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Berkeley County (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 55
d to get horses in Pennsylvania, but found them removed from the line of march, and we had no time to look for them elsewhere. In July, 1864, the cavalry brigade which I commanded was encamped near the Potomac river, in the county of Berkeley, West Virginia. It made the advance post of the army under General Early, that was guarding the approaches into Virginia through the Shenandoah Valley. On the 28th of July, I received an order from General Early to cross the Potomac with my brigade aorth, both at the time and since the close of the war. On the 29th of July, the two cavalry brigades that were to make the dash into Pennsylvania, by turning the right of Hunter's army, were assembled at or near Hammond's mill, in Berkeley county, West Virginia. During the night the Federal pickets on the northern side of the Potomac were captured, and the troops crossed just at daylight on the morning of the 30th, and moved out and formed the line of march on the National road. Major Gilm
Chambersburg, Pa. (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 55
The burning of Chambersburg. General John M'Causland. The wanton destruction of the private property of retaliation, by Early's order, upon the city of Chambersburg. Andrew Hunter lived in the county of Jeffersont to explain the reasons why the city of Chambersburg, in Pennsylvania, was destroyed. It may be consideredlvania, and which resulted in the destruction of Chambersburg. Hunter's army (Union) was scattered along the Bradley T. Johnston, and proceed to the city of Chambersburg, and after capturing it to deliver, to the propeeral commander, and that the money demanded from Chambersburg was to be paid to these parties as a compensatio battalion, kept the roads clear, and we reached Chambersburg at daylight on the 31st. The approach to the tohe says: On the 30th of July, McCausland reached Chambersburg, and made the demand as directed, reading to suco may read what is said about the destruction of Chambersburg, may have the opinion of a standard authority up
John T. Anderson (search for this): chapter 55
for the destruction of these properties than could have been given if General Hunter had destroyed every house, barn, or other building, that was standing and in good order, upon his line of march from Staunton to Lynchburg. The property of J. T. Anderson was in the county of Botetourt, and located near the banks of James river, at Buchanan. Mrs. Anderson and a lady relative were the only occupants at the time. I destroyed the bridge across James river to retard Hunter in his march upon Lyncroclamation also stated that this course.had been adopted in retaliation for the destruction of property in Virginia, by the orders of General Hunter, and specified that the houses of Andrew Hunter, A. R. Boteler, E. J. Lee, Governor Letcher, J. T. Anderson, the Virginia Military Institute, and others in Virginia, had been burned by the orders of General D. Hunter, a Federal commander, and that the money demanded from Chambersburg was to be paid to these parties as a compensation for their prope
Sweeney (search for this): chapter 55
lry from the small village of Clear Spring, and pushed on toward Hagerstown to create the impression that the rest of the troops were following. At Clear Spring we left the National road and turned north on the Mercersburg road. We reached Mercersburg about dark, and stopped to feed our horses, and to give time for the stragglers to come up. After this stop the march was continued all night, notwithstanding the opposition made at every available point by a regiment of Federal cavalry. Major Sweeney, with his cavalry battalion, kept the roads clear, and we reached Chambersburg at daylight on the 31st. The approach to the town was defended only by one piece of artillery and some irregular troops that were soon driven off, and the advance of our force took possession of the town. The main part of the two brigades was formed in line on the high ground overlooking the town. I at once went into the place with my staff, and requested some of the citizens to inform the city authorities
J. T. Anderson (search for this): chapter 55
y house, barn, or other building, that was standing and in good order, upon his line of march from Staunton to Lynchburg. The property of J. T. Anderson was in the county of Botetourt, and located near the banks of James river, at Buchanan. Mrs. Anderson and a lady relative were the only occupants at the time. I destroyed the bridge across James river to retard Hunter in his march upon Lynchburg, and it detained him with his army for two days, during which time he occupied this house as his ficer and some soldiers returned with a written order from him to destroy everything about the premises. A few days afterward, as General Hunter was passing another Virginia mansion, a lady asked him why he destroyed the magnificent home of Colonel Anderson. He replied, that Virginia women were worse traitors than their husbands, and he would burn the houses over their heads to make them personally and immediately experience some punishment for their treason; and on another occasion said to a
John McCausland (search for this): chapter 55
ward. We encamped at McConnelsburg that night, and reached the river the next day, at or near Hancock, Maryland. In confirmation of what I have written Major Gilmer says in his book, Four years in the saddle, page 210: He showed me General Early s order. General Early, in his Memoir, page 51, says: A written demand was sent to the municipal authorities, and they were informed what would be the result of a failure or refusal to comply with it. On page 59 he says: On the 30th of July, McCausland reached Chambersburg, and made the demand as directed, reading to such of the authorities as presented themselves the paper sent by me. Colonel W. E. Peters, who commanded one of the regiments in Johnston's Brigade, when the burning commenced came and asked me if the burning was being done by my orders. I showed him the order of General Early, and he was satisfied, and proceeded to carry out the order as was being done by other regiments of his brigade. In this expedition the troops pas
Lizzie Letcher (search for this): chapter 55
er lived in the county of Jefferson, near Harper's Ferry, and was a relative of General Hunter; A. R. Boteler and E. J. Lee also lived in the same vicinity. No reasons that I have ever heard have been given for the burning of their houses. Governor Letcher's property was in Lexington, Virginia; the Military Institute was near Lexington, also. I do not think that any better reasons can be given for the destruction of these properties than could have been given if General Hunter had destroyed e Virginia. The proclamation also stated that this course.had been adopted in retaliation for the destruction of property in Virginia, by the orders of General Hunter, and specified that the houses of Andrew Hunter, A. R. Boteler, E. J. Lee, Governor Letcher, J. T. Anderson, the Virginia Military Institute, and others in Virginia, had been burned by the orders of General D. Hunter, a Federal commander, and that the money demanded from Chambersburg was to be paid to these parties as a compensatio
Jubal A. Early (search for this): chapter 55
the strongest reasons for the retaliation, by Early's order, upon the city of Chambersburg. Andreon the flanks. My, command was on the left of Early's army, and I think that Averills cavalry was It made the advance post of the army under General Early, that was guarding the approaches into Virthe 28th of July, I received an order from General Early to cross the Potomac with my brigade and or property. It appears that the policy of General Early had been adopted upon proper reflection; testroyed in accordance with my orders from General Early. After a few hours of delay many citizensy own officers the written instructions of General Early, and before a single house was destroyed bears in the saddle, page 210: He showed me General Early s order. General Early, in his Memoir, paGeneral Early, in his Memoir, page 51, says: A written demand was sent to the municipal authorities, and they were informed what woe by my orders. I showed him the order of General Early, and he was satisfied, and proceeded to ca
Andrew Hunter (search for this): chapter 55
of citizens of Virginia, by the orders of General Hunter, a Federal commander, may be considered asy's order, upon the city of Chambersburg. Andrew Hunter lived in the county of Jefferson, near Harper's Ferry, and was a relative of General Hunter; A. R. Boteler and E. J. Lee also lived in the same properties than could have been given if General Hunter had destroyed every house, barn, or other troyed the bridge across James river to retard Hunter in his march upon Lynchburg, and it detained hut the premises. A few days afterward, as General Hunter was passing another Virginia mansion, a laats and acts of wanton violence on the part of Hunter, all of which went to make up public sentiment resulted in the destruction of Chambersburg. Hunter's army (Union) was scattered along the norther of property in Virginia, by the orders of General Hunter, and specified that the houses of Andrew HAndrew Hunter, A. R. Boteler, E. J. Lee, Governor Letcher, J. T. Anderson, the Virginia Military Institute,
Bradley T. Johnston (search for this): chapter 55
advance post of the army under General Early, that was guarding the approaches into Virginia through the Shenandoah Valley. On the 28th of July, I received an order from General Early to cross the Potomac with my brigade and one under General Bradley T. Johnston, and proceed to the city of Chambersburg, and after capturing it to deliver, to the proper authorities, a proclamation which he had issued, calling upon them to furnish me with one hundred thousand dollars in gold, or five hundred thopage 59 he says: On the 30th of July, McCausland reached Chambersburg, and made the demand as directed, reading to such of the authorities as presented themselves the paper sent by me. Colonel W. E. Peters, who commanded one of the regiments in Johnston's Brigade, when the burning commenced came and asked me if the burning was being done by my orders. I showed him the order of General Early, and he was satisfied, and proceeded to carry out the order as was being done by other regiments of his
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