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July 12th (search for this): chapter 6
mber, I have seen and known him, always looking up to him with reverence. It is hard to think that I shall not see and know him more on earth. I trust that his papers are in such condition that we can all have the benefit of them. It will be a rare pleasure to read the political reminiscences of a person who enjoyed such opportunities, and who was always so honest. You will be good enough to offer from me to his family the assurance of my sympathy. He wrote to Mrs. Nassau W. Senior, July 12, on the death of her husband:— Let me express to you the deep sympathy with which I have learned your recent bereavement. For more than a quarter of a century I have known Mr. Senior well, and had always found him kind, candid, considerate, and full of true friendship. A large circle will deplore his loss; and I pray you not to forget that it embraces many on this side of the ocean. But I wish to speak especially of myself; I shall always remember with pleasure and gratitude the re
May 13th, 1864 AD (search for this): chapter 6
iders who take up their specialties; and his treatment of Chandler in the debate drew from the latter the retort that the senator from Maine had lectured the body about enough. Next he took Sumner to task for superfluous comments on a celebrated law case, for his style, particularly in the resort to poetry for illustrations, and for want of practical knowledge. Sumner tried to avoid a personal controversy, but Fessenden was persistent in his thrusts. The Boston Commonwealth replied, May 13, 1864, to Fessenden's imputation in debate that Sumner had instigated its criticisms of himself, and denied that Sumner had any complicity with them. Fessenden so far forgot himself at times as to talk audibly in the Senate while Sumner was speaking. This is stated by another senator, Mr. Conness, in an interview published in the Gold Hill (Colorado) News, and sent by him in a note to Sumner, August 22. 1865. Mr. Conness said, Mr. Fessenden was always snapping at Mr. Sumner in debate. Freder
February 20th, 1867 AD (search for this): chapter 6
have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Sumner preferred a scientific to a traditional form, and thought the one reported to imply a sanction of slavery as a punishment of crime,—a penalty deemed humane at the time of the Ordinance, but now discarded. The proposed sale of negro convicts in Maryland was an occasion of his subsequently recurring to his criticism of the form of the amendment. (In the Senate, Jan. 3 and Feb. 20, 1867, Works, vol. XI. pp. 54-58.) He also initiated, Jan. 3, 1867 (Works, vol. XI. pp. 52, 53), a prohibition of peonage in New Mexico. His own substitute provided that all persons are equal before the law, so that no person can hold another as a slave; and later he suggested as another form, Slavery shall not exist anywhere within the United States. Trumbull could not see why Sumner should be so pertinacious about particular words, and Howard objected to the latter's formula as more Frenc
November 29th, 1864 AD (search for this): chapter 6
day at the polls to see that his people voted for McClellan. Sumner contributed two articles to a Boston journal on the seizure of the Florida, a Confederate war vessel, in the neutral waters of Brazil, by the United States steamer Wachusett. While not justifying the seizure, they were a reply in the nature of an argumentum ad hominem to British criticisms of the transaction, with a treatment of precedents similar to that which he had applied to the Trent case. Boston Advertiser, Nov. 29, 1864, Jan. 17, 1865; Works, vol. IX. pp. 141-173. Other writers who took his view in the discussion were Theophilus Parsons, George Bemis, and C. F. Dunbar; but on the other side were Goldwin Smith and Prof. Henry W. Torrey, —the latter writing with the signature of Privatus. Cobden, in the last letter but one which he wrote to Sumner, objected to his use of England's old doings as an excuse for your present shortcomings; and thought the vessel should have been promptly returned to Brazil.
May 12th, 1864 AD (search for this): chapter 6
led it,—in which Johnson bore witness to his personal regard for Sumner, and the courtesy he had received from him. Sumner recalled in this debate his early association with Marshall. Ante, vol. i. pp. 124, 125. Sumner struggled hard at the same session, in the consideration of two bills amending the city charter, to include the colored people among the electors of the city of Washington; but the Senate was deaf to his entreaties, even rejecting the inclusion of colored soldiers. May 12, 26, 27, 28, 1864. Works, vol. VIII. pp. 458-469. Those like Morrill of Maine, Grimes, and Wade, who thought the proposition untimely, and those who were opposed to it altogether, made the majority. His own colleague was among those whom he could not persuade. Sumner, in protesting against the exclusion of the colored people from the suffrage, said: At this moment of revolution, when our country needs the blessing of Almighty God and the strong arms of all her children, this is not the t
December 9th, 1860 AD (search for this): chapter 6
s a corporate malfeasance, even at common law, and before the statute of March 3 took effect sought, Feb. 20, 1865, the repeal of the charter of a company which enforced the exclusion. (Congressional Globe, pp. 915, 916.) He called attention in the Senate, Feb. 10 and 17, 1868 (Globe, pp. 1071, 1204), to a similar denial of right. He sought in the session of 1869-1870 the repeal of the charter of a medical society in Washington because of its exclusion of colored physicians as members. Dec. 9, 1860, Works, vol. XIII. pp. 186-188; March 4, 1870, Globe, pp. 1677, 1678. but as one of the companies maintained the exclusion in defiance of the statute, the senator notified its managers of his purpose to move the forfeiture of its charter, and further, made a formal complaint against them to the lawofficer of the District. This ended the contest, and from that time all the cars on street railways in the District were as free to one race as to the other. Sumner had in 1862 secured the
March 4th, 1870 AD (search for this): chapter 6
and before the statute of March 3 took effect sought, Feb. 20, 1865, the repeal of the charter of a company which enforced the exclusion. (Congressional Globe, pp. 915, 916.) He called attention in the Senate, Feb. 10 and 17, 1868 (Globe, pp. 1071, 1204), to a similar denial of right. He sought in the session of 1869-1870 the repeal of the charter of a medical society in Washington because of its exclusion of colored physicians as members. Dec. 9, 1860, Works, vol. XIII. pp. 186-188; March 4, 1870, Globe, pp. 1677, 1678. but as one of the companies maintained the exclusion in defiance of the statute, the senator notified its managers of his purpose to move the forfeiture of its charter, and further, made a formal complaint against them to the lawofficer of the District. This ended the contest, and from that time all the cars on street railways in the District were as free to one race as to the other. Sumner had in 1862 secured the competency of colored persons as witnesses in
December 28th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 6
. Gladstone, Jan. 1, 1864:— I begin the year with my acknowledgments of the kindness of your letter, and with my best wishes. A happy New Year to you and to your family! A happy New Year also to all England; for my heart is always with England. Winter has come, and our soldiers are preparing their huts for winter quarters. But I learn that General Grant will not go into winter quarters; he means to trouble the rebellion without giving it time to rest. Sumner wrote to Lieber, Dec. 28, 1863: Grant will continue active; he has a military genius. This is more practicable in the milder climate where he is than in Virginia, which is on the isothermal line of Crimea. But our politics seem to have something of the tranquillity of our neighboring army. Never since I have been in public life has there been so little excitement in Congress. The way seems at last open. Nobody doubts the result. The assurance of the future gives calmness. Some who come direct from General Gr
July 4th (search for this): chapter 6
ance of the future gives calmness. Some who come direct from General Grant declare that the war can be ended on the 4th July next. For myself, I have never seen when this war would be ended; for I was unable to estimate the courage and force thd deliverable at a future day; April 15. Congressional Globe, p. 1648. and several questions of internal taxation. July 4. Congressional Globe, pp. 3539, 3540. Sumner pleaded two days before the final adjournment that the time for closing the session should be extended beyond July 4, insisting that further financial legislation was imperatively required; but the senators, weary and overcome with heat, were deaf to his entreaties. Works, vol. IX. pp. 55-63. He said:— Mr. Prest come. I am not ready for any such step now. There is a dementia to adjourn and go home. To the Duchess of Argyll, July 4:— Congress will disperse to-day, having done several good things: (1) All fugitive-slave acts have been repealed; (
March, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 6
red for his last message; but it was abandoned lest it might embarrass the other constitutional amendment. But you can quiet your Hebrew associates with regard to me. Loyalty in the Civil War was tested by what was known as the iron-clad oath, prescribed by Act of Congress, July 2, 1862, under which all persons in the civil and military service were required to take an oath which affirmed past loyalty, as well as pledged future allegiance to the government. At the special session in March, 1863, and at the regular session, which began in December of the same year, Sumner contended that this statute applied to senators. March 5, 1863; Jan. 25, 1864. Works, vol. VIII. pp. 53-72. He and other Republican senators took the oath voluntarily; but as the Democratic senators maintained that the Act did not apply to members of Congress, and declined to take it, Sumner moved and carried a rule of the Senate requiring senators to take this oath; he also introduced and carried a bill re
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