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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Falmouth, treaties at. (search)
Falmouth, treaties at. The Penobscot and Norridgewock Indians sent delegates to a conference in Boston, June 23, 1749, and there proposed to treat for peace and friendship with the people of New England. A treaty was soon afterwards made at Falmouth, N. H., between them and the St. Francis Indians, by which peace was established. At a conference held at St. George's, in York county, Me., Sept. 20, 1753, the treaty at Falmouth was ratified by more than thirty of the Penobscot chiefs; but the next year, when hostilities between France and England began anew, these Eastern Indians showed signs of enmity to the English. With 500 men, the governor of Massachusetts, accompanied by Colonel Mascarene, a commissioner from Nova Scotia, Major-General Winslow, commander of the forces, and other persons of rank, embarked at Boston to hold another conference with these Indians at Falmouth. There, at the last of June, 1754, former treaties were ratified.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Flag, National. (search)
Flag, National. Every colony had its peculiar ensign, and the army and navy of the united colonies, at first, displayed various flags, some colonial, others regimental, and others, like the flag at Fort Sullivan, Charleston Harbor, a blue field with a silver crescent, for special occasions. The American flag used at the battle on Bunker (Breed's) Hill, was called the New England flag. It was a blue ground, with the red cross of St. George in a corner, quartering a white field, and in the upper dexter quartering was the figure of a pine-tree. The New Englanders had also a pine-tree flag as well as a pine-tree shilling. The engraving below is a reduced copy of a vignette on a map of Boston, published in Paris in 1776. The London Chronicle, an anti-ministerial paper, in its issue for January, 1776, gives the following description of the flag of an American cruiser that had been captured: In the The New England flag. Admiralty Office is the flag of a provincial privateer. The
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Georgia, (search)
Assembly in case they should question the right of such negative. So the affections of the colonies. one after another, were alienated from the mother country by her unwise rulers. The Provincial Congress of Georgia assembled at Tondee's Long Room, in Savannah, July 4, 1775, at which delegates from fourteen districts and parishes were in attendance—namely, from the districts of Savannah, Vernonburg, Acton, Sea Island, and Little Ogeechee, and the parishes of St. Matthew, St. Philip, St. George, St. Andrew, St. David, St. Thomas, St. Mary, St. Paul, and St. John. Archibald Bullock was elected president of the Congress, and George Walton secretary. The Congress adopted the American Association, and appointed as delegates to the Continental Congress Lyman Hall (already there), Archibald Bullock, Dr. Jones, John Houstoun, and Rev. Dr. Zubley, a Swiss by birth, who soon became a Tory. Sir James Wright (the governor) issued proclamations to quench the flames of patriotism, but in v
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Loudoun, John Campbell, fourth Earl of 1705-1782 (search)
Loudoun, John Campbell, fourth Earl of 1705-1782 Military officer; born in Scotland in 1705; was appointed governor of Virginia and commander-in-chief of the British forces in America in 1756. Leaving his lieutenant, Dinwiddie, to govern the province, he paid attention to military affairs, in which his indolence, indecision, and general inefficiency were most John Campbell Loudon. conspicuous, and worked disasters. Franklin said of him: He is like little St. George on the sign-boards, always on horseback, but never goes forward. He was recalled in 1757, and returned to England. In 1758 he was made lieutenant-general, and in 1770 general. He died in Scotland, April 27, 1782. According to his instructions, the Earl of Loudoun demanded of the authorities of New York City free quarters for himself, his officers, and 1,000 men. Your demand is contrary to the laws of England and the liberties of America, said the mayor of the city. Free quarters are everywhere usual. I ass
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massachusetts, (search)
lect three more. The settlement was called London's plantation. Every stockholder who should emigrate to America at his own cost was to receive fifty acres of land for each member of his family, and the same for each indentured servant he carried with him. The charter and the government were soon transferred from England to Massachusetts, and a large emigration ensued in 1629-30. Late in 1634, while Dudley was governor, John Endicott, incited by Roger Williams, caused the red cross of St. George to be cut out of the military standard of England used at Salem, because he regarded it as a relic of Anti-Christ, it having been given by the pope to a former king of England as an ensign of victory. He had so worked upon the minds of many citizens of Salem that they refused to follow the standard with the cross upon it. At about that time the British government, jealous of the independent spirit manifested in Massachusetts, watched its development with great vigilance, and the enemies o
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Somers Isles, (search)
r of Juan Bermudez, a Spaniard, who was wrecked upon one of them in 1522. In 1614 the islands were settled under a charter given by King James and called Somers Isles. In 1640 a regular government was established there. Sir George Somers was sent there in 1610 by Lord Delaware for provisions; but, by tempests, the ship was driven northward and finally returned to Virginia. Thence he sailed again, and, after boisterous weather and great fatigue, reached the Bermudas, where he died in 1611. On the spot where he died the town of St. George was built. His heart and entrails were buried in Bermuda and his body was sent to England. In 1620 the governor of Bermuda caused a large marble slab to be laid over the portion of his remains buried there, upon which was cut an epitaph, written by the governor himself, beginning: In the year 1611 Sir George Somers went to heaven; and concluding: At last, his soul and body having to part, He here bequeathed his entrails and his heart.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Union-Jack. (search)
Union-Jack. The original flag of England was the banner of St. George—i. e., white with a red cross, which, April 12, 1606 (three years after James I. ascended the throne), was incorporated with the banner of Scotland—i. e., blue with a white diagonal cross. This combination obtained the name of Union-Jack, in allusion to the union with Scotland; and the word jack is considered a corruption of the word Jacobus, Jacques, or James. This arrangement continued until the union with Ireland, Jan. 1, 1801, when the banner of St. Patrick—i. e., white with a diagonal red cross, was amalgamated with it, and forms the present British union flag. The union-jack of the United States, or American jack, is a blue field with white stars, denoting the union of the States. It is without the fly, which is the part composed of alternate stripes of white an
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maine. (search)
ost head of Salmon Falls River, thence north 2°; west, true course, 120 miles ......March 5, 1739 Rev. George Whitefield visits Maine and preaches at York, Wells, and Biddeford......1741 First attack of Indians (the fifth Indian war) upon St. George and Damariscotta (New Castle), July 19; the provincial government declares war against all the Eastern tribes, and offers bounties for Indian captives or scalps......Aug. 23, 1745 Indian skirmishes and depredations throughout the Sagadahoc tec, but, hearing that the garrison had been reinforced, they retire, but attack Dresden, Swain Island, Wiscasset, Sheepscot, and Georgetown, and withdraw with twenty or thirty captives......Sept. 11-25, 1750 Commissioners meet the Indians at St. George's Fort, Aug. 3, and proclaim a cessation of hostilities......Sept. 3, 1751 New Castle incorporated, the first of the towns in the territory of Sagadahoc......June 19, 1753 Fort Halifax, on the Kennebec River below the Teconnet Falls; Fort
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wrecks. (search)
lives lost......Aug. 29, 1880 Steamer Bahama founders between Porto Rico and New York; twenty lives lost......Feb. 4, 1882 Thirty-five wrecks during a storm off Newfoundland......about Dec. 19, 1882 Six American schooners founder off St. George's bank; seventy-six lives lost......November, 1883 American steamship City of Columbus wrecked on Devil's Bridge, off Gay Head light, Mass.; ninety-nine lives lost......Jan. 18, 1884 Belgian White Cross line steamship Daniel Steinman struck on rock off Sambro Head, N. S.; 131 lives lost......April 3, 1884 Three American schooners lost at sea between Gloucester and St. George's Bank; forty-two lives lost......Dec. 26, 1885 Cunard steamer Oregon, from Liverpool to New York, run into by an unknown schooner, 18 miles east of Long Island; all the passengers (631) and crew (205) taken off in safety, the ship sinking eight hours afterwards......March 14, 1886 Three Atlantic steamers stranded in one day: the Persian Monarch on
Raphael Semmes, Memoirs of Service Afloat During the War Between the States, Chapter 16: (search)
s a little ceremony to be complied with, on your part, first. What is that? said he. How do I know, I rejoined, that you have any authority to demand a sight of my commission —the flag at your peak may be a cheat, and you may be no better than you take me for, a ship of war of some hitherto unknown government—you must show me your commission first. This was said, pleasantly, on my part, for the idea was quite ludicrous, that a large, and stately steam-frigate, bearing the proud cross of St. George, could be such as I had hypothetically described her. But I was right as to the point I had made, to wit, that one ship of war has no right to demand a sight of the commission of another, without first showing her own. Indeed, this principle is so well known among naval men, that the lieutenant had come prepared for my demand, having brought his commission with him. Smiling, himself, now, in return, he said: Certainly, your request is but reasonable; here is her Majesty's commission, unrol
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