in December, exhorted his children, the savages of Canada, to look upon the English as their enemies. Thus encouraged, congress, without consulting a single military man, formed a plan for the emancipation of Canada, in co-operation with an army from France. One American detachment from Pittsburgh was to capture Detroit; another from Wyoming, Niagara; a third from the Mohawk river to seize Oswego; a fourth from New England, by way of the St. Francis, to enter Montreal; a fifth, to guard the approaches from Quebec: while to France was assigned the office of reducing Quebec and Halifax. Lafayette would willingly have used his influence at Versailles in favor of the enterprise: but Washington showed how far the part reserved for the United States went beyond their Chap. VII.} 1778. resources; and, in deference to his advice, the specula
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