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Diodorus Siculus, Library, Fragments of Uncertain Provenience, Chapter 3 (search)
Diodorus of Sicily and Oppian state that this city of Neapolis was founded by Heracles.Tzetzes, on the Alexandra of Lycophron, v. 717.
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Contents of the Eleventh Book of Diodorus (search)
aving Mardonius behind as commander, withdrew with a portion of his army to Asia (chap. 19). —How the Carthaginians with great armaments made war upon Sicily (chaps. 20-21). —How Gelon, after outgeneralling the barbarians, slew some of them and took others captive (chaps. 22-23). —How Gelon, when the Carthaw soldiers defeated the Boeotians who far outnumbered them (chaps. 81-82). —On the campaign of Tolmides against Cephallenia (chap. 84). —On the war in Sicily between the Egestaeans and Lilybaeans (chap. 86). —On the framing of the law of petalism by the Syracusans (chap. 87). —The campaign of Pericles again the Syracusans (chap. 87). —The campaign of Pericles against the Peloponnesus (chap. 88). —The campaign of the Syracusans against Tyrrhenia (chap. 88). —On the Palici, as they are called, in Sicily (chap. 89). —On the defeat of Ducetius and his astounding escape from death (chaps. 91
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 1 (search)
suaded Xerxes to enslave the Greeks, who had ever been enemies of the Persians. And Xerxes, being won over by him and desiring to drive all the Greeks from their homes, sent an embassy to the Carthaginians to urge them to join him in the undertaking and closed an agreement with them, to the effect that he would wage war upon the Greeks who lived in Greece, while the Carthaginians should at the same time gather great armaments and subdue those Greeks who lived in Sicily and Italy. In accordance, then, with their agreements, the Carthaginians, collecting a great amount of money, gathered mercenaries from both Italy and Liguria and also from Galatia and IberiaGaul and Spain.; and in addition to these troops they enrolled men of their own race from the whole of Libya and of Carthage; and in the end, after spending three years in constant preparation, they assembled more than three hundred thousand foot-soldiers and two hundred wa
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 20 (search)
Now that we have described at sufficient length the events in Europe, we shall shift our narrative to the affairs of another people. The Carthaginians, we recall,Cp. chap. 1. had agreed with the Persians to subdue the Greeks of Sicily at the same time and had made preparations on a large scale of such materials as would be useful in carrying on a war. And when they had made everything ready, they chose for general Hamilcar, having selected him as the man who was held by them ntion many cargo ships for carrying supplies, numbering more than three thousand. Now as he was crossing the Libyan sea he encountered a storm and lost the vessels which were carrying the horses and chariots. And when he came to port in Sicily in the harbour of PanormusPalermo. he remarked that he had finished the war; for he had been afraid that the sea would rescue the Siceliotes from the perils of the conflict. He took three days to rest his soldiers and to repair the damage wh
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 23 (search)
Because of this achievement many historians compare this battle with the one which the Greeks fought at Plataea and the stratagem of Gelon with the ingenious schemes of Themistocles, and the first place they assign, since such exceptional merit was shown by both men, some to the one and some to the other. And the reason is that, when the people of Greece on the one hand and those of Sicily on the other were struck with dismay before the conflict at the multitude of the barbarian armies, it was the prior victory of the Sicilian Greeks which gave courage to the people of Greece when they learned of Gelon's victory; and as for the men in both affairs who held the supreme command, we know that in the case of the Persians the king escaped with his life and many myriads together with him, whereas in the case of the Carthaginians not only did the general perish but also everyone who participated in the war was slain, and, as the saying is, no
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 24 (search)
irements, had not hauled up on shore. Consequently, although practically all the rest of the combatants were either slain or taken prisoner, these vessels managed to set sail before they were noticed. But they picked up many fugitives, and while heavily laden on this account, they encountered a storm and were all lost. A handful only of survivors got safely to Carthage in a small boat to give their fellow citizens a statement which was brief: "All who crossed over to Sicily have perished." The Carthaginians, who had suffered a great disaster so contrary to their hopes, were so terror-stricken that every night they kept vigil guarding the city, in the belief that Gelon with his entire force must have decided to sail forthwith against Carthage. And because of the multitude of the lost the city went into public mourning, while privately the homes of citizens were filled with wailing and lamentation. For some kept inquiring after sons, others
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 25 (search)
wenty cubits deep. Into it the waters from rivers and springs were conducted and it became a fish-pond, which supplied fish in great abundance to be used for food and to please the palate; and since swans also in the greatest numbers settled down upon it, the pool came to be a delight to look upon. In later years, however, the pool became choked up through neglect and was destroyed by the long passage of time; but the entire site, which was fertile, the inhabitants planted in vines and in trees of every description placed close together, so that they derived from it great revenues.Gelon, after dismissing the allies, led the citizens of Syracuse back home, and because of the magnitude of his success he was enthusiastically received not only among his fellow citizens but also throughout the whole of Sicily; for he brought with him such a multitude of captives that it looked as if the island had made the whole of Libya captive.
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 26 (search)
she struck a coin which was called from her a Damareteion. This was worth ten Attic drachmas and was called by the Sicilian Greeks, according to its weight, a pentekontalitron.i.e. a "fifty-litra," the litra being a silver coin of Sicily. Gelon treated all men fairly, primarily because that was his disposition, but not the least motive was that he was eager to make all men his own by acts of goodwill. For instance, he was making ready to sail to Greece with aunited in acclaiming him with one voice Benefactor and Saviour and King.This acclaim recognized his rule as constitutional, not "tyrannical." After this incident Gelon built noteworthy temples to Demeter and CoreThe two chief deities of Sicily; cp. Book 5.2. out of the spoils, and making a golden tripodThe Scholia to Pind. P. 1.152 give the inscription, which has been attributed to Simonides (fr. 106 Diehl, 170 Edmonds); the text and translation are from Edmonds:
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 38 (search)
478 B.C.When Timosthenes was archon at Athens, in Rome Caeso Fabius and Lucius Aemilius Mamercus succeeded to the consulship. During this year throughout Sicily an almost complete peace pervaded the island, the Carthaginians having finally been humbled, and Gelon had established a beneficent rule over the Sicilian Greeks and was providing their cities with a high degree of orderly government and an abundance of every necessity of life. And since the Syracusans had by law put an end to costly funerals and done away with the expense which customarily had been incurred for the dead, and there had been specified in the law even the altogether inexpensive obsequies, King Gelon, desiring to foster and maintain the people's interest in all matters, kept the law regarding burials intact in his own case; for when he fell ill and had given up hope of life, he handed over the kingship to Hieron, his eldest brother, and respecting his own bur
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XI, Chapter 48 (search)
d was celebrated, that in which Scamandrius of Mytilene won the "stadion," and in Rome the consuls were Caeso Fabius and Spurius Furius Menellaeus.This should probably be Medullinus. In the course of this year Leotychides, the king of the Lacedaemonians, died after a reign of twenty-two years, and he was succeeded on the throne by Archidamus, who ruled for forty-two years. And there died also Anaxilas, the tyrant of Rhegium and Zancle,The earlier name of Messene in Sicily. after a rule of eighteen years, and he was succeeded in the tyranny by Micythus, who was entrusted with the position on the understanding that he would restore it to the sons of Anaxilas, who were not yet of age. And Hieron, who became king of the Syracusans after the death of Gelon, observing how popular his brother Polyzelus was among the Syracusans and believing that he was waiting to seizeAs of a third competitor waiting to fight the victor. the kingship, was ea