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Boston (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 14
the liberty of the people. Winthrop, II. 228. A democratic party had for many years been acquiring a control of public opinion. The oldest dispute 1632 in the colony related to the grounds and limits of the authority of the governor. In Boston, on occasion of 1634 dividing the town lands, men of the inferior sort were chosen. Eliot, the apostle of the Indians, maintained that treaties should not be made without consulting the commons. The doctrine of rotation in office was 1639 a Many of the court were well inclined to suspend the laws against Anabaptists, and the order subjecting strangers to the supervision of the magistrates; and Winthrop thought that the rule of hospitality required more moderation and indulgence. In Boston a powerful liberal party already openly existed. But now the apparent purpose of advancing religious freedom was made to disguise measures of the deadliest hostility to the frame of civil government. The nationality of New England was in dang
Marseilles (France) (search for this): chapter 14
dies the sooner where its extravagance is excessive. A fault against manners may not be punished by a crime against nature. The act itself admits of no defence; the actors can plead no other justification than delusion. Prohibiting the arrival of Quakers was not persecution; and banishment is a term hardly to be used of one who has not acquired a home. When a pauper is sent to his Chap X.} native town, he is not called an exile. A ship from abroad, which should enter the harbor of Marseilles against the order of the health-officer, would be sunk by the guns of the fort. The government of Massachusetts applied similar quarantine rules to the morals of the colony, and would as little tolerate what seemed a ruinous heresy, as the French would tolerate the plague: I do not plead the analogy; the cases are as widely different as this world and the next; I desire only to relate facts with precision. The ship suspected of infection might sail for another port; and the Quaker, if he
West Indies (search for this): chapter 14
he Psalms,—faithfully but rudely translated in metre from the Hebrew by Thomas Welde and John Eliot, ministers of Roxbury, assisted by Richard Mather, minister of Dorchester,—were published in a volume of three hundred octavo pages, the first ever printed in America, north of the Gulf of Mexico. In temporal affairs, plenty prevailed throughout the settlements, and affluence came in the train of industry. The natural exports of the country were furs and lumber; grain was carried to the West Indies; fish also was a staple. The art of shipbuilding was introduced with the first emigrants for Salem; but Winthrop had with him William Stephens, a shipwright who had been preparing to go for Spain, and who would have been as a precious jewel to any State that obtained him. He had built in England many ships of great burthen, one even of six hundred tons, and he was so able a man, that there was hardly such another to be found in the kingdom. In New England he lived with great content, w
Laws (search for this): chapter 14
nd that learning may not be buried in the graves of our forefathers, it was ordered in all the Puritan colonies, that every town, 1647 ship, after the Lord hath increased them to the number of fifty householders, shall appoint one to teach all children to write and read; and where any town shall increase to the number of one hundred families, they shall set up a grammar school; the masters thereof being able to instruct youth so far as they may be Chap. X.} fitted for the university. Col. Laws, 74, 186. So, too, in Connecticut Ms. Laws, and in the New Haven Code. The press began its work in 1639. When New England was poor, and they were but few in number, there was a spirit to encourage learning. Six years after the arrival of Winthrop, 1636 the general court voted a sum, equal to a year's rate of the whole colony, towards the erection of a college In 1638, John Harvard, who arrived in the Bay only to fall a victim to the most wasting disease of the climate, desiring to connec
Morton (search for this): chapter 14
156. 165, 166. 280. 295. 299. 317.322. Colony Records, II. Johnson, b. II. c. XXIII. XXIV. Lechford, 41, 42. Gorton, in II. Mass. Hist Coll. VIII. 68—70. Morton, 202—206. Gorton, in Hutchinson., App. XX. Hubbard, 343, 344. 401—407. and 500—512. Hazard, i. 546—553. C. Mather, b. VII. c. II. s. 12. Callender, 35, 38. remarkable for unmixed simplicity was the form of the first confederated government On the Confederacy—the Records, in Hazard, v. II. Winthrop, II. 101—106. Morton, 229. Hubbard, c. LII. in America Chap. X.} 1643. It was a directory, apparently without any check. There was no president, except as a moderator of its meeting the helpless victim beyond the limits of the jurisdiction of Connecticut, put him to death. Records, in Hazard, II. 7—13. I. Mather's Ind. Troubles, 56, 57. Morton, 234. Winthrop, II. 130.134. Hubbard's Indian Wars, 42—45. Johnson, b. II. c. XXIII. Trumbull, i. 129—135. Drake, b. II. 67. Relation in III.
Clarendon (search for this): chapter 14
Massachusetts Hist. Coil VIII. 258. More probably John Hamblin; a common name in the Old Colony. was undoubtedly there; but the greatest patriot-statesman of his times, the man whom Charles I. would gladly have seen drawn and quartered, whom Clarendon paints as possessing beyond all his contemporaries a head to contrive, a tongue to persuade, and a hand to execute, and whom the fervent Baxter revered as able, by his presence and conversation, to give a new charm to the rest of the Saints in implies an extremely pure community; in no other would it find a place in the statute-book; in no other would public opinion tolerate the rule. Yet it need not have surprised the countrymen of Raleigh, or the subjects of the grand-children of Clarendon. Pepys' Diary, i. 81. The benevolence of the early Puritans appears from other examples. Their thoughts were always fixed on posterity. Domestic discipline was highly valued; but if the law was severe against the undutiful child, it wa
William Stephens (search for this): chapter 14
d Mather, minister of Dorchester,—were published in a volume of three hundred octavo pages, the first ever printed in America, north of the Gulf of Mexico. In temporal affairs, plenty prevailed throughout the settlements, and affluence came in the train of industry. The natural exports of the country were furs and lumber; grain was carried to the West Indies; fish also was a staple. The art of shipbuilding was introduced with the first emigrants for Salem; but Winthrop had with him William Stephens, a shipwright who had been preparing to go for Spain, and who would have been as a precious jewel to any State that obtained him. He had built in England many ships of great burthen, one even of six hundred tons, and he was so able a man, that there was hardly such another to be found in the kingdom. In New England he lived with great content, where, from the time of his arrival, shipbuilding was carried on with surpassing skill, so that vessels were soon constructed of four hundred t
Hubbard (search for this): chapter 14
inthrop, II. 190,191; or Hazard, i. 242,243. Hubbard, 428—430. because it had been once 1634. deff appeals to the king; Hutchinson, i. 85. Hubbard, 354. and the greatest apprehensions were raioduced in England. Winthrop, i. 135. 137. Hubbard, 153. Hazard, i. 341, 342. To this requisitithe royal prerogative Hazard, i. 344—347. Hubbard, 264—268. Hutchinson, i. App. No. iv. Wints the entire management of the plantation. Hubbard, 268, 269. Hazard, i. 432,433. Hutchinson'ss, of incurring his majesty's displeasure. Hubbard, 269—271. Hutch. I App. No. v. Hazard, i. , 202—206. Gorton, in Hutchinson., App. XX. Hubbard, 343, 344. 401—407. and 500—512. Hazard, i.. Winthrop, i. 237. 284. 299; II 350.266. Hubbard, 466. Johnson b. II. c. XXIII Protection agv. II. Winthrop, II. 101—106. Morton, 229. Hubbard, c. LII. in America Chap. X.} 1643. It was aI. 110, &c. See also Johnson, b. iil c. III.; Hubbard, c. iv.; Hazard, i 544, & c. Such were th
Historians (search for this): chapter 14
fifteen years,—and there was never afterwards any considerable increase from England,—we have seen that there came over twenty-one thousand two hundred persons, or four thousand families. Their descendants are now not far from four millions. Each family has multiplied on the average to one thousand souls. To New York and Ohio, where they constitute half the population, they have carried the Puritan system of free schools; and their example is spreading it through the civilized world. Historians have loved to eulogize the manners and virtues, the glory and the benefits, of chivalry. Puritanism accomplished for mankind far more. If it had the sectarian crime of intolerance, chivalry had the vices of dissoluteness. The knights were brave from gallantry of spirit; the Puritans from the fear of God The knights were proud of loyalty; the Puritans of liberty. The knights did homage to monarchs, in whose smile they beheld honor, whose rebuke was the wound of disgrace; the Puritans, d
Matthew Cradock (search for this): chapter 14
y the government at Salem, produced an early harvest of enemies: resentment long rankled in the minds of some, whom Endicott had perhaps too passionately punished; and when they returned to England, Mason and Gorges, the rivals of the Massachusetts company, willingly echoed their vindictive complaints. A petition even reached King Charles, complaining of distraction and disorder in the plantations; but the issue was unexpected. Massachusetts was ably defended by Saltonstall, Humphrey, and Cradock, its friends in England; and the committee of the privy council reported in favor of the adventurers, who were ordered to continue 1633 Jan. their undertakings cheerfully, for the king did not design to impose on the people of Massachusetts the Chap. X.} ceremonies which they had emigrated to avoid. The country, it was believed, would in time be very beneficial to England. Winthrop and Savage, 1. 54—57, and 101—103. Prince, 430,431. Hutch. Coll. 52—54. Hubbard, 150—154. Chalmers
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